“Page 2.:The Herald, Friday, August Va, 1989.

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‘Battered women

‘CALGARY cp)—Two university of Calgary researchers are
‘calling on every Alberta Community, and possibly every
community in Canada, with more than 20,000 residents to
_establish shelters for battered women, ;

". Katherine Sloman and Phebe Cotterill made the
‘recommendation Thursday following the release, of their
“study indicating wife beating. in Alrdrie; a bedroom |
community of 10,400 just north of Calgary, is twice ‘the -

.. ‘assumed national average.

. “It's quite likely that in a population of 20,000 the need for “
-a shelter exists throughout the country," said Sloman, in an
‘interview.

“lt may be the tip of the iceberg,” said Sloman, chairman

- of the Alberta Women’ B Shelter -Couneil, at a news
_ conference,
The women concedéi ‘however, that they do not kriow -
‘how other researchers arrived at the one-in-10 figure.
- Without similar definitions, it is almost impossible: to
‘compare findings, -
Last fall, the two researchers mailed a: questionnaire to
-one in six randomly selected airdrie households and

: Tecelved 117 useable responses—a 23 per cent retura rate

_that they said is very adequate.

‘ Sloman and Cotterill aaid the size of their sample, 10
professionals and 117 women, is large enough to provide
; Scientifically valid results because the response rate among
one who received questionnaires was double the 10 per

‘: lly accepted,as a minimum, ...

t ae they informed. residents in a letter

. “accompanying the survey that they were studying the need
- for a local women's shelter, they deny that might have
skewed the results,

Sloman said it is unlikely women would . invent or
feclity. claims of abuse in hopes of securing ‘Buch a
la

Twenty-two women, or 18.8 per cent of the respondents, ~
Teported being “physically, sexually or psychologically
assaulted by (their) partner,” ;

Twelve sald they were hit and 11 said they were slapped.
Seven reported being punched, four being :kicked, two
choked, three sexually assaulted or raped and 19 threatened
or verbally abused, Qne-quarter of the women said they |
have been suffering such treatment for at least six years.

“The informtion that came back: to us was really quite
tragic," said Sloman. “These women told of living. in daily
terror and immobilizing fear. because of the imminent
abuse they would experience: on a routine basis."'

News reports a week ago quoted Sloman saying 15 women
and four Children died at the hands of Alberta husbands, |
fathers and stepfathers this.year. -Thursday she sald the
number of dead women has risen to 16.

‘During thelr two months of research in Airdrie, Sloman
and Cotterill received phone calls on a “daily basis’ from
physically abused women seeking shelter who didn't realize

. that only survey to determine the need for. shelters Was

underway, .

Cotterill added there are nine shelters in Alberta nd 185
throughout Canada, arguing the numbers are far too low
when one considers that 45 per cent of all Canadian women
don’t livenear a shelter even ifepaceisayailable,

- Pointing to furthet recommendations in their study that
ask provincial governments to set up task forces on
battered women, Sloman criticized the attitude ; ‘of most
elected officials and bureaucrats. .

“They still have not to the paint where they recognize
wife-battering as a problem.” :

The report calls for revised legislation governing wile
beating so police will have more enforcement powers and 80:
theman and not the woman will be removed from the home
following. a violent incident,

.ita-pervasiveness,” he said.. ‘There are several routes to

I'm not golng to necand-guces Bennet, time wil ell whether. .

"Mili the federal deticit estimated to be $90 bition this
- year, ‘and the B. c. ‘etic eatimated at $1.6 billion, Wyre:

“navn Stn o

VANCOUVER (CP)— Ir-the.
jpular politically, Ottawa will be qu
- British Columbla, says Hob Wyman, ‘slated.to be
chairman of the Canadian Chamber of Commerce.
- Wyman, whose organizafion has 145,000 members aci

\ thecountry, said the methods usedby Promler Bil Bennett

restraintand the B,C, government has takena direct ro
‘he!is right.”

{spending

* "On a long-term bas we acarrt afford to run. thé ind ae

_- deficits we are runnliig-. I'm not an expert ‘on government -
finance, but I know ‘there’s'a ‘lot of waste in the: federal
government and‘I’m ‘sure. there are: ‘many Programs, that

‘eam be cut bak.” °°"

retrain, or transfer, and. the company: pave, others: a fair

; finaicial. pettlemenit. . 4 ie “a peice
He: said- Pemberton's ‘trie to recognize ‘senioil ath ey i
Ls ‘closely at-what’s-happening in B.C.” -
Alter. he. assumes
: - ogumeres atts convention late next month, Wyman’s firat

_doyalty,. but the » layolts were unavoidable. ey ge!

- France influencial « in ‘Africa.

PARIS (AP)—Twenty years after: its relatively organized
« petreat asa colonial power, France Temains ithe: most .
- Influential western country in Africa.

: France maintains: military bases with 7,050 French troop
it five black African countries, all former colonies—3;700
. men in Djibouti, 1,200 in Sengal, 1,100 in the Central African
“Republic, 550 in Gabon and-500 in the Ivory Coast, 2
» Defence Ministry. a he .

“Throughtout the 1960’s and 1970's, France: played | a
* lgnificant’ military role during conflicts in such former:

- colonies as Cameroon, Djibouti, Gabpn, and Chad," Mar

On July 9, 1979, then-president Valery Giscard d'Estaing :
sént 700 French troops into Central Africa from Gabon to .
back up the bloodless coup that deposed self-styled emperor.
Jean-Bedel: Bokassa, who was visiting Libya at the time.

Now, France is sending an estimated 500 snilitary
advisers to.Chad to back up the massive shipments of:
military equipment it has provided to support the regime of
Hissene Habre against Libyan-backed rebels.

But it-Is a role: France's Socialist ‘government is. not”
- comfortable with, . |

Francols Mitterrand’s election as president gota healthy -
push from a scandal involving Giscard and Bokassa, dne af

' Africa’s most ruthless dictators. After the votes- were

counted, Mitterrand proclaimed anend to 20 1years of Frenc
_ intervention on that continent. ‘

Now, a little more than two years later, Mitterrand finds -
himself pushed by events in Chad—with added nudges from
, Washington: and several worried African capltals—back .
into the role that earned France the nickname of, Africa’s
gendarme.

Mitterrand, afor all his reluctance to intervene, is unable
and unwilling to free himself from France's colonial and

post-colonail heritage. .
- + He does not want to commit combat troops in Africa, as

_ his predecessors did, but he wants to maintain France's
influence inthe region for political, economic and strategic
reasons, The question is whether he can have one without
_ the other,

- France took its role ag “eivilizer” of Africa seriously, and
in. the 26 French-speaking countries there many of the
people, and moat of the elite, eat French bread, drive -
French cars, follow French soccer results, read ‘French
newspapers and watch French television shows.

. Many of the government and educational structures in

former colonies have remained intact since independence.
The currencies of 14 African countreis are directly. lined to
_ the French France,

The French also have economte Interests to protect in the
region—huge hydroelectric projects in the Ivory: Coat, .
. railways in Nigeria, a former British colony, and copper,
. diamond, and other mines in seveal countries,

Former French Africa—18 countries were once French
 eolonies—buys about $2 billion more a year from France
than itsells. Chad also serves as a buffer between radical
. Libya.to the north and the prosperous pro-western states of
the Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Gabon and the Central African

it the reluctance with which Mitterrand hs responded to
‘Chad's urgent pleai for help, and his refusal to commit any
: combat troops or planes to the conflict, corivérns mndoerate
African states that traditionally turn to the French for
protection, technical advice and trade deals.

American sources in Paris say the United States has-‘no ~

“intention of trying to supplant France in a region where “we
have neither. the means nor the interest” to play. a ‘major -
Tale. -

But they clearly would like tose the French take a direct:
role in Chad tostem the Libyan-bakced rebel assault.

the

‘But Mitterrand is reported to ‘have a. perspant distatste ‘
“tor direct military intervention, ‘a feeling shared.by many ‘

on the left wing of his ‘Socialist party:.: The Communists—
‘the Sociallat’s junior partners In government—have warmed
against ‘allowing. the, US, ‘to aaa France into an
“imperialiatic!’: war: : or

ae out.
et or transfer. That's what we ay In the. pri
‘ sector, and- that’ what gdvernment should do.

able to prioritize thelr programs: that we are.”
"When hard times hit the: securities industry a year’: ‘ng
~” Pemberton, Houston Willowghby,. was forced to lay off 15:
"per cent of its 500 employees; sald Wyman, chairman of the :
Pemberton board. - Some were offered -the ‘chance. to |

_ programs, he said,

“reduce the size of government and
2 politiclaly, they'd do it”.

: éctivencss of the chamber as a lobby group:: .
aie have to make the Tederal goverment realize that .
“only by the building the Indistrial base in this country are

. chamber ‘is at lobbying.
- you've been asking for,

“fy belleve any teitundant governin
and the ‘people:

particular federal stiri, “a
r .

n said he has no

ind The. (Liberals) run that business and are fntbe

federal government is loathe to-euit any -.
“admittedly, the They haven ratte as a
financing goes. If they overspend thelr , they won't
Sancag es, But the Liberals recognlzé the need to
“if it beans Dopular. i

tacroes the country, politicians are foaking very

‘chairmanship of the Chamber of: i
rity. will be. to increase ‘membership and improve’ the:

oirig to solve the unemployment problem, No: other
pe do it. But the government has ‘to provide
pusinéss with incentives - not grants, but Incentlves,””
~ He sald It is often difficult to gauge how effective the
“When you get what you want and
you-can say: “We did that," but

" Libyat-backed rebel forces, but: the president and other

US. officials are voicing frustration that. France won't do

the job, .

France,” the president: sald Thursday. “We-remain in

_ constant ;consulatation with them, .But-I don't see any 7 : a
: (ie DIFFERENCE : BETWEEN |

situation that would call for military: intervention by the
. United States there: > °°
The fall. of the key oasis town of Faya-Largeau to ‘the

revels on Wednesday was a bitter pill for the'administration .
to swallow because It had repeatedly warned Libya not to -

press the attack and had urged France to send jet aircraft.
to battle Libyan planes if it did. -

There had been mounting frustration in Washington all
week. over: France's: reluctance - to move swiftly to help

embattled government forces at Faya-Largeau. because it.

viewed the battleas a key one for control of Chad,

> Administratiod officials have warned repeatedly, as, |
‘ Reagan did again Thuraday, that unless Libyan leader Col.
Moammar Khadsfy:is stopped in Chad, he will deek to

destabilize all of North Africa. -

A symbol-of the U.S, frustration 7 the two sophisticated

AWACS' (airborne warning and systems control)
surveillance aircraft that sat idle in neighboring Sudan

because the French didn’t send the fighters that the AWACS -
- were supposed to assist. The AWACS were sent from the

U.S. last Saturday in the expectation French alreraft would -
‘soon follow. ™

A French diplomatic gource in Washington, confirmed the

French ‘have’ resisted: American encouragement to:
intervene 'in Chad by sending aireraft. But the source said
the French government “feels very catrongly” | lt should not me i

send planes now.

“We are feeling the. pressure” from Washington, . the
source said. “But I think that, whatever pressure they are .

; "_ putting of us, that what we are doing Is the right response.” -
The French did vend,’ with apparent reluctance, ; about 600
" troop to sérve as advisera and‘to give logistical support to | -
_. the Chadian army at N'Djamena, the capital, about 600 [
‘kilometers from Faya-Largean , and in no position to

influence the battle there, :
The French diplomatic souree didnot rule out any ‘further.

' French action.:

- cunmensieneiinnieeneainiimmmenemmimmmm - ‘a "
~ Republle—where many of the 950,000 French citizens still : — —

| labor Scene

_ by HENRY LEONG.
End of ‘July statistics show the Terrace Canada

_ Employment Centre for Students have over 520 students
registered. Of that total, over'250 stidents are still ooking

Tor: summer employment. -

’ ‘Those. students who have found. full-time summer .

- employment; congratulations! Those who have nat found

- ‘summer employment should consider taking on odd jobs

Correction

TERRACE—Chris Jennings, “past president of the:
Terrace‘Assectatlon for the Mentally Retarded, wants you
to know that he does not view BCGEU members as “types”
as reported in the Wednesday, Aug. 10 issue of the Herald.

disabled is potentially more long-term than it is on
‘government workers,” he says.. Jennings has received
some flack for the use of the word “types”: which he did not -
wein the interview, His statement was paraphrased.
Jennings alsg says the association does not view
Operation Soliarity as too labor oriented. He says that is
the public and media perception of Operation Solidarity and
that Is why a paraltel group !s being formed. The.
association does not want the public confusing the two
groups. “We support Operation Sollgarity," he said,

- Privacy becomes a casualty |

OTTAWA (CP)— Canadians must accept that privacy
will be a social casualty of a computerized society, says dn
adviser with the Science Council of Canada.

And as there is no sure way to protect personal records in

computer data banks, people can gel used to the idea of
‘other technological changes, Arthur Cordell says,-

“As a society, we put up with 5,000 automobile deaths a '
_ year and hundreds of thousands of casualties bécause we

- like the automobile,” he explains.

Cordell and Montreal payenologist W. Lambert Gardiner ;

have produced a study, to be released ‘this:fall,.on the.

effects the transition to an “information society” will have .

on Canadian society,

Cordell says the transitional problems could beeased and «

the change made faster If politicians would start telling the
public what is to be expected. -
Although Criminal Code amendments have been |
Peppers to make misuse of computer: data illegal;
lation won't cure the psychological effects of knowing
_ personal information can be retrieved by anyone with a
computer capable of linking to other databanks, Cordell

says.

His comments come as an Ontario university study
released Thursday warns that computer services provided
by cable television can threaten the privacy of subscribers,

The by David F

my

‘
'

laherty, a history and law .
Professor t at the University ot Western Ontario in London,

gays privacy codes should be made part of contractual

_ agreements between subscribers and cable companies. .

Also, cable companies should refuse to seek, give or release’
any identifiable data on suliscribers to third parties without

_ the consent of subscribers. .
‘privacy invasion just as they have accepted the costs for .

Cordell explain that as more companies begin. linking
officd. computer systems through telephone lines, the

. chances increase that someone, somewhere can use a

personal cpmuter to break databank codes and gain acceas
to private information. :

And people will become ‘increasingly afraid that'a profile

of them, fromy the unauthorized compilation of personal

records, could be sold as a service in the future.
-; Such fears could begin to affect individual's behavior,
resulting in increased caution and, in. turn, decreased :

' spontaneity.

And that could result in a collective reaction. of “gelf-'
_imposed censorship.”

~* #4] would not like to eee the technology bring aboit the ;

conditions where self-censorship are so great that we begin
tobehaveas though we areina policestate.”

What's needed to avoid this is immediate open discussion:
about invasion of privacy, led by the government through a
Foyal commission. |

But Cordell preiiiets such s coriimiision will only be
appointed after a major databank feandal auch an massive
theft of f medical records.

“and-or doing volunteer work. These two types of work are.
~ valid - .work experience . that ‘will enhance your future -
employability in the job market. With less than four-weeks’ Nb
to go before schoo! starts, these two alternatives to full-time | f
“summer employment are logical choices. to. salvage a |

pbless summer,
. Students should keep-in mind that two keys to obtaining

jobs are knowledge on how to market your strengths: “and”
“What I sald was that the impact of the legislation on the —

perseverance.

Even though mhore studeats got jobs this yeat, when:

compared with last year, the student job market is still
tight; therefore, employers are selecting the best qualified

- students.

If you're one of those students who are not too sure on how

to market yourself to prospective employers, then yau -
should come down to the: centre located on 4682 Lazelle .

Avenue and ask for Arlene or Henry.. We can offer you
many important job hunting tips; such as preparing job

» pesumes, handling job interviews, sources for jobs, finding’

the person who has the hiring power, and much more.
~ Perhaps, in your visit with Ws, you may discover what you
can do and what you want from summer jobs. ‘The more

- you know about job bunting skills and how to apply them,

the. better the chances you will sell your services to
prospective employers.

You should see yourtelf asa product ona a shelf, much like
products on local supermarket shélves, Your presentation
to prospective employers (the buyer) will determine
‘whether ‘or not’ prospective employers, will buy your
services. .

“Knowledge of basic. job hunting kills’ and application to
these skills are Important prerequisites before you begin
your job search. The sooner you learn to apply them the

better, because it’s one leas thing to worry about in your job

search next summer, - -*,
Arlene Christie, my cohort, tells me the cosptisgred

‘ Canada Employment Centre for Students and Special -

Recreation Centre car wash held last Saturday was very

” stecessful despite intermittent rain. Their efforts managed .

to raise $150 which will go towards travel for the Tetrace
handicap soccer team to Maple Ridge for the B.C, Summer
games, an

The Herald welcomes its readers comments. All: |
Jotters tothe editor of general public Interest will be
printed. They should be submitted 48 hours tn
advance of desired pyblication date. We do,

however, retain the righttorefuseto print letterson

- prourids of possible libel or bad taste. .We may also:
edit letters for style and length. All letters to be
considered for publication must be signed.
‘mpossible to print a. letter: submitted. within i

Reagan. frustrated :

’ ther roi were Jobbying al the. same ;
- WASHINGTON (AP)— “President “Reagan says the Wyman, but 0 groups a
United States won't: intervene directly If Chad to. atop .

=: i bers, who provide “niltions of -
“Tt ia not our primary sphere of Influence; it is that of | on the resources of its mem prov

* legistation. {t Isa peculiar and perhaps crucial feature of =

a ee

offen that Is “a half-truth.”
OF 2B pen chamber presented to Finance Minister

Mare Lalonde, 4 were: included in the last budget; sald.

The “chamber, ‘whinge members include business, Weal
‘chambers, and some associations, has.a staff of 60 and a
relatively pmall budget, he said, however, it is able todraw ..

dollars in time and/enengy.” a3

‘RONALD REAGAN AND: ~
~ MARGARET THATCHER" ~

. By DR. MICHAEL A. WALKER,
. Directar a
The Freeer indtitute, Vancouver, B. c

You asked about the difference between Margate
” Thatcher’ 8 Conservative regime in Great Britain and thai
- of: Ronald: Reagan in the United States. Tha’ plizzie te
‘that If ihey are ‘both ‘conservalive Governmenta itiow
. ‘come Margaret Thatcher has presided over a reduction
‘Ins the British. daficit white Ronald Reagan! se:
ministration has sden the deficit rise to all times highs.
“The difference between‘ two as it turns out Is the ever
- elusive notion of supply-side economics, : =

Margaret Thatcher's approach to economic
‘management In the United Kingdom has involved a
relatively stringent monetary polley and. incréasingly

” firm control over govarnment expenditure together with
Increases in consumption taxes. The net consequence

- has been a-rediction In the teval of the pubtle sector

“deficit and adeclina In the British rate of inflation.

Tha Reagan administration, on the other hand,: ties
pursued @ very stringent monotary policy untll recently
together with some attempt to control public spending
and a reduction in personal income texes, In both the

_ULS. and U.K. here has been an attempt to aiiniutate

. savings and investment by. reducing. the tap tates: of

Income tax and providing businesses with an Incentive

_40 invest the new supply of savings which tax reductions

, vat the high. endarcg meant tap FOGUGA,.5 py ces 6 Baan :
--The Reagan: policy of” Sutight” Teductiona : ‘ig the.

personal Income tax ia based on two ed

because the Amarican Income iax syatam Is not!
to inflation the course of Inflation In the United States
has caused an Increase In the real burden of taxéition.
‘Secondly and more importantly, the U.S, tax polléy ‘Is
motivated by the. supply-side notion which Arthur Latter
made famous with his so-called Latter curve, that highar
rates of taxation do not necessarily produce highar tax
revenues. The idea ts that high rates of taxation Kill off
aconomls incentive and cause people to work: less :
: productively and. lass than they would if they faced a
lower tax rate. .Moreover,‘lower taxation will, . ‘tls
alleged; Increase Investment expenditure, ralse the jotal
productivity of tha economy and, therefore, evéntially
ralso government revenues, ; ;
. The Thatcher approach of ralsirig more revenue “via
consumption taxes has somewhat -the same ‘notions
bulit into it In that higher consumption taxes are fall not
to impact savings and: investment and, therefore, not to
ihhibit the refurbishing of the country’ 8 capital and its
potential rate of economic growth. -
- Economists, in general, have been fairly” ekepiical
‘about the U.S. experiment with supply-aide economics. ,
However, there is increasing reasonto belleve that this
_ Paasimism may not have been totally warranted,:By all
teports the U.S. economy In the second quarter of 1963
is growlng at about 6 per cent arid If this rapid fate of
growth or anything near to it can be maintained overthe -[.
Mext several years, then: the daflcit will be-vary
_ significantly mitigated. Peopie Itke Martin Feldstein, the
: Ghalrman of the President's Counc! of Economia Ad-
- visors, however, maintain that with the existing tax.and
expenditure structure in place, even above-average
growth over.an extended period of time. will not com:
pletely eradicate the U.S. deficit, that in the end the
_ governmant will have no option but to Featyain its ax,
~ panditure program in order fo eliminate what Is béing
" called the structural deficit problem. In other words,
Reagan wit! have to adopt policies mare like Thatcher as
time goes on.
_ Same observers. have: gone as far as to suggest that
the deficite are an Integral part of the political strategy
_ associated with the supply side theory, If tax cute really
can be.relled upon to boost economic activity and by
_ that route increase government revenues, then:there Is
no need to face the harsh political back+ash associated
r with expenditure cuts. A classic case of having your
’ cake and eating It too. It remains to be seen whether, 68
some observers claim, the sizeable deficits associated
with this strategy will be the undoing of Reagan's
basically conservailve stance on Inflation control, .
Aside from these differances in approach {o tax and
: expenditure Policy, thé administrations of Thatcher and
Reagan also, it must be noted, reflact the differences In
‘ the political Institutions In their two countries. The
. Thatcher government ‘can, in elfect, controt the ex:
_Penditures of all tevets of govérriment and the revenues
* of alll-evals of. goverament because Britaln is’a unitary
-Btate. -Local government expenditures can be controlied
‘because Thatctier controls thelr sole source of revenue.
‘Thera Is to equivalent to state or provinclal axpanditure.
y Moreover, Thatcher, In effect;-.contrals both tha,
‘legislative’ and executive arms of government. In the
United States, on the other hand, not only does Ronald
Reagan not have access to control aver the expenditures
of state and local governmant, he can Scarcely control
the tex and oxpendiiuré programs of fis ‘own ad-
ministration because of the Independent, abillty.of the -
Sanate and the Congress to propose and dispose of |

the U.S, system of government that while Ronald Reagan
Is elected as the adminiatator of the nation, his party —
the Republican Party — does not enjoy a majority in the
Congress.
Upon! reflection, therefore, given the differences
| between the countries and thair political institutions, It
la remarkable that Ronald Flesgan and: Margaret That-
cher havé been able to puraus policies which In ‘general

A.

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