TORTURES EXPOSED IN SOUTH AFRICA CAPETOWN: New facts about brutal tortures, being used by the Outh African police against political prisoners, have come to light th € current session of parliament. Early this week Representa- ve Taylor of the United Party reported that 13 political prisoners ad died recently of tortures. Ha ee prisoner, K. Harone, died after being tortured eight hours 1 to y for 76 straight days. Taylor said the government has refused , © Start any investigation of the case. DET FRENCH COMPANY GETS AUTO DEAL WITH USSR Rar aOlT: A top official of the U.S. Department of Commerce, aks B. Scott, has attacked the recent squelching by Defense * ty Laird of Ford Motor’s proposed participation in building eS Oviet truck plant. He said this has deeply offended the socialist _ ‘Ountries, Scott, a deputy assistant secretary of commerce, said the Soviet Mion is building its truck plant anyway, “and it does not make a d Bamed bit of difference whether Ford helps; it may be a little 4 Wer, but the Soviet Union is going to do it.” val €nault, the French auto manufacturer, now has this contract ed at $130 million. CON WHITE MERCENARIES CAUGHT IN GUINEA S capty AKRY: President Ahmad Sekou Toure has announced the # tio Te of a group of terrorists, who as part of a counter-revolu- if nary network were killing people and preparing the way for a i) OUP d'état. + Cui c group infiltrated the country from the Portuguese colony of : oo (Bissau) where they have been trained under the direction ee Schramm, whose atrocities in 1967, as leader of the white Cenaries in the Congo, made him notorious. ~oUure said Schramm’s camp contains many of the white mercen- : '8€ria on the side of Biafra. PARI SAIGON EDITOR ASSAILS U.S. Tin S S—Ngo Kong Duc, director of Saigon s largest newspaper, ence hang, ignored-a government warning and held a news confer- here in which he attacked what the U.S. is doing in Vietnam. said © most cherished desire of the people of South Vietnam, he is to have American and other foreign troops withdrawn and Rolie ended immediately. He called the U.S. “Vietnamization” a Cy a “continuation of the war. Although the United States has Breed to sit down at a conference table in Paris, it does not really he Peace.” Half a million soldiers of the American Army and its ~~ A88, he said, are destroying Vietnamese civilians. Tp, € economic situation is disastrous, Ngo Kong Duc went on. Ke aim of American economic aid to South Vietnam is to make State, Ctnamese people live in full dependence on the United ae Said that an anti-American movement is gaining ground in uth Vietnam. More and more articles in the South Vietnamese SS criticize the United States. The government shut Tin Shang , monte ent times and confiscated its issues 75 times in the last six ots, Lo CHINA REJECTS SOVIET PEACE TREATY NDON — K. C. Thaler, diplomatic correspondent for UPI, re- a Tted he had learned the Soviet Union offered China a non- 88ression pact and China rejected the peace bid out of hand. offer was made during the Sino-Soviet talks in Peking, called discuss Chinese demands for “rectification” of the 4,000-mile pet between the two countries. The Chinese claim sizeable por- AS of Siberia and Mongolia. tina's reported outright refusal of the non-aggression pact fol- h €d an earlier rejection of a Soviet offer of a sizeable loan of dreds of millions of dollars. 0 1 fro ti s PLOT TO KILL ALLENDE SMASHED —-_— Sal ANTIAGO, CHILE: A plot to assassinate Marxist President-elect fo Vadore Allende was exposed on Sept 28 when the police arrested Ting leaders. One of those arrested was Luis Alberto Gutiere, Tivate secretary of Julio Duran, a right-wing senator. The news- Per “Ultima Hora” said that he is an agent of the CIA. ST FINAL SWEDISH ELECTION RESULTS IN th OCKHOLM — Official election returns announced Sept. 29 Wed that the ruling Social Democrats together with the Com- Unist Party will have 180 of the 350 seats in the Riksdag. ab © Social Democrats, led by Premier Olof Palme, enjoyed an Ai Solute majority in the outgoing Riksdag, but won only 163 seats | the present election. It was one of the party’s worst showings ( is 38 years it has ruled Sweden. However, the Social Democrats be kept in power because of the striking gains scored by the | ~mmunists. fl > é INFORMATION BULLETIN #17-18 fi} Included in INFORMATION BULLETIN #17-18 (supple- I}? Ment to WORLD MARXIST REVIEW) are the following: — acomprehensive review of the situation in Portugal and the developing people's offensive; rv} | — the significance of the recent united front victory in s Ceylon; ‘1 | — a speech by Fidel Castro which outlines present prob lems in Cuba; — "the liberals of convenience” by Gus Hall. | Order from Progress Books, 487 Adelaide St. West, Toronto 2B. 10 cents per copy Nes who took part in the Congolese events and later fought in- DEMOCRATIZATION ON THE LAND Land reform a key factor in GDR The 25th anniversary of the democratic land reform is cur- rently being celebrated through- out the German Democratic Re- public. In 1945, soon after the smashing of Hitler fascism, a decree was proclaimed in the province of Saxony, part of the then Soviet zone of occupation. According to that decree the landed property of all war crim- inals, of the nazi organizations and of Hitler’s supporters was to be expropriated without com- pensation. On the basis of decrees issued in 1945 throughout the Soviet occupation zone a total of 4,142 war criminals ‘and some 7,000 landed estate owners were ex- propriated of three million hec- tares. Their land was distributed above all to 232,000. small peas- ants, landless peasants and farm laborers. Six percent of the con- fiscated land was turned into state-owned farms. The land reform became one of the most important prerequi- sites for democratisation on the land, and for a firm alliance of By JAN KATSER Novosty Press Agency correspondent To attend the Leonard Council sitting in the Academy of Pub- lic Sciences’ conference hall in Moscow Evenk Vasili Uvachan -had flown a distance of four thousand miles from Tura, a small town in Northern Siberia, not far from the world pole of cold. Uvachan had devoted more than twenty years to a study of the problems “Socialism and the Small Northern Peoples”, which was covered in his submitted thesis. The Learned Council was unanimous in its vote to award Vasili Uvachan a Doctor of His- tory degree. The thesis of this Evenk, a re- presentative of.a people number- ing a little over twenty thous- ands, refutes the myth of the inferiority of the small peoples. Vasili Uvachan in his thesis analyzed the reasons for the deterioration of the peoples of the North, including the Evenki, before the 1917 October Revolu- tion — starvation, cold, exploit- ation by merchants, ignorance and backwardness. A people that had once populated a vast terri- tory from the Yenisei to the Pacific, a people that had per- haps accounted for the discovery and first settlement of America via the Bering Strait, was dying OutR Lecturing once in Oslo, Vasili Uvachan was asked where he was born. He replied that he couldn’t name the exact geogra- phical spot because the nomad Evenki had no settlements. “The important thing, how- ever, is not the place where I was born,” he then said to his listeners, “but the year of my birth — 1917. The year of the October Revolution that virtual- ly saved our little people from the ashes of history.” The literal meaning of “Ev- . enk” is “in front of the deer’. The entire life of the Evenki and their two only professions, if one may so refer to them— deer breeding and hunting — were associated with that ani- the working class, the leading force’ of the new society, with the peasants. The new anti-fascist and democratic administration im- mediately introduced a compre- hensive program for aid to the farmers, which included _ the building of more than 145,000 houses and 300,000 stables and barns. The new farmers were given more than 3,000 million marks in credits at the favorable rate of three percent interest. State-owned and cooperative trading organizations introduced a system of buying farming pro- duce at fixed prices. There was a compulsory minimum which farmers had to sell at fixed prices in order to assure public supplies in the first post-war years. MUTUAL AID Any surplus over and above the fixed minimum the farmers were allowed to sell on the pri- vate market for higher prices. This encouraged farmers to in- crease their yields. VASILI UVACHAN mal. Now there are workers, and doctors, and engineers, and teachers among the Evenki. This small northern people today has a literature of its own. The fol- lowing are an indication of the cultural level of the Evenki, a people entirely . illiterate in the past: eight hundred and sixty- nine magazines and newspapers are subscribed to in the Evenki National Okrug per 1000 of po- pulation; the Okrug’s libraries boast 15 books per capita; last year every Evenk had seen 44 films on an average. Vasili Uvachan is the first Doctor of Sciences from among the peoples of the Far North. The road he traversed is typical of the Soviet intellectual from among the northern peoples. He was the first of 10 Evenki who attended the first in the area Evenki school run by the first here Russian teachers, who taught using an ABC she had hand-written herself. This ABC was not read but only listened to, since there was only one copy. : Vasili Uvachan was one of the first to leave his native land for Leningrad to study at the Insti- tute of the Peoples of the North and then, after working several years, defended a thesis for a Master’s degree in history. Now Vasili Uvachan is work- ing in Tura, capital of the Even- In the difficult: post-war years the farmers founded a mutual aid society which soon had 600,000 members. Its main task was to organize the assistance of older farmers for the new ones, of large farmsteads for small ones. The correctness of this agri- cultural policy under the leader- ship of the working class party saw its confirmation by 1952. Already six years after the chaos which Hitler fascism left be- hind, agriculture in the GDR at- tained pre-war levels of farm management and livestock num- bers. In 1952, the peasants began to join the first agricultural produc- . tion cooperatives (LPG). By the end of the same year 1,906 LPGs had been formed with 37,000 members who had taken a free decision. eee Eight years later the superior- ity of the cooperative large-scale farming over single holdings was recognized all over the country, so that all farmers chose to join the cooperatives. ki National Okrug, as secretary of the Area Communist Party Committee. He is a deputy of the USSR Supreme Soviet. Vasili Uvachan holds that a scientist should not only formul- ate different scientific truths, but should personally contribute to progress. Taking part in the work of the USSR Supreme Soviet, Vasili Uvachan raised questions regarding the develop- ment of the productive forces in the Far North. He also contri- buted to the fact that new in- dustrial centres, utilizing the North’s considerable mineral re- sources, are emerging intensive- ly. The Far North is becoming a region with well-appbdinted set- tlements to which people from many parts of the country are moving. These newcomers are from the outset greatly helped- by the local northern peoples, who for centuries lived and worked in this grim land to make it liveable for future ge- nerations. One of the symbols of age-old northern experience Vasili Uva- chan considers to be a gift from Canada — a pair of fur Eskimo boots, Referring to this gift, the Canadian newspaper Globe and Mail wrote that when the depu- ties of the Soviet Parliament were getting ready to board the plane in Winnipeg, the heat was 930, Fahrenheit, and lu¢k had it that Mr. Uvachan was presented with a pair of fur boots in just that weather. The paper went on to say that the Soviet delegate accepted the gift graciously al- though it might have seemed a joke on a hot day like that. The old Arctic expert was well aware of the fact that the heat in Can- ada would not last long. The crux of the matter is, of course, not at all confined to warm clothing and footgear. Vasili Uvachan believes that great human reserves lie dor- mant in the small peoples. It was only because of unfavorable historical circumstances that the. small peoples of the North were unable to prove their worth. In his thesis he proves that other times have set in. PACIFIC TRIBUNE—FRIDAY, OCTOBER 9, 197 O—PAGE 9 j