= Le U.S. Election Nearing End -—~But Big Battles Just Begin. By BENJAMIN J. DAVIS (Excerpts from an article in the U.S. Worker) The last lap of this compli- | cated, frustrating, yet highly | important election campaign is coming to a close. But the gun — the struggle for peace, peaceful coexistence, armament; the struggle for civil rights and expanding de- mocracy; struggle has just be- | and dis- | the struggle for soc- | ial welfare, and for the rights | of labor. To the degree that the can- didates and. major have been affected by people’s forces during campaign, it has been primar- | ily through the independent | struggles and actions of the} masses around _ issues, the two-party system machines, but in collabora- the parties | the | outside | and the | tion with progressive forces in | both parties, Democratic Party, Negro people, and ents. With the Stevenson candidacy Angeles, the peace and independent forces within the Democratic Party were not strong enough to register a clear alternative to the Eisenhower-Nixon ir- responsible ‘U-2 policies through their own national candidates. Consequently, labor, rejection of the at Los the independ- ent struggle and activities of | the masses for peace and sum- | mit negotiations, for civil and | labor’s rights, became even more desperately urgent. Proper cocnlusions were drawn by the Negro students in the South, ville, Fla., the midst of the elections, by the registration sit-ins at poll- ing booths, led by the South- ern Christian Leadership Con- ference, headed by Dr. Mar- tin Luther King, Jr. and to a limited extent by peace and other people’s forces. For peace — which is as in- separable --from *democracy and human dignity, social-pro- and labor’s rights as sweetness from sugar — is even more in October the sup- reme over-all issue than in June. Today this is true ina more positive way, thanks to the current 15th session of the U.N. General Assembly. The power is present to win the struggle for peace and for bridling) “our own” monop- olists, if the peace masses of the U.S. play their role in un- ity and in relentless, consist- ent struggle. Be RSs ake Although the policy of the Communist Party rejects the Ces gress particularly the | the | independ- | —DYAD in British Daily Worker so-called “lesser evil’? theory, |namely that the party sup- | ports Kennedy directly. or im- | pliedly, the national executive committee, at. its September session, while re-affirming its main line, decided upon clar- ification of the following state- ment in its August resolution: “A defeat for this (Nixon- | Lodge) ticket would be her- it became clear that| who in Jackson- ; eS resumed sit-ins in | alded everywhere as a defeat for those war-inciting, anti- labor policies.” In the first place, this state- ment, taken out of context, could easily be misconstrued to mean the converse; that if Nixon were elected, the Am- erican people would be giving him a mandate to carry out war-inciting, anti-labor polic- ies. Nothing could be further from the truth. Secondly, developments in the course of the campaign demonstrate that the only way to defeat the Eisenhower-Nix- on policies is to bring pressure to bear against both candidat- , Kennedy as well. AP ei Se However the defeat of Nix- On may be interpreted, what our country needs is a funda- mental change in foreign pol- icy, accomplished by mass pressures on both candidates for peaceful coexistence and relaxation of international tensions, which will be effec- tive no matter which ticket is victor. Otherwise the unqualified statement that Nixon’s defeat will be heralded as a repudia- tion .of the war-inciting, anti- labor policies of the THisen- hower administration could be misconstrued as an en- dorsement of Kennedy as a lesser evil alternative. On the contrary, Kennedy’s discussion of Quemoy and Matsu during the Oct. 7 de- bate, his statement on the “ex-’ pression of regrets” with res- pect to the summit, his opposi- tion to the resumption of nuc- lear tests —- as compared to Nixon’s handling of questions — shows that the Democratic candidates, are not beyond the reach of independent struggles around issues. It is still possible that these struggles could register an im- portant breakthrough on peace, civil and labor’s rights, especially peace. Obviously, this cannot be done with a _ stand-off, sit-it- out or boycott the elections policy. mass * ok A ‘most ‘serious -mistake could. be made if there’s fail- ure to differentiate - between the monopoly-dominated ean- didates of the Democratic Party—as well-as ofthe GOP —and the masses of workers, the Negro people, farmers and independents who regard the Democratic Party as more responsible to their economic needs ever since the days of FDR and the New Deal. The latter is shown by. the massive. turnouts for Kennedy in Cleveland and elsewhere. One should distinguish be- tween Kennedy’s reactionary positions, on a number: of is- sues pure and simple, and the overwhelming majority of the workers who will vote the De- mocratic ticket between Ken- nedy’s pro-cold war policies and the great number of lib- eral peace forces congregated mainly, if reluctantly, around his candidacy. Only through such neces- sary and realistic distinctions can broad allies around issues be established with the decis- ive forces who, after all, will be the heart and soul of any effective anti-monopoly — real- ignment. On the other hand, one should not permit wishful thinking about Kennedy, a bandwagon approach or a nec: essary flexibility of tactics among the workers and popu- lar forces to result in a loss of perspective with respect to a fundamental change in the ob- solete, monopoly - dominated two-party system. Communists have to master the tactic of working with masses under the influence of illusions, without adopting those illusions as their own Czechs, Poles Build. Sugar Mill In Jungle A sugar mill in the heart of the jungle in Ceylon has been completed by Czechoslovak and Polish technicians, who assembled 3,500 ‘tons of equip- ment shipped from the two countries. It will process 1,200 tons of sugar-cane daily at the outset, later increasing output to 1,700 tons as the jungle is cleared and transformed into a ‘sugar-cane plantation, Bai Brith A ver branch of the B’nai B’rith last Thursday, Label A. Katz, U.S. leader of the Jewish .| organization, said the Jews in Russia are being persecuted on a religious and cultural level. Propounding the U.S. cold war line against the Soviet Union, he painted a complete- ly false picture of the place of Jews in Soviet society. Answering similar charges by a Rabbi Kischenbaum of London, ‘Ont., recently, the chief rabbi of Moscow, L. I. Levine, whote a letter recent- ly to a Canadian. Here is part of that letter: “T--am -fulfilling: your re- quest to express myself as to that Passover sermon of Rabbi Kirschenbaum. According to the clipping, the rabbi said that