“0nths ‘over

aSULILULTE IT Mt nt net nT

Questions on the

E Nine Point Peace Pro-
8ram adopted by the Second

World Peace Congress at War-
Saw last November and sent as
an Appeal to the United Nations,
1 being discussed by tens of
millions of people in every coun-
{ry in the world. In Canada the
Points have become the basis for
‘cussion around the calling of a

ational Assembly to Save Peace,
°y the Canadian Peace Congress,

in Toronto, April 7-8.

The magazine Peace: A World
‘Neview, organ of the World
ace Council, answers some of
the questions arising out of this
World-wide’ discussion:
e

What is real extent
of bombing in Korea?

“We demand the cessation of
hostilities, the withdrawal from
rea of forcing armies . . .”
(Point 1, the address of the World
Peace Congress to the UN, the
Nine-Point Program for Peace.)

“In view of the fact that all
Onest men, regardless of their
Political ‘views, regard the ruth-
“SS mass destruction of civilian
Populations in Korea as a crime
a cinst humanity, we demand
at a competent international
court be appointed to examine the
“times committed during the war
‘. Korea, and in particular the

/Westion of General MacArthur.”

(Point ¢ of Nine-Point Program.)
ok ee

T= American General Emmett

O'Donnel, before leaving Tokyo

the United States declared, on

Peery 18 that U.S. air forces

ad dropped over Korea 43,000

°N8 of bombs, with “maximum
results,”

for

Forty-three thousand tons of
®mbs since June 25 of last year
UN as is, in seven months — is
oar fl thousand more tons than
cok dropped on Germany in the
. Ole of 1942 — ‘that is to say’
an were dropped in twelve
Hy an area about three
no as big. A simple calculation
aae that bombing in Korea till
ine has been about five times as
ibn as that of Germany in.

Tea On January 12 U.S. News
d@ World Report in a leading

&rticle Notes: >»

be ‘Attacks by air are certain to
Stepped up, Airmen are to be

chy & chance to show what they
‘An 2° +. The number of both |
ir Fo

ree and Navy carrier-based
A

‘other nations.

Tin |

Nine Points

PTE Ht ee bad

“planes will be increased in this

phase of the war in Korea.”
People are asking: is this just
the beginning? What of the other
countries in and around which
American bases have been set up?

Is rearming Germany

and Japan illegal?

“We categorically dqdondemn
every move made and measure
taken, violating the international
agreements which forbid the re-
armament of Germany and Jap-
an.” (Point 2.

* * *

IRST, the Potsdam agreements

ban any rearmament and re-
militarization of Germany. They
emphasize the necessity of ach-
ieving complete disarmament and
demilitarization of Germany and
the liquidation or control of any
German industry which might be,
utilized for war production. They
were signed by the representa-
tives of the United States, Great
Britain and the Soviet Union, and

‘ratified by the French govern-

ment.

Second, the present Japanese
constitution excludes! for all time
the existence of Japanese armed
forces. This proviso was imposed
on demand of the USA after the

~ defeat of Japan.

The rearmament of Germany

and Japan is:therefore plainly in

contradiction with the interna-
tional agreements entered into by
the Allied powers at the time of
their victory.

Do internal disorders
in any country justify
armed intervention by
another country?

“We consider it necessary to
expose the attempts made by the
supporters of aggression to con-
fuse the very meaning of what
constitute aggression and to in-
tervene, under one pretext or an-'
other, in the internal affairs of
e declare that
no political, strategic or economic
considerations, no ground deriv-
ing from the international situa-

. tion or any interna! conflict in one

or another state, can justify arm-
ed intervention by any other
state. That state commits the
crime of aggression which first
employs armed force under any

‘

pretext whatever, against An-
other state.”

* * ea$

RTICLE 1, paragraph 2 of the
UN Charter states that among
the purposes of the United Na-
tions is “To develop friendly re-
lations among nations based on
respect for the principle of equal
rights and self-determination of
peoples, .. .”

Further, paragraph 7 of Article

‘2 states that “Nothing contained

in the present Charter shall auth-
orize the United Nations to inter-
vene in matters) which are essen-
tially. within the domestic juris-
diction of any state ....”

The definition on aggression
made by the Second Peace Con-
gress and addressed to the United *
Nations is thus in complete con-
formity with the Charter which
bans interference in the internal
affairs of another country.

What peaceful .
advantages would

be obtained by an
armaments reduction?

t
“The Seaond World Peace Con-
gress, mindful of-its responsibility
to the peoples, appeals, with equal
earnestness, to the great powers
and calls upon them to launch,
during the years 1951 and 1952, a
gradual, simultaneous and similar-
ly proportioned reduction of all
land, sea and air armed forces of
fiom one third to one half of their
present size.” (Point 7.)
* x *
ERE is an example of what
such a reduction would give to
the United States: Military expen-
diture envisaged at the time of
Truman’s last report( war budget,
atomic energy, military aid over-
seas, etc.) approximately $61 bil-
lion.
One third reduction equals ap-

é

prox. $20 billion, or
6,600,000 apartments
45,000 schools
7,500 hospitals
13,000,000 automobiles
Great Britain: Present military
expenditure: approx. $3,900 mil-
lion.
One third reduction equals $1,-
300 million, or
173,000 apartments
3,000 schools
500 hospitals
865,000 automobiles
France: Annual military expen-
diture approx. $3,600 million.
One third reduction equals $1,-
200 million, or
160,000 apartments
2,600 “schools
460 hospitals
. 800,000 automobiles
For thi8 year alone a one third
reduction in. military budgets
would allow a suit to be given
away free to over 500 million
people—a quarter of the world’s
population.

Where does World
Peace Council stand
in relation to UN?

“The World Peace Council shall
be a body embracing representa-
tives of all the peoples of the

_world, those within the United

Nations and those not yet rep-
resénted therein, and also coun-
tries still dependent and colonial.
. .” (Point 9.)
* * *

‘HE World Peace Council, there-
fore, represents all the peoples
of the earth. It is the highest
world instance. It is much wider
than the UN in which 475 million
Chinese as well as the colonial
peoples of Africa and Asia are not
represented.

Because it represents all peo-
ples, the World Council extends
its activity to all peoples. This
activity is being felt at the mo-
ment even in “the UN Assembly
where the American “majority”
is beginning to break up, with
the governments of many coun-
tries obliged to express the grow-
ing resistance of their peoples to
the mad demand of the U.S. for
sanctions against hina. Thus
the World Peace Council can
bring the [UN back to the appli-
cation of the principles of inter-
national justice set forth in the
Charter.

The World Peace Council, sup-
ported by the peoples’ will, can
and must impose the conditions
of a just and lasting peaee.

By RALPH PARKER

t the last meeting of ‘the
y present session, the ‘Su-°
preme Soviet of the Soviet Un-
ion unanimously adopted alaw
for the protection of peace
proposed by Chairman of the
Soviet Peace Committee, Nik-
olai Tikhonoy. The law makes
all propaganda for a new war
and undermining the cause of
peace a criminal offence of
grave nature.

In the preamble the law re-
fers to war propaganda car-
ried on in some countries
which it states is in contrast
to the Soviet policy of peace
and international cooperation.
Thus, the highest legislative
organ of the Soviet Union: has
responded to the appeal laun-
ched at the Second World
Peace Congress at. Warsaw
last November.

The importance the Soviet
Government attaches to the
new law was shown by the
presence in the XKremlin’s

USSR adopts 2

& i

PREMIER J. V. STALIN |
He was present when the

Supreme Soviet adopted a law
for protection of peace,

great hall of Marshall Stalin.

The British and American
embassies were not represent-
ed in the diplomatic gallery.

eace law

Earlier United States ambas-
sador Allan Kirk informed the
British ambassador that he did
not intend to follow the usual
custom of sending a diplomatic
representative to the final ses-
sion and several American
satellites obeyed the crack of
the whip. ,

.

Tikhonov spoke im strong
terms of the war hysteria
reigning in Britain and other
lands, But there was a rising»
movement, h e sai d, against
war and against the cost of
preparing for war.

Among those who spoke in
support of the new law were
journalist Konstantin Simonoy
om behalf of the group of depu-
ties representing Smolensk,
Bryansk and other districts
which suffered most grievous-
He de-
livered a passionate speech

ly from the last war.

closing with the words: “Peace
can be saved.”

PACIFIC TRIBUNE — MARCH 23, 1951 — PAGE 5