Soviet ‘space
flight marks

new advance

Continuing its program of
‘storming outer space,’ which
started with the first Soviet sa-
cellite of the earth 12 years ago,
the USSR took another step

forward with the successful si-
multaneous fight of three space-

ships with seven cosmonauts
aboard, which has greatly ad-
vanced the building of large re-
search laboratories in space.

Crews of spaceships Soyuz-6,
Soyuz-7 and Soyuz-8 observed
and photographed cloud forma-
tions and cyclones, the moon
and stars against the horizon
and assessed the luminosity of
the earth on its dark and lighted
sides. They checked the func-
tioning of automatic and manual
control systems and the possi-
bility of manual orientation us-
ing an optical sight in twilight
and in the earth’s shadow.

Writing in Krasnaya Zvezda,
Dr. N. Kazakov declared tests
made by the ‘trio” proved “elec-
tronic-beam and diffusion weld-
ing appear to be the most effec-
tive in outer space. There is a
natural super-high vacuum and
solar energy can be used to heat
up parts.”

Further studies were made of
the effects of space flight on the
human organism, and of the in-
fluence of micrometeorite ero-
sion on the conditon of port-
holes and optical systems of the
ships.

“It is perfectly clear now that
to create large orbital stations
it is expedient to use for the
nucleus an already tested ‘moth-
er’ ship such as the Soyuz, and
after that to send up into orbit
the separate units to be joined
to it,” Soviet engineer D. Vladi-
mirov writes. “It will be pos-
sible to use relatively small-size
transport craft, each of which
can be used for many flights, to

La TRACT TTT TT | TT TOT TTT ATT TT

Members of the three Soviet space ships SOYUZ-6, SOYUZ-7 and SOYUZ-8 prior to their feat

in outer space visited the Kremlin, were photographed together before a statue of V. I. Lenin. The
“space brethren” are, left to right, Viadimir Shatalov, who commanded the three-ship expedition, Victor
Gorbatko, Valeri Kubasov, Anatoli Filipchenko, Alexei Yeliseyev, Vladislav Valkov, Georgi Shonin.

deliver the necessary materials
and space assemblymen to the
constructional orbit.”

Forecasting greater but not
exclusive use of automatic
means in further research, he
said- this was less costly than
manned stations, and moreover,
the risks to human life are still
very great. “However, the pres-
ence of researchers in the orbital
station-laboratory will make it
possible to control with much
greater reliability the work of
on-board equipment, and to
carry out the most sophisticated
experiments, for the human
brain, which is capable of mak-
ing generalizations, remains the
most reliable logical arrange-
ment.”

Space stations will be a neces-
sity for missions to other plan-
ets. Spacecraft launched from
such a platform will not have to
overcome gravity, and much
more room will therefore be
available on the ship for crew
supplies and equipment for a
long voyage.

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Cosmonaut Georgi Shonin at home with his wife Lydia, daughter

Nina and son Andrei.

 PACIHE-TRIBUNE-OCTOBER 24, 1969—Page 10

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|

Soviet cosmonauts Georgi Beregovoy (left) and Konstantin Feoktistov (right) receiv
come from U.S. spaceman Frank Borman (centre) who establi
his recent visit to the U.S.S.R. Soviet guests visited the Mann
to Los Angeles, Detroit and other points of interest in the

ploration of the moon next month were announced this week.

V. Gorbatko, V. Volkov and A. Filipchenko pictured working with a camera on
during the flight.

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U.S. American plans to carry on f

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Seven socialist
lands launch
joint sputnik

The latest sputnik launch!
in the U.S.S.R., Intercosmos ‘
is the joint undertaking of Seine
socialist countries in Euro ad
a program for research vi
utilization of outer space

eaceful purposes. ;
: The eManire which is stud
ing ultra-violet and X-ray ‘i mA
ation of the sun and its effe¢ i
the structure of the earths 4
per atmosphere, is equ ie
with scientific instruments Pie
in the German Democrati¢ the
public, Czechoslovakia am tive
Soviet Union, and an execl the
group of specialists from
above three countries }§
trolling its flight.

Simultaneously — with
ures on board Interco
Soviet, Bulgarian, Hung’.
Polish, Czechoslovak, % a1
and Rumanian observatories
conducting radio - astro a
ionosphere and optical ob
tion in a coordinated pros

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shed a close friendship with them will 9
ed Spacecraft Centre at Houston oy.

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