>. It is important for you to know that I have stock and appliances to turn out all kinds of CARRIAGE WORK, special Sleighs, Wagon and Sleigh Brakes, Etc. C. F. WILLIS General Blacksmith Repairing Job Work Horseshoeing a Specialty HAZELTON, B, C, ~5 Mines and Mining Good Properties for sale — Cash or on Bond. Development and Assessment Work. Carr Brothers Six Years In This District, Hazelton, B. C. Ft 7d Pt tage And Rd Md il Ha OS For Fine Cigars, Cigarettes and Tobaccos go to G. T. P. Cigar Store and Pool Room Soft Drinks, Confectionery, Books and Magazines Baths In Connection J.B. Brun, Proprietor tat Re tenn etn ee mcs meneame ee iat Public Telephone Hazelton Two-Mile . Taylorville Sealey HAZELTON OFFICE: SLINGER & AYERDE CIGAR STORE Oh nt ee tes ee od dd Pd Bi Draying Ail orders promptly and carefully executed ELC. Stephens Leave your orders at C, F, Willis’ Blacksmith Shop & A. Price Augustine, C. E. British Columbia Land Surveyor Will return to Hazelton about Nov. 1, 191], Orders for land, timber or min- eral claim surveys will be received at the office of Aldous, Robertson & Murray, Hazelton. -? HAZELTON HOSPITAL 2ssves, for any period fram one manth upward at ai per month ih advance, This rate includes office con- sultationa and medicines, as well as al! casts while in the hospital, Tickets obtainable in Hazelton from C. Stephenson and Fred Field; in Alder- mere, from Rav. F. L. Stephenson, or at the Hos- pital from the Medical Superintendent. TOTENS AND THEIR ORIGIN An Authority Tella What the British Columbia Indians Mean When They Carve Their Pictureaque Emblems. “Anthropology is the science of man embracing woman, ac- cording to a lady of fame,’’ said Professor Hill-Tout in a lecture on ‘‘Totemism’’ before the Arts, Historical and Scientifie Associ- tion in Vancouver, but what an- thropologists or ethnologists were, he did not explain. In treating with his subject he stated that the lady who had given the above definition had really been quite correct. In the study of savages, the-women had to be considered as well as the men, “*Totemism,’’ he explained, was another word for religion, and did not signify only the pales people were in the habit of seeing upthe coast, but the whole basis on which the social and religious rites of the Indians were founded. Taking the religious side first, the totem of an Indian or a clan stood for the spiritual being he or they worshipped. They did not bow the knee, so to speak, to the piece of wood, but to the Gad or spirit represented by the figure carved upon it. . When a youth came to the age of puberty he was sent out to the wilderness to find his totem. To do this he went away by himself and fasted, took violent exercise in the way of swimming and run- ning, and so reduced himself toa receptive condition, and then in his sleep he would dream, and the animal or object of which he dreamed would he his totem. The reason that birds, fish, ani- mals, canoes, ete., were so often chosen by them was because they were so intimately connected with them; using them, chasing them and thinking of them, as the case might be, almost every hour of the day, these things would naturally come to them in their dreams. When an Indian was lucky enough to dream of an animal of the chase, he would, in future, according to his idea, be better able to capture it than his brethren, for he himself is part of that animal, and his totem, being the spirit of that animal, would assist him to bring it to him. At the same time he, in his turn, had to treat the animal with proper respect. He had to kill it in a certain way, gather its hair and skin and the offal together, and put it into a stream, where it was supposed to be able to come to life again and return to its herd. One of the peculiarities of the American Indian was that he looked at everything dually, giv- ing it a spiritual as well as a bodily existence. They also look- ed on objects and ideas as either hostile or friendly, from which sprang their superstition; they were always fostering the friend- ly things, and trying to get on the right side of the hostile, or (an making the. friendly over- come the hostile, The medicine men or doctors were men who had special com- munion with the good spirits. From the social point of view, the totem played an important “Sash and Door: Factory Hazelton’s New Industry Full stock of all kinds and sizes of Window Sash, Doors, Office Fixtures, Interior Finishings on hand or Made to Order, Large stock of Lumber and Building Materi- als, Tinsmithing, Plimbing and Steamfittng. Job and Shop Work a Specialty. Plans and Specifications. Stephenson & Crum ‘CONTRACTORS AND BUILDERS "> Hazelton THE OMINECA MINER, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER‘4, 1911. part. It might be of interest to those who held with Evolution to know that the science was traceable amongst the ‘Indians. Following out the idea that the present race of mankind was evolved from a lower species, the savages of both America and Australia had their matriarchal and patriarchal periods. In the first, the father was not consider- ed one of the family; the mother and her offspring constituted what was calledthe family. ‘The father was practically non-ex- istent. With the patriarchal system, the second grade, the father was supreme, and the mother a mere chattel; the next was the combination, wherefather and mother made up the family. Another peculiarity noticeable was that one tribe, the’bears, for instance, could not marry into the bears; they would have to chose from the beavers or some other clan. This was an excellent system, and though the origin of it had puzzled the heads of ethnologists, he thought it was started either as a protective measure against immorality, or with a view to becoming more friendly with another clan. When the matriarchal system was in vogue, the totem was carved with the mother’s or her brother’s emblem. There were three kinds of totems: The commemorative, which was raised in honor of a man likeastatue. The mortuary pole, which was a kind of per- sonal totem of a deceased man, and would show, where he came from and where he had relations. The clan totem represented the father’s totem; in the chief’s place, if it were patriarchal, or the mother’s emblem, if it were matriarchal, When a man decided to build a house, either for hia family or for a whole cian, as was often done in the early days, he im- mediately called the carver, and set him to work to earve the front of the house with his totem. Some of these houses were from 60 to 90-feet broad and from 100 to 800 feet long. One was known to be 900 feet long and. 60 feet wide, “In these a whole clan would live. Britain’s New Battleship ‘ Great Britain’s largest and best armored battleship King George VY, has been launched success- fully. The King George V has been on the stocks two weeks less than the average Dread- naught, having been laid down on January 16 last. The vessel has a displacement of 28,000 and her principal dimensions. ara: Length 555 feet, beam 89, draft 271-2. The armament consists of 13.5 inch guns and twenty- four 4-inch guns, Engines of 81,000 horsepower are expected to furnish a speed of 21 knots an hour, British Columbia Gold _ From the gold-producing stand- point, the present year promises to show a marked increase for all parts of the province, Although the annual clean-ups have yet to he made for 1911, fully one million dollars’ worth of fine gold have been received at the Domin- ion assay office at Vancouver to date. Of this amount the Koote- nay district has contributed $200, - 000; Cariboo, $300,000; Atlin, $800,000; Yukon, $100,000, and probably another $100,000 from Alberta, the Skeena and Vancou- yer Island. The big returns for the year will'not be available for some weeks, Arctic Explorers Lost A message received at Copen- hagen from Greenland says that Knud Rasmussen, the Danish ex- plorer, failed to discover any traces of Captain Elmar Mikkel- sen and his companions, who after having been rescued on the 1 | coast of East Greenland last year, | } .- left their party to search . for! traces of the lost-explorer, Erich- sen. Rakmussen expresses the fear that Mikkelsen and his party . have perished, Freuhen; another Danish’ oi- plorer, who accompanied Rasmus- sen, obtained from Cook's Esqui- maux assistant, Etukishuk, the box which Cook alleged contained the instruments and papers which would prove his polar discovery claims, The box contains only a broken sextant and other instruments, but no papers. According to Fruehen, Etukishuk said that Cook’s story of the trip to the Pole was absolutely untrue. CANCELLATION OF RESERVE. NOTICE is hereby given that the reserve exlat- ing on vacant Crown lands in Range 5, Coast Diat- rict, nolfee of which, benring date of May 25th, 1910, was published in the British Columbia Gazatts of May 26th, 1910, is cancelled imi sofar as thesame relates to the lands surveyed n 137. 1800, 1859, 1894, 2507, 2508, District. f . Deputy Minister of Lands, Department of Lands, Victoria, B, G., Aug. 16, 1911. n-30 CANCELLATION OF RESERVE. Notice is hereby given that the reserves esta- blished over vacant Crown lands in Ranges 4 and |” 56, Coast District, by notices hearing dates ra- spectively of December 17th, 1908, May fith, 1910, and May 26, 1910, which were published in the British Columbia Gazette in the iasuea of Decem- ber 17th, 1908, May 12th, 1910, and May 26th, 1910, are cancelled in so far as the same relates to the lands surveyed as Lots 887, $88, 532, 533, 504, 686, 538, 637, 698, 599, 640, 541, LITL, 1112, 1128, 1114, 1116, 1416, 1117, 1138, 1219, 1120, 2121, and 1122 allin range 4, Conat District; and lota 4028, 4029, 4090, 4031, 8022a, 8030, 303ta, 3049, 3044, 8594, 41933, and 4934, all in range 6, Coast Distric t. Lands Department. R. A. Renwiek, ° Victoria, B.C, Deputy Minister of Lands, October 11, 1911, CANCELLATION OF RESERVE, NOTICE Is hereby given that the reserve exist- ing on vacant lands of the Crown, notice of which ‘wag published in the British Columbia Gazette in tha issue of May 6th, 1910, and bearing data af May 5th, 1910, is cancelled in so far as tha same relates to the lands surveyed as Lote 2317, 2318, 2319, 2320, 2321, 2322, 2923, 2324, 2425, 2826, 2327, 2329, 2330, 2331, 2332, 2334, 235, 2036, 2307, 2339, 2241, E42, 2343, 2047, 2348, 2048a, 2049, 2350, 2358, 2269, 2408, $113, 3114, 9115, 3116, 3127, 3118, 9119, 3120, 3121, 3122, 3123, 3124, 9125, 3126, S127, 8128, 3129, 9190, 3151, 8132, 3153, 3154, 4195, $136 $137, 2198, 3199, 8140, S141, 8142, F142a, 3143, Sldd, 3146, 3146, 8147, $148, 8248a, 9249, 3150, 31861, SLB, 9153, 3164, 3165, S150, 8157, 9158, 3169, 3160, $161, 8162, 3163, 3164, 8165, S1éd, 3167, 8168, $169, $170, 3171, 3172, 8178, 3174, 3176, 8176, 8177, 3178, 9179, 3184, 2187, 8187 and £183, Ranga 6, Coast District, ROBERT A, RENWICK, Deputy Minister of Landa. Department of Lands, Victoria, B, Cu Aug. 16, WIL. CANGELLATION OF RESERVE. NOTICE is hereby given that the reserves exist- | ing over vacant Crown lands in Ranges 4 and 6, it District, notices of which, bearing dates of May 6th, 1910 and May 26th, 1916, respectivly, wera published in the issues af the ‘British Columbia Gazette of May bth and May 26th, 1910, are cancell- | @ ed in go far as phe same relates to lands surveyed 39, 720, 781, TULA, 792, 783, , 831, 862, 893, 854, 866, }, 867, 868, B71, 872, S74, 1168, 1169, 1160, 1164, 1186, 1466, ‘tion 1163, 1189, 467, 468, 847, 1174, 1176, 1182, 1189, 1191, 1192, 12014, 1188, 1287, 1150, ‘782, 7 163, Tad, 781, 780, 313, T77A, 70 and 1186, all in Range 4, Coast District; and Lots 21884, 1020, 1023 8814 mee 3826, all in Range 6, Coast District, ROBERT A. RENWICK, Deputy Minister of Lands, Department of Lands. Victoria, B.C. Aug. 16, J 011, Latest and Silver. High grade watches. Watch Repairing, O. A. RAGSTAD, Hazelton “Everythingin Canavs”’ Prince Rupert Tent and Awning Co. Prince Rupert, 8.C. Phillips & Lindquist Builders and Contractors Plana and Rpecifentions, Store and Office Fixtures a Specialty. P. O, box 812 * Hazelton Stephenson & Crum Undertakers and Faneral Directors Special attention to Shipping Cases HazELTOoN, B, C. Hotel Premier Prince Rupert It is the -best place to stay, European and - American plan. Electric lights, hot and cold Yun- ning water on every. floor. No extra charge for bath, oi oars. Rates: $1 to $3. pei day , . Fred W, Henning, manager n-30 \ n-30| fl jewelry Novelties in Gold ’ Ready for Bulling i in the New Town DRY LUMBE Get prices from us before you build in New Hazelton. are ready with the goods We. ‘Interior Lumber Company Hazelton Omineca Hotel . Hazelton @ This hotel is headquarters for all mining and commercial 1 men | visiting Omineca district. ~ “Good Sample Booms Baths and Barber Shop Hot and Cold Water People‘ desiring to visit Bulkley Valley and points south may travel by the Bulkley Valley Stage, which leaves this hotel for Alder- mere and Telkwa every Tuesday and Friday, \ J.C. K. Sealy, Prop. /MEN’S WEAR that gives Satisfaction, and Reliable Boots and Shoes - are Specialties at ~ LARKWORTHY 'S STORES - Hazelton and Sealey INTERIOR FORWARDING. EXPRESS (0. HAZELTON, BC. q Stage leaves every Friday and every Tuesday moming at 8 o'clock for Aldermere and Telkwa. Returning, leaves Aldermere and Telkwa Tuesday and Friday arriving here Wednesday and Saturday at noon. Horses for hire for private parties. Horses, Oats, Wheat and Bran for sale. E. E. Charleson, Manager Fairban ks-Morse Gasoline Donkey The lightest, most compact hoisting apparatus obtainable No Licensed Operator Required Used by the Dominion and Pro- vinciat Governments : : ‘. Can be also used to pump water; daw wood or clear land Largest stock of Gasoline Engines and Machinery west tof. Montreal For particulars write, The Canadian Faisbanks- Morse Co, Ld. 101-107. Water St. ooo Vancouver B. ion The Omineta Miner 3 ce $2. a ear