‘

- strange’ colorful Lorelei,
' this effect on many visitors. It

-Four million Paiteae from
demonstrations against the revision of the Japan-U.S.

“security treaty.”

all walks of life took part in

Photo shows Tokyo demonstrators,

after breaking through a police cordon, arriving at the
_entrance to the Diet to hand in their: petition.

signed in 1951, was~ opposed
by, all. forces in Japan that
fear re-militarization and seek
normalization of relations
with China.

The 1 new treaty will rome
* Japan to rearm, and become
another unsinkable aircraft
earrier for atom bombs.

Last year there were sever-
al. monster demonsirations in
Japan against revision of the
treaty. These will not stop with
the signing of the new treaty.

Revision of the old treaty, |

Arms pact resisted in Japan:
|premier’s party rocked hy split —

WASHINGTON—Last week a new Japan-U.S. treaty was signed here, which puts —
‘Japan into business as junior military partner with the U.S. in the Far East. The new
treaty means an anti-Chinese orientation has won in the Japanese government.

A campaign to mobilize pro-
test marches from every city,
town and village in Japan. to
demand abrogation of the Se-
curity Treaty and restoration
of diplomatic relations with
China, has already been. char-
ted by the Peoples Congress
Against Revision of the Secur-
ity Treaty.

Within Premier Nobusuke
Kishi’s own Liberal-Democra-
tic (tory) party splits are dev-
eloping around the treaty.

“The world has already en-
tered a new era and this is no

time to be engrossed in the
problems of security, such as
the revision of the Japan-U\S.
pact,” said Ichiro Kono,
Kono, called the “strong
man” of the Kishi party, is

‘said to represent the interests

of certain producers of con-

sumer goods (who. want to -
trade with China) against the

“zaibatsu,” who favor continu-’
ing the cold war impasse with

China and promoting arms ex-

ports to Southeast Asia as a

part of Japan’s economic drive

to re-enter that market.

Mexico's workers are most
By MICHAEL GOLD

MEXICO CITY—Really if you want to touch the soul
of a city, explore it on foot. Yesterday my wife and I
hiked ten or more miles through this immense metropolis
‘of five million, with its Parisian boulevards and fantastic
skyscrapers of glass and steel, its amazing museums, art
galleries, crowded markets of the people, endless slums of
crumbling adobe houses where innumerable children play.

‘The history of this city goes
far, far back into the Stone
Age, into the long centuries of
that fabulous Indian civiliza-
tion so ruthlessly and stupidly
destroyed by the white hunt-
ers of. gold.

And my wife expects to see
all this in a week. Customarily
a gentle soul, she has turned

' into the most ferocious of tour-

like a
has

ists here. Mexico;

is perhaps the Indian tradition
that is so new and intriguing.
But oh, what hell it all is on
the feet!.

iviz Kee OK

The economic classes ~in
Mexico are largely based on
ethnic lines. Mexicans who live
by rent, intérest and profiteer-

_ing are usually of Spanish de-

scent, or mestizos, of the min-
gled blood of the Spanish con-
quistador, Cortez, and his In-’

dian sweetheart, La Malinche.

But whoever plows the
Mexican earth, or picks the
early tomatoes on the vast
U.S. owned plantations in the
north, the hacker of the sugar
cane, the railroad izreman, tex-
tile weaver, copper miner, ma-
chinist, petroleum worker —
he is sure to have. the dark,
classic face and hawk nose of
the eternal Indian.

Mexico City has been built
over the city of Tenochitlan,
capital of the Aztec empire,
and often, in excavating, there
are uncovered some of the
strange temples and palaces of
long: ago.

And the people still live
mainly on the beans, chile and
corn tortillas. of the Aztecs.
and the faces carved on the
Toltec pyramids at Teotihua-*
can, some 18 miles outside the

city, are the same Indian faces

Bull’s eye i

MOSCOW — _The Tix st

: launching of the Soviet super-
- rocket has been
carried out. With a specially-

successfully

treated nose cone simulating

- its final stage, it covered more

than 7,700 miles at over 16,000

-m.p.h.

mebenterine the earth’s at-
mosphere about 50 miles up,

the cone and partially burnt- |,
out next-to-last stage hit the
water one and a quarter miles |
from the specified point in the
central Pacific on ‘Thursday

last week.

“The rocket. is tended for
launching in the direction of
other planets, which we shall |
be able to investigate with its
aid,”’ said Professor Alla Mase-
vich, the famous woman astro-:
physicist: “It marks an import-
ant BED forward in space re-
searc

Next step: a large Soviet
space station outside’ the
earth’s atmosphere from which.
it will be possible to observe
the stars.

you see all around you in the
streets today. ~
eke HS hs OK

One day we " withiessed the
yearly pilgrimage to the shrine
of the Virgin of Guadalupe.
She has a brown Indian face
and appeared one day to the
Indian peasant, Juan Diego,
and promised him she would
always take care of her poor
little Indians and give them
happiness.

It is the most sacred, most
national shrine in Mexico, and
the Virgin’s face was painted
on the banners of peasants
who fought in the War for In-
dependence from Spain. In her
blue gown and = gold starry
crown she also appeared on
the banners of the Indian sol-
diers who fought under Pancho
Villa and Emiliano Zapata. A
writer this week in Siempre,
a lively national weekly, as-
serts that the Virgin is more
of a social revolutionary than

Mexican people.

marching to her shrine. Some
are singing hymns; some crawl

panied by bands; many carry
the banners of their factories,

farm collectives or schools.

It is a mixture of: national:
holiday, —
tribal solidarity whose spirit
and significance it is hard for;
an outsider to grasp. But it is
touching-to see thé solemn In- |
dian faces move slowly: along:
After all the. centuries, they.
are still searching for bread
and human dignity.

» Some pilgrims » have put

down their banners. to. drink
some Coca-Cola at a peddler’s |
‘cart.

Its:
innocent

touching to see

those faces lifted

a religious symbol among. the #3

. In the sharp mountain sun- ee He ee
light, the people are solemnly| =

painfully for miles on their|
knees; some groups are accom- |.

church festival and|~

y Mexican Indians

trustingly as they imbibe the
bottled gunk of the new gold-

hunting conquistadors.
og eae 3

ham Lincoln of Mexico. His
picture is seen everywhere.
and in every school and every
public oration, he is made the
symbol of Mexican democracy.

It is not only the people’s
war in which he drove the
French imperialist invaders
into the sea that made him
Mexico’s greatest president
but also the constitution of the
great reforms that he gave the

people — the foundations of
democracy that he laid.
That democratic tradition

has been betrayed a hundred
times. It has. often seemed
dead, yet the dictators go and
the Mexican people and _ their
democratic traditions live on
miraculously. _
Ke hye
Jolting down the highway in

Benito Juarez is the Abra-

an old second-class bus on our
way to the Toltec pyramids at
Teotihuacan, -we_ passed
through miles of new factories
that are bringing industrializ-
ation to old Mexico. They were
enclosed like penitentiaries
with barbed wire, and bore
the names of American mon-
opoly capitalism; General Elec-
tric, Ford, General Motors and
so forth.

Only the mass production
made possible by the industrial
system can bring abundance
and culture to everyone in the
world. A - backward peasant
system of production can never
accomplish that.

The new factories look grim-
ly efficient: and clean. But
around them are the same old
adobe huts of the Mexican -
workers — one-room © shacks

with mud floors and no sanita--
tion. Imperialism is not here
to feed the country, but to
drain ii.

Mexico City’s skyline is a mixture of old and new

January 29, 1960—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Page 3