MONTREAL (CP) —A
‘selfproclalmed reform
wing of the federal
Liberal party is casting
about for ways to return
the party to the 1960s
prornlse of :‘participatary
democracy.”

One of ita leaders,
concluding that the only
role party militants now
play is that of providing —
applause for leaders’
election speeches on the
television news, has even
called for "a populist
revolution” in the party,

The group, which
helped organize a Win-
nipeg conference last fall

Trudeau pointedly
uninvited, is concerned
that too many decisions
are left to Ottawa bu-
reaucrats,

Blair Williams, the
movement's organizer,
said in an interview that
too many issues are
debated publicly only
after the government |
makes a decision, based
on an “internal, secretive
and highly -sophisticated
discussion within the,
monallthic
bureaucracy."”

Gne example was the
constitutional issue. “A .
lot of people would like to
see that debated in a
inore public forum.”
. Williams,
director of the party from
1973 to 1975 and now
| principal of the school of

> community and public

affairs at Concordia

University in Montreal,

says the group includes

former B.C. Liberal

Leader Gordon Gibson,

Jean-Pierre Mongeau, an

aide to Secretary of State

Francis Fox, and about 40
. others.

the support of Jerry
Toronto Liberal, Lorna

Marsden, new chairman
of the party’s policy

that left Prime Minister -

national’

Williams. also claims
Grafstein, a prominent

CASTS ABOUT |

commission,
Torrance Wylle, .
party's official agent. No
MPs are involved yet.

The group is con-
sidering the establish-.

ment of an independent
‘Journal. of Liberal
thought,” a policy . in-

stitute or a series of .
conferences on specific -

Williams said he will,

meet Gibson next week in
Vancouver to prepare for
& sub-committee meeting
next month. ‘The sub-
committee, composed of

perhaps 10 people, ‘will

consider the options and
make recommniendations
to the larger group.

One issue the group
wants examined more
closely, through a journal

ar some other means is

‘the . reality of «the

- bureaucratic state," sald .
Williams, Some have

suggested a conference
be held on responstble
government, “the extent
we've got it and can get
it. "

Williams doesn't
believe Liberals are

opposed to the use of [

government — after all,
they have governed: the
country for most of this
century — but “what I’m
rebelling against is the
lack of public in-
volvement in govern-
ment.” —

He said the party.
‘should also be ‘thinking

more about the use of a
referendum and a con-
stituent assembly in the
reform of. the con-
stitution.

Another issue is the one
recently raised

the constitutional talks —

the country's “economic |
-and barriers.
erected by provincial
governments to the free .
movement of people,

union'’

capital or Boots.

and.
the"

by Justice ‘|.
Minister Jean Chretien at ‘|’

— The vaat stale of Mali has

received billions of dollars in

international: aid since in-

dependence in 1940 — yet it

Femairs one of’ the least-
‘ developed countries. in the
- world. --

. very heart -of West Africa
and ils extreme poverty.
have produced offers of aid

- and assistance from most of
the world’s major nations.
The Russians are here. So

‘ nadians, ‘French, Japanese
and others.

‘Western sources estimate
that between 1,200 billion and
1,500 billion Mallan francs
(between $2.9 billion and $3.6

pumped into Mall,
‘Yet it is still one of the

world’s: poorest countries,

BAMAKO, Mali (Reuter)

Its strategic position at the

- are’ the Americans, the
Chinese, West Germans, Ca-

billion U.S.) in ald have been -

with a per capha i ‘income, af 7

‘only $120 a‘ year. Half the
rural population. of "six
million is estimated to have
leas than $60 a year income,

This capital is a city in de-
cay. Electricity cuts, which
in some parts of the ‘ety last
over a week at a time, are
disrupting . day-to-day life.

.The energy problem is
compounded by severe:
water shortages due to the ©

_Inadequacy.of. the city's.
‘piping system, For weeks on.
end, water id available only:.
for afew hours in the middle
"Virtually “ihe. oly

y e new.
buildings since . in’
dependence ‘are “an ‘Egyp-
Han-built luxury hotel and.a- '
modern: mosque, financed. Africa's
with Arab money. The older
architecture, -dating: from.
the French colonial period, is

- crumbling and worn: « -

_ The country’ 8 finanelat

source anid:

no

they will.
- even for that.”

country.
_. the Sahara Desert,

‘state is alaring A esters

“The. ‘government's
resources are ‘simply
sufficient to pay for
things, from civil. gervasis’
salaries. to miedi¢ine: The 7
government {8 investing ‘in.

is watered . ty tw two re Weat

t ri
’ Niger and the Senegal

Thera is frustration among
officlals of every ald mission.
in Bamako that the ‘overn- .
ment is not ae more : 0,

potentiat.
‘not .
ie basic. -

. tities: then ‘an
mM.

Mali’s:ailing

- inordinately’

“arheii i egrlator :

eine in

erything j French- .
administration, . tat soon French-speaking-; West

rica: It
me enough used 10; be. the.

biggest food producer in the :
h region and could become a
Despite. the country’ 5 ‘

appalling: cconomic.
; probini, ‘Western ald’ of-
ficlals are. unanimous’ that
_ Mali ig not a naturally poor
- Although the

northern half is- bg ape od by

Wester sotticials, “Bay,
econémy could
be. given. ‘a major. boost

simply by. paying farmers —
‘more for, vat they produce,

' ‘The farmers are sup ,
_tosell their produce salely to
the government, at ‘prices
» which aid’ experts | consider
low.

produce is'then sold at low.

| Hed oem he bok servants:
. and those: in regions: -
such as Gao and Timbuktu, :
. Where toed. is scarce, De

t.
‘.

me sf ee ‘cm: Some » estimates put the

bf low r- ‘amount of cereals smug)
“Ts |: that; ae out as high as 250,000 t

out.of the‘country. a year

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