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| F i : a fy a nace : dev policies. Already one battalion in “The inference the committeé By WILLIAM DEVINE Canada is earmarked for such a was invited to draw by the mink Pla role should it be requested. ster was that he had been madé Cap

HE ISSUE of nuclear arms privy to confidential information 7

for Canada continues to re- Such a concept could explain on this question during talks 1 his main at the centre of Canada’s the recent cuts in defense expend- Washington .. . with Secretary fic: defense and foreign policies. itures. The government could also of State Dean Rusk.” imy : try to take the “heat” off the nu- a Sir

Actual importation of nuclear clear arms issue by pointing out Last week the New York Times the arms into Canada from the ‘that the NORAD agreement ex- reported that US. President ant United States has not ended them pires in 1967, and that present nu- Johnson will “challenge” Khrush oe as a problem but in fact has rais- clear arms will be obsolete by no chov’s proposal to renounce forcé : ed them to new heights as a cri- later than 1969, and therefore 10 territorial disputes by propos ; tical issue facing all Canadians. ‘why not let sleeping dogs lie until ing instead that the U.N. be pro | Par that time, and then let’s see. vided with permanent peacekeep fir:

In today’s world Canada can ing machinery. It. have no defense or foreign policy : . = nat that makes sense unless and until Speceat Teper fom Oe ‘The Johnson, prop osal, said thé mu : the Toronto Globe and Mail said 7 ll b esented to thé it rejects nuclear arms. : : imes, will be presented to i

aes aoe na to ieee a Geneva disarmament conferencé - Be : s interceptor role there: i

This is true for several reasons: likely to be a larger transport This could easily be a ploy tO} wo (1) Nuclear arms for our forces force for U.N. peacekeeping for- get around the Soviet initiative of F to) at home or abroad will add noth- ces. It added this outlook is like- to hold back further real. steps ing to the defense of Canada or ly to find expression in Defense toward disarmament. That this | ,. the West. Minister Hellyer’s White Paper may be the case was further it i.

on defense. dicated by the Times report. el

Nuclear warheads for the Bo- ‘cusses os eee es oo ‘ Within this context, the govern- ; un tors in Canada are of use on'y ment could seek to explain Pear- Ca against manned bombers. This son’s election Aiorice dbat once Peace prop osals of was stressed by the report of the Canada accepted: its nuclear : : | special Commons defense com- “commitments,” he would rene- It said that in reference to the ba mittee, which recommended ac- gotiate the country out of any Khrushchov proposal Johnsolt | ceptance of nuclear warheads, but ‘Huclear role. A “bolstering” ar- will suggest including “Commutt Pa which stated they “are of no use -sument could be a reference to ist subversion and so-called strug: | ™ against a general range of ballis- Canada’s refusal to accept nu- gles of liberation in the proposee tic missiles.” clear arms for the navy. ban against both direct and i in

This will be the only manner of These warheads won’t defend Canada... direct forms of aggression.” . in “attack,” against which there is ; Such a concept could also ex- i chy no defense. in world councils is undermined of any kind of nuclear arms and plain the Pearson TV reference Tee ac eonoa armecinee of Po

by acceptance of nuclear equipment.’ to a “diminution” of Canada’s nu- holding back the national libef x 2 7 ; = clear role, tion struggle has nothing in cont Su Tr fluous He pleaded again that Canada’s mon with the Khrushchov propo | 4 But uch outlook Id Thi ; as made last acceptance of nuclear arms was |; ut any such outlook would sal and could not be accepted ve This “point. Ww oe : miss the point. This is not now

As to our CF-104’s in Europe, month by Tory MP Wallace Nes- necessary in order to live up to to argue the -merits<of a. UN, “Arsh n the committee admitted these bitt, who was former parialmen- commitments made to Canada’s “peacekeeping” Sines hishly re these proposals of jon te th would serve-no -purpose.other tary,secretary to Canada’s Exter- allies—a widely discredited argu- s , what Martin has been madép

purp : cme tho ment dubious and suspect idea as best “privy” to, and is it in this sens$ than as a superfluous deterrent nal Affairs Minister, and who | : seen by the Congo experience— that es neo A UN. NM in view of the U.S. forces, and served at the United Nations for ‘ ; put to keep the nuclear arms is- «p 1S PreRosihe FO hs stated that since their employ- more than six years. But he showed some sensitivity sue to the forefront, recognizing peacekeeping army: l ens part of a limited nuclear. on the matter, see pes telt his that this is the decisive step for | [f so Canada would again b#) ™~ attack would probabl ntribute ao . interviewer and a good man eas : : a to Seucidnenent of ee oe oar people did not think wach of the cate oe ee eae ae ant oi aie were of — operational 4+ the U.N. since Canada became sae decision to acquire Cee ee ene iscue THe ae value even in this capacity. a nuclear power. Because we have *~ : Rej ct N-a S ‘not help the cause of peace, 1?

(2) Canada has enlarged the the ee he Sect ape fe rm. more than Canada’s acceptanc® 5 nuclear club. Despite inane argu- 3 iN - eile Ses os He was right about the “good of nuclear arms did. w mgents that the “club” has not [Se eS many people.” In their majority Canada cannot move forward :

: : : : ; f f : In its report, the Commons de been enlarged because Canada is Canadians voted against Pearson’s 4S a force for peace in any Way fense committee had this to say not a producer of nuclear arms, nuclear policies in the last fede- unless and until it rejects nuclear ginong other factors it said co#| |

< : ees A said co the fact is that there are now ral election, and he thus has arms. This is the central point dition Canadian defense policy| to more nuclear arms spread about. No mandate never had a mandate from the about pees abies and for- — E hi ang fore people to accept nuclear arms. elgn policy, an e government “jt j i sé

This in face of the signing of i E should not be allowed to bypass te As REN eR that defen al the partial test-ban treaty and Nesbitt’s remarks should be sspteit: P cy + ogical extension oe a what even External Affairs Minis- taken to heart by the Pearson Which is a final and telling : aes policy. However, it mia al ter Martin describes as a devel- government, which Is reportedly reason why he had no business On the U.N. “peacekeeping” also be essential that all de he oping “detente” in East-West re- set to propose to the Geneva dis- to do so. force idea, there is this aspect to sone RO defense should dar & latins armament conference opening na Rated: : taken in the interest of Canad#

: : Jan, 21 that an agreement be : oe “ ‘ ic

(3) There is no evidence of any reached to ban the spread of nu- But that he did show sensitl- External Affairs Minister Mar- A cana a ee tens = oe te: “attack” being planned against clear weapons to countries not vity on the issue Is a clear indi- tin told the House external affairs ¢h, hates in y its S Canada or any other country b ots cation to Canadians and their or- : 1 D the sense that it should get

: y y by now possessing them. f committee last December that d f Cw the Soviet Union. ganized peace forces that the fight Canada, the Netherlands and the inspiration an content ron of : against nuclear weapons cannot Scandinavian countries have had nadian sources in contact will th

That country has repeatedly If the non-NATO countries be considered lost. ai : ab ave had the outside world. Canadian st stressed its desire for peaceful don’t raise an eyebrow at this, eve a aout coordinating fense policy should not slavishl¥ : coexistence and two recent actions coming as it does from the coun- Qn the contrary, there is nee a ee whic faces has ear follow: the policy of any othe € prove its sincerity on this point: try that has most recently acted go, stepped-up efforts against the 4; e ewer eeping opera- country...” wt the substantial cut in its arms in a way that could most effec- .warheads, and real possibilities fra aroun fhe world. Martin zs production and the proposal by tively undermine such a concept, for exerting pressure to secure : Pe EE the possible addi-. By its recommendations to ac in Soviet Premier Khrushchov for a_it will be diplomatic politeness of cancellation of the nuclear agree- ion. O Sane from an Asian cept nuclear arms, the comm' Cl world agreement to renounce any. the highest order. ena the US: country, which he declined to tee, unfortunately, has not hee’) 2, use of force to settle territorial TATE: ee its own words, but has do®) 4, disputes. ‘ the opposite.

. Surely it is clear that any such pes ae the report in the Toronto _ HY

U.S. Defense Secretary Mc- proposal from Canada, which is The main issue obe and Mail put it: The time is ripe for Canada 9) St Namara has boasted about what worthwhile in itself, would carry - a play a real role for world pea™ ti he calls the overwhelming nuclear the real rimg of sincerity and It is i hi He (Martin) expressed: hope and disarmament—ultimately thé Ty superiority of the U.S. over the fave much more force if this 14 = saa to note this, that the reconvening of the 18- best defense for Canada. re Soviet Union. If this is true, who country had not accepted nuclear ie a ee the need to make - member disarmament committee . i t is a threat to whom? arms or would now reject them. eens “e oe egrets the jn Geneva would prepare the The proposal of the Canadiat *

Yet Canada piles up more nu- é ene = : QUE DY ne way for further progress in this Peace Congress that the gover © clear weapons on the borders of This is why a denuclear Can- 7) 07. 4 ae eae i field, including possible steps ment should declare Canada , a the Soviet Union at home and ada‘is so important—as an act Jay 45 a aS ee which so far had not been dis- be a nuclear-free zone contal? overseas, Surely this is not the which in itself will make a signal ry to play down the nuclear cussed, on which he declined to the key element for the decisi” | lM

: waeaios question and “balance” it off with elaborate ; seers way to promote a detente, as contribution to peace, and as an SO ace enclicd een aioe : step in this direction. : Marti he wishes to do act which will allow Canada to pe non ae _Martin says he . ti le f ld troduces its White Paper on de- : a _. play a constructive role tor worl" fense in the next session of Par-

(4) Of ‘no little significance 1s disarmament. armeniie the fact Canada’s acquisition of : pe See nuclear arms can be used by There are signs the govern- The indications are the govern-

West Germany as a further argu- ment is having difficulties trying ment will propose that Canada ment in its drive to get nuclear t0 explain“its nuclear role. This emphasize more the use of its arms in pursuance of its revenge- Was indicated by Prime Minister forces as part of a United Na- seeking aims. Pearson in a television interview tions’ “peacekeeping” army. earlier this month in which he — This is one point stressed by

(5) Canada’s ability to play

any constructive tealle fore -mence

indicated Canada’s future defense role “would require a diminution

the defense committee in outlin- ing the basis of Canada’s defense

. . and they hold back moves toward peace 1