US. fans wa

merican unperialism’s at-

tempts to fan the flames
of war in the boraer dispute
between China and India, in
the interests of U.S. aims to
tighten its grip over India,
are revealed in the prompt
shipment of U.S. arms to In-
dia and the expressed expec-
tation of the U.S.. that the
border dispute will “esculate”’
into all-out war.

The New York Times re-
ported on Nov. 23: “Despite
the (Chinese) ceasefire .. . the
United States is gearing its
long-range planning to the
possibility that hostilities may
resume, may continue for a
long time and may become an
all-out war.”

Along with arms the US.
has sent a special military
‘mission, headed by Assistant
Secretary of State Averill
Harriman, to map war strate-
gy and offer further huge sup-
plies of armament to India.

DRDER DISPUTE; —

t flames in Himalayas

hostility between China and
India extend back before In-
dia launched its offensive
against China on Oct. 20. This
is indicated by statements of
leading American  spokes-
men.

In a television interview in
Washington last June 9, act-
ing chairman Sparkman of
the U.S. Senate foreign com-
mittee said:

“We know right now that
India is pressing very hard
against Communist China...
I feel we ought not to be dis-
couraging India at the very
time she is moving in the dir-
ection that we have been
wanting her to ii for a
long time.”

In early August of this
year, when the Chinese gov-
ernment proposed speedy ne-
gotiations on the China-India
boundary question, U.S. am-
bassador to India, John Ken-
neth Galbraith, openly ex-
pressed Washington’s ‘full

But U.S. aims to foment

By DANIEL MASON
U.S. Worker

HE mystery about the initia-

tion of the Cuba crisis was
deepened recently with the reve-
lation that the Pentagon had
poised all of the U.S. atomic war-
power for attack on the Soviet
Union four days before President
Kennedy had ever sat-down with
hig advisers to discuss the Cuban
missile situation and six days
before he set up the naval block-
ade over ‘offensive’ weapons in
Cuba.

The Pentagon has revealed that
it had ordered a maximum alert
for all its missile bases and
bomber personnel and a_ total
mobilization of 339,000 military
men for an immediate invasion
of Cuba and an attack on the
Sovet Union on Oct. 16. This was
four days before President Ken-
nedy had returned from an elec-

tioneering jaunt, pleading a
“cold,” but later letting it be

known that it was the impending
Cuban crisis that had brought his
unscheduled return.

The question arises as to where
the impetus came for the crisis
which, but for the calm and re-
sponsibility of the Soviet Union,
might have touched off a thermo-
nuclear holocaust.

Would President Kennedy have ~

taken off the next day, Oct. 17,
for a normal political tour of
Connecticut to help his friend,
Abraham Ribicoff, if he were
aware that the nation’s atomic
firepower was poised for an all-
out war?

“Here's where it hurts coat
—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Page 2

Pentagon sent
missile alert
before crisis

Did the Pentagon chiefs and
the atomaniacs infesting the State
Department, in their hopeful
eagerness for a military con-
frontation with the Soviet Union,
confront the President and other
advisers with an accomplished
fact in the “maximum war
alert?”

After all, the President as-
serted later that it was _ only
after he and his advisers had
been informed of firm evidence
of Soviet missiles buildup in
Cuba at the Oct. 20 White House
meeting he had decided on em-
ergency mobilization.

In hig address to the nation,
Monday evening, Oct. 22, the
President declared:

“Upon receiving the first pre-
liminary hard information of this
nature (about missiles in Cuba
—D.M.) last Tuesday morning at
9 a.m. I directed that our sur-
veillance be stepped up.”

But it wag on that very same
day, Oct. 16 that the Pentagon
began its all out war mobiliza-
tion, which included an order ‘to
the Strategic Air Command that
“upgraded individual missile al-
‘erts to a maximum and required
work schedules of more than 70
hours a week for all personnel
concern

During ‘this period also, 100,-
000 soldiers in five of the eight
Strategic Reserve Army Corps
divisions were put on a war foot-
ing. In addition, mobilization was
ordered of 125,000 men of the Stra-
tegic Air Command, including
100,00 assigned to aircraft, mis-
siles and armament, and 20,000
security police and 6,000 refuel-
ing specialists. Also 85,000 Navy
men in 183 ships, including 8
aircraft carriers.

ALREADY IN MOTION

But this had already been set
into motion before the President’s
Oct. 22 speech, in which he as-
serted that it had been ag the
result of the ‘‘evidence’”’ adduced
at his Oct. 20 conference that he
had ‘‘directed the armed forces

-to prepare for any eventualities.”’

The Pentagon announcement re-
cently of its “‘maximum alert’
the week before the Cuban crisis
was artificially exploded, makes
even clearer the peril of world
destruction that was barely avert-

See PENTAGON, page 10.

sympathy” with India on the
boundary issue.

U.S. ENCOURAGES INDIA

The Indian paper Tribune
reported that “American ad-
vice is that India should be
firm, and, if necessary, enter
into hostilities, in the belief
that China’s power of resist-
ance today is at its lowest.”

The U.S. showed a keen in-
terest in India’s general elec-
tions last February, which
saw some strengthening of
those forces in Nehru’s Con-
gress Party who support the
big Indian capitalists and
landowners. In addition the
number of seats won by the
Swatantra Party, represent-
ing the big bourgeoisie and
the big landlords, was more
than doubled.

In recent years, according

_ to Peking Review, the U.S.

has accumulated more than
one billion rupees in Indian
currency by dumping USS.
farm produce on the Indian
market and has used this
money to buy over the big
bourgeoisie in India and to
carry on a variety of political
activities.

The U.S. showed particular
interest in the constituency of
North Bombay, contested by
former Indian Defense Minis-
ter Krishna Menon who had
long been objected to by
Washingten.

The weekly  English-lan-
guage Indian paper Blitz re-
ported on Feb. 17 that “it can
be stated with confidence that
the government of India have
reasons to believe that the
money which is poured in
North Bombay to scuttle Neh-
ru is AMERICAN MONEY.”

Menon has since been oust-
ed from his post as defense
minister by pressure from the
war advocates in the Indian
government.

U.S. PENETRATION

Behind this evidence of
growing U.S. interference in
India, however, lie other indi-
cators of increased American
economic penetration into In-

Pte Aug. 17, 1962 issue of
Peking Review reports the
following:

“One thing is worthy of
note: since India’s anti-Chin-
ese campaigns. began, U.S.
‘aid’ has been pouring into
that country. According to a
report to the Indian parlia-
ment made by India’s Finance
Minister Desai on March 14
this year, ‘aid’ for India. pro-
vided by the United States
and U.S.-controlled _ interna-
tional financial institutions
amounts to a total of 22,290
million rupees.

“Together with that part of
U.S. ‘aid’ not included in De-
sai’s report but promised by
the United States and _ the
World Bank in May last year
for the first two years of In-
dia’s third five-year plan, the
total amounts to 28,170 mil-
lion rupees, or an equivalent
of U.S. $5,630 million -

“Also worthy of note is the
fact that between 1947 and
1959, that is, in the 12 years
from the day of India’s inde-
pendence to the time when In-
dia started its anti-Chinese
campaigns, ‘aid’ to India from
the United States and U-S.-
controlled international insti-
tutions amounted to less than
$2,000 million, but in the
short span~ of the ensuing
thiee y2arg and more,
‘aid’ registered a sharp in-
crease of about $4,000 million.
So the more anti-Chinese In-
dia is, the greater is the in-
crease in U.S. ‘aid’.”

Peking Review also reports
that foreign investments in
India have increased by 150
percent between 1948 and
1960, while the number of en-
terprises jointly owned by In-
dian monopoly capital and
foreign capital has grown rap-
idly to reach a total of 1,240
in March of this year.

“From 1948 to 1959,” re-
ports the review, “British is-
vestments in India doubled
but U.S. investments increas-
ed seven times. From 1948 to
1960-61, the proportion of In-

this

dia’s imports from Britain di
creased from 22.8 to 19.8 per
cent, while the U.S. share
creased from 16 to 27 percent
(not including the grains im-
ported from the Unite
States), thereby surpassi
Britain.” :

“These facts prove,”’ con
ues Peking Review, “that e
nomically India has not fre
itself from dependence on in
perialism. What is differe
from the past is that U.S
perialism is gradually takin
over British imperialism
monopoly position in Indi
PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT

Recently Chinese Forelg
Minister Chen Yi_ said
would be most dangerous !
the Indian government shoult
continue to act in accordance
with the desires of U.S. 1
perialism._

The attempt of Ameri¢
imperialism to “tie India_
its war chariot,’ so tight
ing its control over the cou
ry, met with the opposition
the people of India and oth'
Asian countries, He said. —

Calling on the Indian g
ernment to return to the c0
ference table and to the fi
principles of peaceful coexist
ence and Chinese - Indi
friendship, he said: ‘““We §
cerely hope the ceasefi
which has been effected will
become the starting point of #
peaceful settlement of
Sino-India border question.

Stated the Peking Revie
“The Chinese governme
and people are firmly
vinced that there is no re&
son whatever for China ape
India to cross swords P
there is every reason for thé
to be friends throughout
ages.

“Such friendship, even
disturbed temporarily, W"
eventually be restored ai
continue to develop. Utt
failure inevitably awal
those imperialists and rea”

flicts between China ang
dia.”

circle the Soviet Union.

Okinawa, Spain.

This map, published in U.S. News and
World Report, shows how U.S. bases en:
Not all missile
bases are shown — for example: Turkey,
For many years the
peoples of the Soviet Union have lived un-‘

sive”.

der this constant danger.
published by the New York Times calls
this encirclement.
blasts Soviet rockets in Cuba as “offen”

A similar maP

“defensive, while ee