A. any - from a government whose policy is er Pe) WORLD NEWS * Sd ~ ew oars : WASHINGTON According to Newsweek magazine (Aug. 3) CIA director William Casey and former deputy director Max Hugel had launched a “multiphase” scheme to overthrow and assassinate Libyan leader Col. Muammar Khadafi. Basing it reports on highly placed sources Close to the House Select Committee on Intelligence, which was ‘presented the plan because of the need for Congressional appropriation, Newsweek termed it a “classic CIA destabilization campaign.” It included ‘‘disinformation” to discredit Khadafi’s regime, creation of a ‘‘counter-government,” and a “paramilitary Campaign” against the Libyan government. WASHINGTON Top secret CIA reports claim that Red China has been shipping weapons-grade uranium to South Africa, in exchange for raw ore. syndicated columnist Jack Anderson reported last week The Chinese sales to South Africa, Anderson cited CIA sources. as Saying, has been beneficial to both countries. ‘‘The South Africans have plenty of ore; the Chinese have enrichment plants to turn the Taw product into:-weapons-grade uranium.”’ Most of South Africa's ore is extracted from illegally occupied Namibia. : LONDON A broad coalition, the Committee for the Defense of Democratic Rights in Turkey, issued a major international appeal last week to protest the ‘latest attack by Turkey's fascist junta on basic trade union rights,” and in support of the ‘100,000 political prisoners who __ face torture and death,” at the hands of the U.S.-backed dictatorship. In the first week of July the trials of 52 leaders of the country's second largest trade union federation opened, with the prosecution _ demanding the death penalty. The leaders of DISK, including the President and Secretary General, are charged, with ‘‘establishing the hegemony or domination of a social class over other social classes,” a charge taken directly from Italisn fascist dictator Benito Mussolini’s penal code. Sponsors of the appeal to save the trade unionists include nearly 50 British parliamentarians, progressive, and left organizations, and literally dozens of British trade union councils. Protests are to be sent to Gen. Kenan Evren, Ankara, Turkey. MONTREAL According to a leading opposition organization, the Haitian dictatorship of Jean Claude ‘‘Baby Doc” Duvalier is planning to hand over Tortuga Island to the U.S. so that it can establish a‘military base designed to “guard and intervene in’ the Caribbean. In a press - Conference held: in Montreal July 7, the Regrouped Haitian _Democratic Forces (RFDH) said the base will cost $3 million. The. base, they charged, ‘endangers not only the Haitian people but also the peoples of Grenada, Nicaragua, and Cuba, and the national liberation Struggle in the Caribbean and Central America.” e e e LONDON _ Britain's unemployment total has risen to 11.8 percent, highest Since the Depression of the 1930's, according to government figures. The latest figures showed 2,851,623 out of work, a sharp rise of 171,153 ‘6 percent) over last month's total. U.S. employment in June was 7.3 percent. c The German Information Center out of New York reports highest June unemployment in West Germany since 1954. This summer unemployment increased 1.4 percent in June alone and, by the end of the month, had risen to a total of 1,126,000. Compared to June 1980, there was a 31 percent increase in the numberof people out of work this year. ; LOS ANGELES The Reagan Administration has quietly taken the first step toward deporting thousands of refugees to E) Salvador — refugees _ who have applied for political asylum in the United States. A State Department source admitted to The Los Angeles Times ~ that the department has begun sending out 1,200 letters to Salvadoran emigrants, telling the vast majority they. have failed to meet U.S. Criteria for asylum. The State Department has claimed publicly that some applicants for asylum have been accepted. However, according to the National Lawyers Guild, immigration lawyers in several cities report that, so far, all of their Salvadoran clients have been denied asylum. : The Immigration and Naturalization Service says that each refugee must show written ‘‘proof’”” — such as a newspaper clipping _or a convincing affidavit — that persecution will result if he or she is _ returned home. Ricardo Ernandes, a Salvadoran trade union organizer, alleges he had been shot at three times in El Salvador, and that his cousin had _ been mistaken for him and was shot and killed. The killers, Ernandes Says, left a note on the cousin's chest, saying they were looking for Ernandes. His bid for asylum in the U.S. has been denied. bom = HAVANA Cuban President Fidel Castro accused the U.S. of engaging in “a bacteriological war” against Cuba that caused an outbreak of dengue fever. In a two-and-a-half hour address July 26, marking the anniversary of the start of the Cuban revolution in 1953, Castro said the outbreak has killed 113 people, including 81 children. He also said _™ore than 273,500 people have contracted the mosquito-borne — ase Sugar and tobacco crops and its hog and cattle herds. “In the last two years, four harmful plagues have hit our country—the African swine fever, the ‘roya’ of sugar cane, the blue fungus of tobacco and dengue fever “ i i ialism is tempted to use ‘Why would it be strange that imperialism 1s pase i ‘against Cuba? What can anyone expec treacherous biological arms against Se ears conictem, its Hes and its absolute lack of scruples?” Castro asked. Castro blamed the U.S. for plagues that have harmed the island's _ mit ‘the independent trade union By MARK ALLEN BERKELEY — In Poland today the question of ‘‘renewal’’ rests heavily on the minds of people, and even more heavily on the Communist Polish United Workers Party (PUWP) Poland’s last Communist Party Congress, normally held every five years, was in February 1980. Since that time, however, massive labor unrest, high level government and party shake-ups have occurred. The Polish economy continues to plummet, rocked by strikes and ever decreasing production, inflation, shortages, and even the prospect of unemployment. Explicitly anti-socialist elements have greatly intensified their activity, intimidating local and regional Communist Party leaders, and desecrating the graves of the Soviet soldiers who liberated Poland from Nazi occupation. — Poland at present is: in the stranglehold of the Western banks, victimized by internal and external subversion, and economic mismanagement at extreme variance with the principles of socialist economic construction. All is: complicated by a Communist Party that finds itself rife with division and . embargoed by bureaucracy. Thus, when the Communist Party of Poland. speaks of “renewal” it refers ‘to re- establishing the role and responsibility of the party, correcting the very grievous errors of the past, and expanding its contacts with the -people, particularly the working .class. This it sees as a precondition for seriously addressing Poland’s ~ deepening economic and social isi : “‘We must understand that the world will not stop respecting us because of the errors we have ‘made, but because we are incapable of having the vision to correct them,’’ Polish Vice- premier Mieczyslaw Rakowski said last week. Key to the direction of Socialist Poland is the role of Solidarity, has so its ‘The 21 Demands.” Solidarity, which __ has significant Communist Party membership, elicited major concessions from the government, and in return pledged to concern itself solely with the economic interests of the workers, rejecting the ‘dual power’ direction of the most strident anti-Communist. and anti-socialist forces within it. Solidarity explicitly recognized the leading role of the PUWP and rejected any notion that it sought to share political power with the PUWP. In the Aug. 31, 1980 agreement, Solidarity recognized the ‘deep economic and social crisis which developed over the years” and pledged to take recourse in strikes only ‘‘as a last resort.” Solidarity pledged, “‘in no case may we violate this principle.” Yet, there are strong. trends within Solidarity . which have violated this pledge, seek further economic instability, and a two. party or dual power situation in the country, the ultimate goal being to liquidate the PUWP and establish a social democratic government aligned with the: West. : Three main trends seem to exist within Solidarity. The intransigents, who while rejecting all compromise, nonetheless are nominally viewed as faithful to socialism. Walesa leads the so-called moderate trend, to date the dominant trend, while the anti- socialist elements are led by those affiliated with the Committee for Social Defense (KOR) and the Confederation for an Independent Poland (KPN). Walesa who last month denounced the ‘“‘many confrontations,” pledged, ‘‘We are not set up to change the government or to politicize.”” Of the extremists, he said June 11, “They are necessary, but they should not represent the influential line in the union.” Despite these pledges and the stated commitment of Solidarity to the socialist system, the new draft ‘“‘theses for discussion,” released in late May by Solidarity, reads more like a political platform. It contains a general statement urging the Polish economy to adopt the pattern of West Germany and France, and implies that the problems of Poland are intrinsic to socialism. It calls for ‘‘a complete liquidation of the centralized distribution in all spheres, including defense, communications, energy, and so on,” directly in opposition to socialist planning. Ss Initial reports on the selection of delegates to the Party Congress indicate a‘ shockingly low representation of industrial workers, ‘the ‘base’ of a Communist Party and socialism. Some 21 percent of the delegates are considered members of Solidarity, only 20 ‘percent overall are industrial workers, and 10 percent farmers. Only 5 percent are women.: The average age is between 30-40. Poland’s population is still considered 90 percent Catholic. Nearly 80 percent of the country’s agricultural land remains in private hands, some 36 years after the triumph of socialism. In addition, 60 percent of these farms are smaller than . 12 acres, all subsidized by the state. They remain very unproductive and economic planning is nigh impossible. Poland has the largest and most conservative peasant class in Eastern Europe. Further, as of 1977, there existed 188,000 privately owned businesses and small manufacturers, employing 400,000 workers. More than half of Poland’s population is under 30. The refusal by the PUWP over the last decade to actively combat anti-socialist trends and win the people to the fight for socialism has taken its greatest toll amongst the youth. More evidence of the serious problems in Poland is that 40 percent of the children of intellectuals and professionals attend colleges and universities, compared to only 10 percent of workers, and 4 percent of the peasantry. Intellectuals and not workers dominate: the newly formed student organization, the Independent Union of Students, which represents some 20 percent of all” students. The FUS was founded in 1977, along with Solidarity, and is closely linked to KOR. It has publicly criticized Solidarity for Poland's crisis .being too moderate, a situation that ‘had to be made up for by the radical factor,’”’ that factor being the IUS. The IUS, which considers itself the ‘‘most aggressive”’ institution in the country, has joined with Solidarity, KOR, the KNP, and other organizations in the call for total amnesty for ‘‘all’’ political prisoners. Last May, for example, the IUS held a demonstration at Warsaw University ‘‘in defense of political prisoners,’’ choosing as its focus the Kowalczyk brothers, sentenced to 25 years in jail for blowing up the Higher School of Education in Opole in 1971. The IUS has formally called for the study of Marxism-Leninism to be replaced by the “‘History of Philosophies” in the universi system, an end to on-the-j training, and universal military service. KOR, comprised almost exclusively of intellectuals, was founded in 1976. It continues to hold some ideological sway within Solidarity itself. They act as ‘‘advisers’’ to the independent trade union. KOR founder Jacek Kuron has openly and repeatedly called for a coalition government, seeking to end the ‘leading role’’ of the Communist Party. Kuron is the author of the ‘dual power’? movement. ‘Our program must be to create a pluralist society beneath this totalitarian facade without disturbing it, to create unofficial social institutions representative of the people’s aspirations,” he told. NBC in May 1977... -- Solidarity, « TUS, z-andv Rural Solidarity, a “‘union’’ for farmers and landowners, became these “‘unofficial’’ institutions. In mid- ‘April, in a move widely criticized within the Communist Party, the government assented to the | legalization of Rural Solidarity. As long ago as 1976, the government backed off implementing a proposed law that would have allowed the government to take over farms that were demonstrably unproductive. Now Rural Solidarity has called upon the government to, among other things: give equal weight to subsidizing private and state owned agriculture; in a number of cases, shift the priority from the state to private of the amount of land allowed private producers, and in the manufacturing--" of’ ‘farm design. All these demands fly in the face of socialist agricultural production. Many of the demands being placed upon the party and the government can only be viewed as attempts at ining the © socialist base of the society, others reflect the massive neglect, serious errors, and major divisions within the party and the government. Also at issue will be the role of - Poland’s Communist Party. It would be a serious mistake to underestimate the problems in Poland and in the Party, or the drive by anti-socialist elements, the socialist world system. Poland is golig through critical times,and the results of the four- day Congress will greatly determine to what extent true “socialist renewal” is underway. PACIFIC TRIBUNE—AUG. 7, 1981—Page 3