Ai4 - The Terrace Standard, Wednesday, October 5, 1994

Leave

CONSERVATION-MINDED
mushroom pickers should leave
low-grade, wormy ’shrooms in
the bush, says one researcher.

Fidel Fogarty said scientists
don’t yet know enough about the
pine mushroom.

But they’re convinced some
mushrooms must be left to drop
spores if the mushroom patch is
to stay healthy.

“The spore stage is essential
somewhere in the life cycle,’’
says Fogarty.

It’s best to just leave the No, 5
and No. 6 grade mushrooms
where they grow, although he
conceded many pickers will bury
or smash the mushrooms to hide
the patch from others.

“Burying them isn’t too bad,’’
he said. “Throwing them against
the tee probably isn’t going to
work.”

Fogarty predicted it will be in-
creasingly difficult to get people
to pass over the poorer grade
mushrooms.

“There's going to be people
over the next decade figuring out
how to kill the insects,’ he said.
“People will be trying to make
use of the older mushrooms,”

That would put the wide-open,
lower grade mushrooms in more
demand for drying.

That concems Fogarly because
researchers don’t know enough
yet about what role the insects
play.

“The insects may tum out to be
important in disseminating the
spores,”’ he explained.

Fogarty says he welcomes ideas
for more research into the pine
mushroom.

“There’s almost unlimited
potential for further study of pine
mushrooms,’” he said,.

Pickers with information, ideas
or questions can call him at 886-
0556.

Fungus
grown in
laboratory

By JEFF NAGEL
BOOSTER SHOTS for ailing
mushroom patches could be the
prescription of researchers study-
ing the pine mushroom.

Mycologist Fidel Fogarty says
he has successfully grown the
mycelium of the pine mushroom
in his lab,

The mycelium is the thin layer
of the fungus that exists beneath
the moss. It’s the main body of a
mushroom patch —- mushrooms
are just the fruit it occasionally
pushes up.

The pine mushroom, or #at-
sutake, is believed to be one of
the mycorrhizal fungi —
mushrooms that need a close rela-
tionship with surrounding trees to
survive,

“Tt will only survive when it
has established this relationship
with a host,’ Fogarty explained.

The mycelium grows around
and actually penetrates the roots
of the trees, Fogarty says.

It’s a symbiotic relationship that
benefits both the trees and the
mushrooms.

Once attached, Fogarty ¢x-
plains, the fungus acts like an ex-
tension of the root system, in-
creasing the roots’ absorption by
up to 10,000 times.

Tn addition to providing the tree
with water, the fungus also passes
on nilrogen and phosphorous,

In return it gets sugars that the
tree —— generates through
photosynthesis.

Fogarty thinks he may be able
to inoculate tree seedlings with
the mycelium he has grown. The
planted seedlings could then grow
into adult trees with attached
colonies of pine mushrooms,

That’s already done with other
species of mushrooms when sce-
dlings are grown for reforesta-
tion.

Mushroom rescarch has proven
to be key to the survival of young
secdlings, he added.

Not only docs the mycelium of
a fungus act like a sponge to cx-
tend the root sysicm, il also pro-
tects the tree from disease.

Inoculating seedlings with
mycorrhizal fungi is now credited
with dramatically improved sur-
vival rates of planted seedlings.

Now that he’s grown pine
musbroom spores into mycelium
on petri dishes, Fogazty wants to
see if he can successfully inocu-
late seedlings with it.

“We've successfully grown
both the trees and the fungus.
Now the job is to put them to-
gether,” Fogarty sald.

The possibility of lange scale
use of artificially grown mat-

Cont’d page A1S

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LEAVE ir BEHIND: Wormy & 45 or #6 Tmushrooms pay “aimost t nothing and could help maintain
patches if left in the woods, says a mushroom researcher studying the pine mushroom. Low-grade
mushrooms that shouldn't be picked are fully opened with flared-up caps.

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