Soviet ‘space flight marks

new advance

Continuing its program of ‘storming outer space,’ which started with the first Soviet sa- cellite of the earth 12 years ago, the USSR took another step

forward with the successful si- multaneous fight of three space-

ships with seven cosmonauts aboard, which has greatly ad- vanced the building of large re- search laboratories in space.

Crews of spaceships Soyuz-6, Soyuz-7 and Soyuz-8 observed and photographed cloud forma- tions and cyclones, the moon and stars against the horizon and assessed the luminosity of the earth on its dark and lighted sides. They checked the func- tioning of automatic and manual control systems and the possi- bility of manual orientation us- ing an optical sight in twilight and in the earth’s shadow.

Writing in Krasnaya Zvezda, Dr. N. Kazakov declared tests made by the ‘trio” proved “elec- tronic-beam and diffusion weld- ing appear to be the most effec- tive in outer space. There is a natural super-high vacuum and solar energy can be used to heat up parts.”

Further studies were made of the effects of space flight on the human organism, and of the in- fluence of micrometeorite ero- sion on the conditon of port- holes and optical systems of the ships.

“It is perfectly clear now that to create large orbital stations it is expedient to use for the nucleus an already tested ‘moth- er’ ship such as the Soyuz, and after that to send up into orbit the separate units to be joined to it,” Soviet engineer D. Vladi- mirov writes. “It will be pos- sible to use relatively small-size transport craft, each of which can be used for many flights, to

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Members of the three Soviet space ships SOYUZ-6, SOYUZ-7 and SOYUZ-8 prior to their feat

in outer space visited the Kremlin, were photographed together before a statue of V. I. Lenin. The “space brethren” are, left to right, Viadimir Shatalov, who commanded the three-ship expedition, Victor Gorbatko, Valeri Kubasov, Anatoli Filipchenko, Alexei Yeliseyev, Vladislav Valkov, Georgi Shonin.

deliver the necessary materials and space assemblymen to the constructional orbit.”

Forecasting greater but not exclusive use of automatic means in further research, he said- this was less costly than manned stations, and moreover, the risks to human life are still very great. “However, the pres- ence of researchers in the orbital station-laboratory will make it possible to control with much greater reliability the work of on-board equipment, and to carry out the most sophisticated experiments, for the human brain, which is capable of mak- ing generalizations, remains the most reliable logical arrange- ment.”

Space stations will be a neces- sity for missions to other plan- ets. Spacecraft launched from such a platform will not have to overcome gravity, and much more room will therefore be available on the ship for crew supplies and equipment for a long voyage.

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Cosmonaut Georgi Shonin at home with his wife Lydia, daughter

Nina and son Andrei.

PACIHE-TRIBUNE-OCTOBER 24, 1969—Page 10

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Soviet cosmonauts Georgi Beregovoy (left) and Konstantin Feoktistov (right) receiv come from U.S. spaceman Frank Borman (centre) who establi his recent visit to the U.S.S.R. Soviet guests visited the Mann to Los Angeles, Detroit and other points of interest in the

ploration of the moon next month were announced this week.

V. Gorbatko, V. Volkov and A. Filipchenko pictured working with a camera on during the flight.

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Seven socialist lands launch joint sputnik

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eaceful purposes. ; : The eManire which is stud ing ultra-violet and X-ray ‘i mA ation of the sun and its effe¢ i the structure of the earths 4 per atmosphere, is equ ie with scientific instruments Pie in the German Democrati¢ the public, Czechoslovakia am tive Soviet Union, and an execl the group of specialists from above three countries }§ trolling its flight.

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