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The Terrace-Kitlmat Dally ‘perald Id Mewtpaper le
po! lileally Independant and a member of the verted
Columbia Press Coyncli,  ~

aah

‘Page 2, The Herald, Wednesday, May. 23, 1984

~ Axworthy establishes. new. tules for

Transport Minister : Loyd-

Axworthy has established - a whole

new ballgame for the airline in-

dustry with his proposed blueprint |
for’ partial deregulation but - Air .

Canada will have no problem
Playing by the rules, saya the Crown
corporation's newly-appointed
president.

Pierre Jeanniot, in "Toronto
Tuesday to address a joint luncheon
of the German-Canadian Business

‘and Professional Assoclation and

the Swiss-Canadian Chamber of
Commerce told reporters he -{s
confident the industry will adapt to
the new regulations.

However, Jeanniot said the
minigter went too far on route
deregulation, but, in terms of fares,
the new rules are in line with what_

Air Canada had suggested.
The announcement that Jegnniot |

: had: been promoted to president *
: from executive vice-president ‘of the
“airline came later in the day. Claude

Taylor, who Jeanniot replaced,
takes the chairman's seat.

Axworthy's guidelines, which will ”

go ahead despite more conservative
recommendations from’ - the
Canadian Transport Commission,
would allow carriers within two
years to price fares as low as they
want without seeking approval from
the commission. Airlines would also
be permitted to apply to fly
whatever routes they want in
southern Canada, using. whatever
type of aircraft they prefer, and as
often as they wish. . :

_ which" says there ‘is

. Axworthy, ‘meanwhile, has
sharply" criticized a: report by, the
Canadian : Transport ‘Commission
a need ‘to
deregulate railways’ as has “been
done in the United States.

In a letter’ to Jean Marchand,
transport commission chairman ahd,
former. Liberal cabinet minister,
Axworthy : said” the three-week-old
report didn't provide the. detailed
information ‘needed to decide
whether Canada’ should copy the
sweeping deregulation given
American railways through the 1980
Staggers Act. ©

In another’ davelopment Tuesday
the federal minister of state for
finance sald,Canada has little ‘choice

_ but to follow the rise in U.S. interest

rates even though it has not been

Toxic shock syndrome. increases

VANCOUVER (CP) —

shock syndrome has risen in Canada
in recent years but a Vancouver
physician who has studied the
ailment believes the known cases
are merely “the tip of the iceberg,”

The illness, which made headlines
a few years ago as a tampon-related
killer, has continued to increase
even though there has been a drop in
the sale of tampons, says Dr.
Anthony Chow, who has completed a
study of 80 Vancouver patients who
dveloped the condition between 1980
and 1983.

The report says toxic shock
syndrome can affect members of
either sex and that problems in
diagnosing it are considerable.

Chow, who heads the division of

infectious'‘diseases at the University |:

of British Columbia and -Vancouver
General Hospital, led the team that
studied the 30 individuals afflicted
with the elusive syndrome -- two
ofwhom died. Still, even after
months of examination, Chow seems
to have more questions than an-
swers,
RELATION UNCLEAR

There is clearly an association
between tampon use and the in-
cidence of toxic shock, says Chow,
but what is that relationship?

The, | -
humber of reported cases of toxic -

Why is it that women who use oral
contraceptives are
protected ‘from contracting the

‘ syndrome,

And why do some patients con-

tract the illness while in hospital? —.

“Right now there.are a lot of
mis$ing links,” says Chow. “It’s

certainly .not disappearing even.
though the media interest seems to -

have waned substantially.”

In 1980 toxic shock syndrome
received worldwide attention as an
illness related te tampon-use that

’ struck and killed without warning.

Soon after, hundreds of lawsuits

were filed by victims or survivors of
the |

the syndrome against -
manufacturers of super-absorbent
tampons linked to the ailment.

While the media hype may have .

disappeared, the mystery has not.
Researchers have known for some

time that the syndrome is not

limited to menstruating women.

In Chow's study, half of the cases -

were related to menstruation. But

among the other cases, three in- ©

volved men and one was a newborn.
Ten of the cases were acquired in
hospital.
DIAGNOSIS HARD

One.of the main protilems facing
researchers, says Chow, is that
there is no clear method of
diagnosing the condition. The classic

somehow -

symptoms — high fever, dizziness,
nausea, severe’ drop in. bleod
pressure and skin rash — can also be
exhiblted in a varlety of other
illnesses,

“A person can display the. symp-
toms that are: very. suggestive of
toxic shock, but there is still no
definitive test. .

"We have a blood test to tell usif

we have diabetes, we have a blood
test that tells us if we have a thyroid

disease or gonorrhea or something -
- else. We don't have a test that-is

simple and reliable that tells us that
.someone has toxic shock and not
- something else.” .

Chow says available figures show
the syndrome Is on the increase, but
that might be because more cases
are being reported to Ottawa’s
Laboratory: for Disease Control as a

‘result of increased awareness of the
illness,
NOT ALL KNOWN

“But still, not all-cases are belng

reported. I feel that what we have is
just the tip of the iceberg.” | --
In earlier research in which Chow
was involved, strains of the -bac-
terium known - -as staphylococcus
. aureus were taken from toxic ‘shock
syndrome patients “and compared

with strains taken: from . patients.

without the illness.

_ Researchers found the | toxic

shock-associated, bacteria behaved
differently from", ‘thost
staphylococcus strains in the way
they destroyed’ blood cells in the
laboratory. .

“There. has. been a definite
association made between the toxin
(believed to be caused by: ‘the hac-
teria) and thé illness,” says Chow,
“But precisely’ whether the toxin is
the cause of it has. not been ‘deter-
mined. mo

DEVELOP. TEST .
Chow is attempting to’ develop a’
more specific teat — to measure the

toxin in the body,” rather than the
lab.

"We don't have a specific means
of removing the toxin or neutralizing
the toxin that’s already been for-
med. but that will not be feasible
until we are certain that that toxin is.
causing problems “and - know

something about how it causes the _

symptoms.”
The present form: of treatment ig |

“not very exact, says Chow, because’

doctors still don ’t know what they're
up againat,

Patients ‘with toxic shock syn-
drome are ‘normally treated with ©

-antiblotics and given large quan-

tities of Muids because “their main

. Problem is fluid depletion.

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Smoking causes lung disease

WASHINGTON (AP) — Cigarette’
smoking is the primary cause of
chronic, obstructive lung disease,

and em-

* physema, the U.S. surgeon general

said today in his report on smoking.

In The Consequences of Smoking:
Chroni¢ Obstructive Lung Disease,
Surgeon General C. Everett Koop
blamed cigarette smoking for up to
® per cent of the 60,000 deaths
associated with obstructive lung
disease in 1983.

By comparison, 170,000 heart
disease deaths and 130,000 cancer
deaths are attributable to smoking.

The report also examined the
evidence on tobacco smoke in the
environment on non-smokers. It
concluded that although clinical
studies have suggested a relation-
ship between smoking and the lung
diseases, allergies and asthma, the
evidence isn't definitive and more
research is needed.

CAUSE EYE IRRITATION

The study said cigarette smoking
can contribute significantly to in-
door air pollution and increase eye
irritation. It cited some evidence
that smoke exposure produces small
changes in the iung function.

The report gaid children of

smoking parents have a higher
prevalence of respiratory symptoms
and more frequent bouts of bron-
chitis and pneumonia early In life, In
addition, they have measurable if
small differences in lung function
when compared with children of
non-smoking parents, although the
long-term effects of this aren't
known.

“The only really significant new
information we can find in the report
is a chapter on environmental
tobacco smoke,” sald William
Toohey, a spokesman for The
Tobacco Institute, the trade group
representing cigarette makers in the
United States.

“Open-minded readers will
discover that health claims by anti-
smokers about environmental

tobacco smoke remain unproven.”

‘ENSUFFICIENT' FACTS

_ “The surgeon general’s opinion
regarding chronic obstructive lung
disease is scarcely news,”’ Toohey
added. “It’s the same opinion ex-
‘pressed 20 years ago in the first
report. We still do not share the
surgeon general's opinion on this
subject, recognizing that it is hased
on & great deal of conjecture. An

opinion should be backed up with
facts. In this case, the facts are
Insufficient. Research has to provide
them.”

“Cigarette smoking is causally
related to chronic obstructive lung

' disease, just as it is to cancer and
coronary heart disease; severe
emphysema would be rare were it
not for cigarette smoking,’ Koop
said In a preface to the 515-page
report.

Report questioned

TORONTO (CP) — A Concordia
University study which found most
women do not suffer. serious
psychological problems after having
an abortion has been criticized for
being too limited.

Laura McArthur, president of the
Right fo Life Association of Toronto,
said the Montreal study should have
examined abortion patients at least
two years after their operation,
instead of four months later.

"Immediate results don't mean an
awful lot,” McArthur said in an

‘interview Tuesday.

She said that, based on other
studies she has read and women she
has spoken ‘to, she believes most

_ women regret their decision to have

an abortion years later.
The $70,000 Concordia study,
financed by the federal Department

of Health and Welfare's . family
planning division, compared 580
women who had abortions with 36
women who continued their
pregnancies,

“The predominant feellng of the
women after the abortion was not
sadness, guilt, et cetera,” satd Dr.
Charlene Berger, a psychologist who
headed the study.

Norma Scarborough, president of
the Canadian Abortion Hight Action
League, said the study upholds the
pro-choice movement's belief that
individual women know which
chéices are best for them... ._,

The two-year study — which ran
between 1977-and 1979 — examined

~ women ranging in age from 14 to 44

during their first three months of

pregnancy and one month after the

abortion or birth.

- Tates, ©

. cold. - Inside,
handshake from a Quebec City - -

n 4 fet rate

a é “wm uivelled*~debailed’ policies” for

the border, -

- “Kt js sometimes said Canada can
have: ‘substantially Jower,
homemade interest .rates," Roy
MacLaren said in the text of a

speech to. a group of American
bankers that was released in

_ Ottawa,

‘But the view ignores the reality of
Canada's open: market, which
means investors’ can quickly shift
their money south of the border to
take advantage of higher interest
rates there, he said,

NO SERIOUS FLAW

Tracing the. Canadian dollar's
current weakness to U.S. interest
MacLaren - argued the
eurrency’s downward drift does not
reflect. any fundamental flaw in
Canada’s economic performance.

Inflation is down, productivity is

‘ up, labor costs-have moderated and

the country’s trade performance
continues to show near-record
‘strength, he told the Pennsylvania
Bankers Association.

MacLaren repeated that the
federal government and the Bank of
Canada will continie to resist sharp
downward movements in the value
of the dollar and to moderate in-
terest, rate movements.

~ Roberts

QUEBEC (CP) — It’s 9:30 a.m. at
the airport as Employment Minister
John Roberts lugs his suit bag and

“bulky briefcase inte the cafeteria,

all but unnoticed by a handful of
airport workers and travellers
waiting for flights.

Outside the terminal, it’s grey and
Roberts gets one

acquaintance. There are no other

. signs of recognition for a man who

sayshe’srunning third in the race to
replace Prime Minister Trudeau as
leader of the Liberal party.

- Ts -been another

“His voice is strained, some of his
precampaign paunch is melting

away and he rubs sleep from his |
eyes as he glances througha Toronto ©

catch up on.
‘developments in the campaign. ~

newspaper to

Roberts denies the weekend has

* been another disappointment in his
‘Yeadership bid that has almost
“constantly been overshadowed by-

the-dte] between front-rumer John

. ‘Turner and his closest rival, Energy |
....~' Minister Jean Chretien. .
’ ATTENTION SCANT

wet a short time earlier jn

‘granto,4Robe ceived napant
media play i in hishiome'base When lie

women, his second key target after
youth in the quest for delegates to
the June 13-16 leadership convention

‘in Ottawa.

Fora few moments the next day in
Montreal, Roberts managed to still
the. undercurrent of chatter that
plagued the other members of the
leadership pack — Agriculture

'. Minister Eugene Whelan, Economic

Development Minister Don John-
ston,. Justice Minister Mark
MacGuigan and Indian Affairs
Minister Jahn Munro — with a‘low-
key but impassioned appeal to

bridge the “two solitudes” of men

and women,

“The play was great, the acting
was terrific, but the audience was
terrible,”
reperters after Chretien-Turner
theatrics in the meeting room stole
the show at the third of five policy
rallies leading up to the convention.

Then.in Quebec, as he wooed a
handful of local delegates with a
white wine reception at a suburban
hotel, some of the frustrations with
what he later called the media's
“exaltation” of Turner spilled out in

arare personal attack on the front-

runner,
WANTS ‘STATUS’

Turner, former finance minister
under Trudeau, is seeking the prime
minister's job solely "for the secial
status,” Roberts. charged.

_ “There's nothing to. Turner's’

dream of Canada except that. he

_ wants the title, the social status,” he

added,

Heading back to ‘Ottawa, Roberts
was slightly apologetic, but didn't
back down.

’ “Maybe that was unjust.

REAM

. . but

; gruelling:
_ weekend for the 50-year-old Roberts.

Roberts ruefully told *

airlines.

“In Canada, we seek to -Promote
continued economic’ growth at a

pace consistent: with the éontrol of |

inflation and the: ‘lowest: possible §

interest rates,’he said. -
“From. a policy standpoint ~

while the sprinter’s acceleration is @

" appealing — the ‘long distance

runner's more sustainable pace isa j

_surer bet,”
In other business 1 news Tuesday:

— The federal government's con- |

troversial restraints on shoe imports
will be extended for 16 months past
their scheduled expiry-date of Nov,
30, International Trade Minister
Gerald Regan said. In addition, the

government will ask the Antj-

‘dumping Tribunal to investigate the
Canadian footwear industry and
determine whether further quotas
are necessary, Regan told a news
conference.

~ Two more major chartered
banks announced hikes in their
mortgage rates ta match increases
announced by three other banks last
week. The Royal Bank of Canada
announced immediate mortgage
rate increases of one-half. a per-
centage point for terms of one to four
years while the five-year rate goes

‘ up a quarter of a point. The Bank of

Nova Scotia announced identical
increases effective today.

Turner hasn't gotten across the
sense of the man or a sense of
purpose. If he .has a positive
determination to do something, why
doesn’t he say it?

“Tt appears to me‘he Is more in-
terested in the status of the job than
what he wants to do with the power

that goes with It.”

Roberts insists that Liberal
candidates must “define a sense of
the future and-how we are going to
respond toit” or the party ‘‘will be in

- peril” against the Conservatives

under Brian Mulroney in the general
election that could come as early aS
August.
CUT SPENDING

Roberts has beer calling during
the leadership campaign. for less
personal spending .and greater in-
vestment by Canadians of: their
savings in-economic development.

He has also released a series of
general policy statements since the
‘eampaign began on tighter controls
over federal spending on’ post-

"secondary education, on improved -

‘ retraining plans, a’ greater role for
Western Canada, assistance to

_ young farmers and the need for

water and soil constrvatiot:! .
Roberts stilt isn't gounting: himself
aug of the race despite all theiday-to-
day frustrations and difficulties in
drumming up campaign funding.

A survey by The Canadian. Press
during the five weeks of delegate
selection indicates none .of the
candidates trailing Turner and
Chretien has more than about 70

- committed delegates.

But Roberts and his organizers
claim they have. “well over 200."
YOUTH A FACTOR

_ He estimates that about one-third

of his current strength comes from
youth delegates. About a third of the
elected delegates will be less than 25
years old and Roberts has
surrounded himself with executive
and former executive members of
the party’s youth wing. .

Roberts says he’s doing best in
Toronto, where he holds the riding of
St. Paul’s and operates as the
region's political minister.

He says he also has strength in

sohrn oom ewan,
where party youth wing’ president
Bruce Ogilvie is a key organizer,
Nova Scotia, “some in southern New
Brunswick and some in Alberta.”

Heading Into the final phase of the
race, he admits fund-raising has
‘become “tough,” althour aeds: “I

~ xpect we'll have enough money to

run a bare-bones campaign.”

At the outset, Roberts complained
the loudest when the party was
discussing the possibility of capping
campaign spending at $1.6 million.

He estimated in March he would
be able to raise between $600,000 and
$750,000 but now says his
organization is setting its sights on
spending “just under - $500,000,”
probably a third of that at the
convention itself,-

.

, "You still having trouble sleeping?”

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