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‘NO ONE MORE DESERVING’

An interview wih Dr. Linus Pauling

By SAM KUSHNER.

LOS ANGELES — For those who have walked, demonstrated, picketed and petitioned for peace — and have been subjected to harassment and intimidation as a result — Oct. 10, 1963, was a day long to be remembered,

Not only was it the day on

-which the nuclear test ban treaty

took effect. It was the occasion also on which one of the most ardent champions of that treaty — often maligned for his peace activities — was singled out for an honor never before accorded to any other man,

? , ?

Dr. Linus C. Pauling became the first individual to win two Nobel Prizes when on Oct. 10 he was awarded the coveted Nobel Peace Prize for 1962. This made him one of those rare people in history who fought for a cause,

_ suffered because of it, and saw _

himself vindicated all within his lifetime.

Last Monday night (Oct.14)this reporter, interviewing Dr. Paul- ing in his Passadena home, asked him what significance the award had for others. He replied:

**T feel that this award should encourage the nonconformists of the world, the people who refuse to be suppressed, the people who believe they are individuals and

have the right to speak out.”

From around the world mes- sages of congratulation, more

than 1,000 of them by Monday

night, spelled out something else. * * *

They were from peace com- mittees and leaders of peace movements, from scientists and from heads of great scientific as- sociations,

They expressed gratification that, as J. D. Bernal, head of the World Peace Council, in his wire to Dr. Pauling putit, .... «*’.. your long and courageous

consistent campaign against nu-_

clear weapons and tests thereby.

achieves official recognition.’’

On Dec. 10, Dr. Pauling and his wife and co-worker, Ava Helen, will be in Oslo for the for- mal presentation of the prize.

Dr. Pauling feels that in all justice the award should have been shared by him and his wife and he hopes that in Oslo, their four sons will be in the audience.

Dr. Linus Carl Pauling Jr., a psychiatrist now practicing in Honolulu, has already indicated that he will be there.

In a statement to the Honolulu press Dr. Pauling Jr. said, ‘‘To my way of thinking myfather was the one person in the United States most responsible for crea- ting the public opinion that would make it possible for the Senate to ratify the test ban treaty.’’

: * * *

But’s a son’s pride in his fa- ther’s accomplishment did not prevent him from reminding others that honors were not al- ways bestowed in that direction.

In 1951, Dr. Pauling, as one of the world’s leading chemists, had been invited to dedicate the new University of Hawaii. Because of McCarthyite political pressure

- the invitation was withdrawn.

Asked about the significanceof bestowing the award on him, Dr. Pauling replied with a smile, ‘The world will draw its own conclusions — it is too difficult | for me to analyze myself.”’

But there were others who rushed to express their opinions. The Pasadena Star-News jn its Oct. 11 editorial gave one answer when it said, ‘‘If Dr. Pauling is pro-anything he is pro-human- ity.”?

Like a good neighbour, the edi- torial continued, ‘‘We are proud

‘that a member of our community

should have brought world wide honor to it not only as ascientist but as a humanitarian.” SS eS Not so good a neighbour was The Los Angeles Times, On the

Socialism raises Life span in USSR

By JOHN WEIR

Socialism has added nearly 40 years of life, on the average, to every man and woman in the Soviet Union. Whereas before the Revolution Russians could count on only 32 years of life on the average, today that average has risen to 70 years—the ‘‘three score and ten’’ of the ancients,

The population of the Soviet

‘Union recently passed the 225

million mark, a natural increase of 35 million (equal to about twice the population of Canada) during the past 10 years.

This speaks not only ofthe high birth rate in the USSR (the birth rate was high in tsarist Russia too, it is today in some other countries also), but particularly of the low mortality rate, which today is the world’s lowest. So- viet babies have 8.5 times as much chance to survive as did Russian infants in 1913!

And the Soviet way of life, guaranteeing work, leisure and medical care to every individual, with pensions at 55 years for working women and 60 for men, results in the preservation of human life and continually mak-

ing it longer and better.

Today per capita consumption

of high-calory foods — meat, but- ter, milk, eggs, sugar — is from 1.5 to 1.9 times greater than it was 10 years ago.

While still working to catch up with the United States on per capita production in many in- stances, the USSR is already de-

‘monstrating its superiority in

service to the interests of the people, first of all in the realm of protecting and prolongong hu- man life itself.

And who are the people that are reaping the benefit of this care?

Latest statistics show that of the 225 million Soviet people 165,600,000 are industrial, cleri- cal and professional workers (or members of their families), 59,- 200,000 are collective farmers and handicraftsmen — and not a single capitalist, landowner, banker, businessman or ‘‘kulak’’ (rich farmer who hires laborers).

So the Soviet ‘‘averages’’ mean our kind of people, workers and farmers, which cannot be said of the averages in capitalist coun- tries,

Socialism is certainly paying off in terms of human welfare. And the Soviet Union is setting the pace in this regard in the peaceful competition between the two social systems in the world,

CSPI eH lewed OTHe OR L eet

same day itpraised Dr. Pauling’s ‘‘high ideals’? and then wentonto castigate everything Dr. Pauling believes in. The Nobel Prize winner was told by The Times that his ‘‘role as a peace seeker, a turner of the other cheek, was outdated even when Paul started. to preach.’’

Monday night Dr. Pauling Iook- ed his 62 years. Asa result of . the award, their life had been a turmoil for days. Sitting inhouse slippers with a blue beret cover- ing the balding part of his head, grey hair protruding from the sides, the Nobel prize winner quoted what others said about the - award.

That the Nobel prize commit- tee in Norway attached great significance to the date of the a- ward and to his initiation of the campaign for 11,000 signatures among scientists of 50 nations to outlaw nuclear warfare, seemed part of the answer to him.

Characteristically, he took time out to set the record — straight. There were signatures presented from only 49 countries, **because I lost one behind my desk.”’ .

As for the future. ‘‘My feeling is that I shall devote half of my time to science and the other half to peace, I enjoy my scien- tific work but my conscience dic- tates that I continue my work for peace — it is a duty one owes to humanity.’

eee ee

‘DR. AND MRS. LINUS PAULING are shown together with big smiles

{Nobel prize for the second time.

The next steps in the campaign for peace, as he sees it, Dr. Pauling said, had already begun. Making Latin America, Africa and Asia nuclear free zones was the next job. In August when he and his wife visited Latin Ameri- ca with a group of representa- tives of the World Peace Council they met with government leaders in Chile, Argentina and Brazil in pursuit of this objective. The Paulings also visited Mexico.

The wires of congratulations gave evidence of Dr. Pauling’s many-sided interests and asso- ciations,

‘*No man on earth is more de- serving of the Nobel Peace prize,’’ a message from the Intl.

Longshoremen’s & Warehouse-—

men’s Union, signed by Harry Bridges and J. R. Robertson said. And pulling it out of a wad of messages, Dr. Pauling proud-

ly said, ‘‘I am anhonorary long- ~shoreman, you know. I am a _member of that union.”’ '. Another message was from the Soviet Academy of Sciences of which he is also a member.

Hereabouts they speak of the Pauling paradox. They speak of the pacifist who is a militant,of the man who takes life very ser- iously, yet has a great sense of humor, who is greatly honored, yet a most modest man.

The Nobel prize will not sub- stantially change Dr. Pauling’s life, He is already talking of participating in new peace de- monstrations, walking on picket lines, gathering petitions. Only he thinks that he’ll have a lot more company, because one of

the consequences of the award, —

Dr. Pauling believes, will be that ‘it will encourage other profes- sional people to speak out.’’

[By NELSON CLARKE

TH column has had occa-

sion before to make the point that there is always the danger in a country like Can- ada of over-estimating the stability of capitalism and of fail- ing to see at work the underlying revolytionary forces in the 3 world which are profound- ly affecting our own country. ;

It is easy to make such a mistake when we look only at surface indications, such as for example the re-election of the Tory Robarts govern- ment in Ontario with an in- creased majority.

This is a good time to again call attention to the new thinking about the world of today which is being develop- ed by the Communist move- ment, World Marxist Review for August, 1963 carried an editorial article which should be closely studied by all so- cialist-minded people.

It begins by taking into ac- count the great changes in the _world:

- **The world today is chang- ing faster than it ever did be- fore. The scientific and tech- nological revolution is in- creasing man’s dominion over nature at an unprecedented rate. The first steps in space exploration have been taken. _ But perhaps even more sig- nificant is the fact that today

DON’T OVERESTIMATE CAPILALIST STABILITY ©

the requirements of all in food, clothing, housing and education could be fully met if only the world’s productive forces were put to planned rational use. That this hasnot been done is due to capital- ism, under which even the greatest of scientific and tech- nological achievements are used not in the interests of the peoples but to create in- struments for the wholesale destruction of life,’’

* * *

There is no reason why a single family in Canada or anywhere else in the world should be living in slums.

_There is no reason why any- one should be deprived of the very best medical treatment that modern science can pro- vide, There is no reason why any young person should lack for all the education and training he or she wants to have, There is no reason why the threat of nuclear war to the lives of all of us should continue to hang over the world. No reason, that is, but the continued -existence of capitalism.

These truths are still large- ly concealed from most Can- adians by those who own and control the machinery of pub- lic information in our country — but they are becoming HARDER to hide all the time, Indeed, in their own way Can- adians who do not yet see the need for socialism are de- manding reforms that would have been dismissed as com- pletely unrealistic only a few short years ago,

There are millions of Can-

adians right now who are con- vinced that they have a right to full medicare, and to an adequate standard of living in their old age, and willy nilly capitalist politicians are being forced to take these demands into account.

Canadians are impelled to make these demands not only because of their own condi- tions of life, but because they come slowly perhaps but ne- vertheless surely, to under- stand, that in the socialist countries the problem of bringing about a steady in- crease in living standards has been solved.

Furthermore, Canadians are inspired by the struggles of other peoples, in most dif- ficult conditions, to win 4 ‘better life. They see the Cuban people successfully standing up to the United States col- losus. They see the Negro people in the United States itself demanding freedom and equally NOW.

* * *

What is taking place in the world is summed up by the editors of World Marxist Re- view in these words:

‘the three great revolu- tionary forces of our time— the socialist world system, the revolutionary working: class and general democratic move ments in the capitalist coun” | tries, and the national-libera » tion movement. — are orgai~ ically interlinked and interac~ tive. These three movements merge in a single revolution=- ary stream which is under” mining and will sweep away world imperialism.”’

November 1, 1963—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Pe

Jafter receiving congratulations from around theworld on winning the