JAPAN:

Victim of A-bomb,
scene of peace meets

CONFERENCE to ban nu-

clear weapons, which took

place in Hiroshima early
in August, called on peace work-
ers to exert greater efforts to
extend the Moscow partial test-
ban treaty.

Signed in 1963, the Moscow
Treaty should now be extended
.to ban underground tests, as
well as those in the atmosphere,
in space and under water, said
the conference.

It also urged the dismantling
of all nuclear weapons, decided
on a campaign against these
weapons in Japan and to work
for the creation of a nuclear-
free zone in the Pacific area.

It urged peaceful settlement
of conflicts in Vietnam and Laos
and stronger unity in the strug-
gle for peace. It also proposed
concrete aid measures to vic-
tims of the Second World War
nuclear bombing of Japan.

On the morning of Aug. 6,
during the Hiroshima confer-
ence, some 120,000 persons
packed the city’s central square

- for a memorial meeting on the
anniversary of the nuclear
bombing of Japan.

The Hiroshima conference
was sponsored by the Sohyo
trade union organization and by
the Socialist Party. It was at-
tended by many delegates from
the World Peace Council (in-
cluding Canadian Dr. James En-
dicott), the Soviet Union, Mon-
golia, Czechoslovakia, France,
England, Nigeria, Algeria, Fin-
land and from Latin-American

‘On the
labor front

and other countries of the world.

A few days before, the 10th
annual conference for the pro-
hibition of nuclear weapons had
opened in Tokyo. It was spon-
sored by the All-Japanese Coun-
cil for the Prohibition of Nu-
clear Weapons (Gensuike), and
was supported by the Japanese
Communist Party.

The Tokyo conference, al-
though attended. by 20,000 dele-
gates, failed to become as ef-
fective as it could shave. Last
year, the ninth annual confer-
ence was divided over support
for the partial nuclear test-ban
treaty.

_On the first day the Chinese
delegation insisted that the lead-
ing bodies of the Tokyo confer-
ence could be filled only by
delegates who would not par-
ticipate in the Hiroshima anti-
bomb conference.

This put the Tokyo confer-
ence mainly in the hands of the
Chinese and the section of the
Japanese Communist Party
which followed the lead of the
Chinese.

Dr. Endicott charged that
about 50 “phantom delegates”
were assembled by the Chinese
to help force through their line.
These delegates, supposedly re-
presenting African and other
countries, were exposed as re-
presenting no one: but the Chi-
nese, said Endicott.

A rule was railroaded through
that speeches must be submit-
ted in writing 48 hours in ad-

vance, although many delegates
had arrived only on the eve of
the conference. Representatives
from Argentina, Algeria and
other countries were denied the
right to speak.

Indian delegate Anup Singh
said: “Our task is to raise our
voices against nuclear weapons;
but here all the attacks are dir-
ected against the Soviet Union.
I do not intend to defend the
ae Union; it does not need
this,

“But remember the tremen-
dous contributions that the So-

viet Union has and is making

to the struggle against the nu-
clear danger, for peace. But you
are contending here that if So-
viet delegates go to the confer-
ence in Hiroshima, they are. ‘im-
perialists’, This is incongruous.
We must unite and not disunite
efforts in the struggle for
peace.”

Delegates from about 30 coun-
tries finally declared in a letter
to the Tokyo conference that
“we have been increasingly con-
cerned at the failure to deal
with the urgent questions which
we were invited to discuss in
the invitation you sent us.

“We accepted that invitation
with the firm hope and inten-
tion of making our contribution
to the struggle for peace of the
Japanese people and the peoples
of the world. We have not been
able to play this part.”

The letter said that “with
deepest regret”, those signing it
were forced to withdraw from

. . i "
Hiroshima, shown above following its inhuman devastate
by a U.S. A-bomb on Aug. 6, 1945.

the Tokyo conference. Some 60
delegates left the conference.

Dr. Endicott, in Canada after
attending the Tokyo and Hiro-
shima conferences, suggested
that despite its failures, the

Tokyo conference could not be
dismissed.

“In spite of the tremendous
attack by the Chinese and some
sections of the Japanese on the
Soviet Union and on delegates
who intended to go to both
meetings, there was a great deal
of similarity in the anti-H-bomb
purposes and resolutions of the
two conferences,” said Endicott,

The Tokyo conference also
showed the wide peace senti-
ment among the Japanese, as
well as the influence of the Jap-
anese Communist Party, despite
adherence to the Chinese line.

Dr, Endicott announced that a
world conference for peace and
international cooperation — will
be held in New Delhi, India,
from Nov. 14 to 18, this year.

It is sponsored by a number
of Indian public organizations
and among members of the pre-
Paratory committee are 250

members of parliament, ae
bers of state legislatures: B ists,
tists, artists, trade union
leaders of women’s 08
tions and others.

The conference will
an opportunity for perso
various countries to
urgent problems of Pp
world cooperation,
disarmament, nationa
dence, economic pro
related problems.

ee

Union Nationale |
backs constitution

ing the existence
in Canada, has
by Daniel Johnson,

Quebec’s Union National i
Johnson said no union ' ie
sible between the two Ae inl
nations so long as the gi js
of unification and uniform? a

accepted. The existence My
nations will have to be A the
nized before any solution oe ;
country’s present problem
possible.

aniza"

provide
ns from ‘
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Smcluding
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Unity can win for printers

By WILLIAM. KASHTAN

REMIER Robarts’ retreat on
portable pensions — which
he had pledged to carry

out and which he was given a>

mandate to carry out — indi-
cates that the not-so-invisible
lobby of the insurance compa-
nies carries more weight with
him than do the needs of the
people of Ontario.

This cold blooded attitude on
portable pensions is also evi-
denced in the current lockout
or strike of Typos and Mailers
in the three Toronto dailies.

Although there now appears
to be a slight move on the part
of the publishers toward nego-
tiations, it remains to be seen
whether these are seriously in-
tentioned or merely another
manoeuvre calculated to split
the ranks of the Typos.

Nevertheless, this newspaper
lockout is a clear example
of the effects of automation on
the jobs of workers and on the
very existance of a union. The
Ontario government, through

Premier Robarts, had declared
some time ago that a commit-
tee was being established to
study the effects of automation
on the economy and on jobs.
One would think that with the
house burning down, this would
be a good time to not only stu-
dy but put out the fire.

But where is the Robarts gov-
ernment in this situation? The
Premier declared last week that
he is available. So far, however,
neither he nor his government
have done anything to help
bring about a just. settlement.
One must conclude then, that
Ris position parallels the Honor-
able Robert Macauley’s (since
resigned) who declared at the
Ontario conference of ‘‘automa-
tion and social change” that:

“J do not believe the solution
to automation lies in legisla-
tion; nor do I believe the gov-
ernments can or should accept
the responsibility for finding a
solution.”

If this is not his position and

that of his government, now is
the time to act. If this is gov-
ernment policy the’ working
people of Ontario must change
it before it is too late.

The publishers have shown
from the very beginning of ne-
gotiations that they don’t want
a settlement except on their
terms; neither do they want a
union except.one which in ef-

fect cannot defend the interests —

of its members.

The capitalist millionaire press
has always tried to appear as
the true spokesman of truth, of
justice, and of the public inter-
est. Where is truth and justice
in this case? And where is the
public interest?

The fact is that the million-
aire press as an integral part of
monopoly is concerned with
profits — first, last and always
— and if a union has to be
smashed to achieve it that’s no
skin off their collective noses!

The strike itself has entered
a crucial phase. The ITU has

shown its desire to get back to
negotiations in order to find the
basis for a just settlement,
Other of the printing unions, in-
cluding the Guild, are slowly
beginning to realize that what
1s involved in this Struggle is
the very existence of a union,

_ €ven though they have not yet

found the path to the kind -of
Solidarity which could prove

helpful.

However now is not the time
for mutual recrimination or
dee ae Now is the time
realize that as against t
united front of the at a
there is need for a united front
of : the workers and of their
unions. Unless and until that is
achieved, the workers will be
fighting with one hand tied be-
hind their backs, and in danger
of losing what they have gained.

This united front needs to
Speen Out to the entire labor
ovement. The decision of the
Toronto Labor Council to boy-
cott the press was a good be-

September 4,

pere ||
- ginning. But it cannot ent ae
if this battle over perme io |
is to have a successful ug

sion. rf
e
A storm of protest né 2 iT

be developed against ©

junction eS the bringing

scabs from all over the O°,

into Toronto to sma

strike and the union.

junction was the first ie i

that direction; the brinb!,:

of scabs, the second sen bY

actions may yet bee 10°

the“ publishers, all dif" yim

making the workers the ©

of automation. nove
Nor is protest action oF

Other forms of action

be considered whi¢ '

prove helpful, including Me

mand on the governme

it has a responsibility.

ing automation which :

and must not be al

evade, t re

S

If the labor moverne veld
ponds as it must an
the widest type ° to be
there is every reason ? by
that the objectives My
publishers can be de aed 12.
that they can be come gettl@-
sit down to negotiate |
ment which will protec
interests of the locked-© ing thal
ers. It goes without 54 bi
this would constitute
for all workers.

_pag®
1 964—PACIFIC TRIBUNE