cel Page 2, Tha Herald, Monday, May 14, 1784 daily | h id | . a-~ Published every weekday af 3010 Kalum Street, Terrace, B.C. by Stevting Publishers Lid, Lied a4 second - Author! sigs mall, Registration Humber 1201. Poatspe pald In cash, ratureh postage: Weraneed Terrace: Clreulation: b5-4057 625-4009 Publisher - David Hamilton: Editor: Advertialng Sates; Brian Gregg Nick Waltons Stall Weiters-Photegra phar Sports: . Ralph Retchke . _ Holly Olson. ~ Reception-Class|iied: "Circulation: Claire Wedlay | Sue Gooten NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT ‘The Terrace-Kitimat Daily Herald Mewapaper ls politically Independent end a marriber of the British Columbla Press Couneli, . ee VICTORIA REPORT by FRANK HOWARD Skeena MLA | Last week's debate on the spending estimates of the Ministry of Forests centered on cuts to provincial reforestation programs. Since 1990, when a Five Year Forest Renewal Plan was announced with great fan- fare, more than-$100 million has been chopped from the original spending target for 1095. Forestry experts unanimously point to an alarming decline of 25- 30 per cent in B.C.’s timber: harvest unless cut-over lands are reforested and advanced management techniques are practiced. Such a decline could cost us ag much as 1 in 10 of all joos in the province and hundreds of millions of dollars of lost production. It is irrational to cut forest spending, which is not so much ean expenditure as itis an investment in our resource heritage. The Socred government's short-sighted approach is best illustrated by the decision to reject an offer of federal assistance to forest programs worth $50 million per year. All that is needed is a provincial commitment to match this level of spending. . Negotiation of a major new forest agreement could eliminate the bactlog of logged-over lands within the next decade and create the equivalent of 2,000 full-time jobs per year. Many times that number would benefit, in. fact, since work requirements are seasonal. Such a program would secure the future of 3,000 workers now employed in forest-based manufacturing and $20 million per year in industry shipments. These figures are based upon research conducted by the Canadian Forest Service's Pacific Research Branch. Investment in reforestation and advanced forest management practices shquld be an immediate priority of both government and industry. Unless swift and decisive action is undertaken, our leading in- dustry will further decline, and the real opportunities for further economic development based upon our resource base will be foregone. U.S. LONDON (AP) — The U.S. dollar Zainedon world currency exchanges early today and gold prices were little changed. The dollar jumped about two yen in Tokyo to close at. 231,50 yen, compared with Friday’s 229.75. - At mid-morning in Europe, the - dollar was slightly higher against most currencies, compared with late Friday rates: Frankfurt — 2.7762 West German marks, up from 2.7690. Zurich — 2.2920 Swiss francs, up from 2.28625. _ Paris — 8.5273 French francs, up are caught between the devil and the .: A search for the solution - P BUTCANYOU IMAGINE COLUMBUS AND. r iis 3 TINYSHIPS SAILING q ACROS¢ THE ATLANTIC,INTO WITORY, UNDER A BANNER b READING "GOOD EATS- PEDROS BODEGA'? to our $30-billion deficit OTTAWA (CP) — How the next Liberal leader of. Canada views the - country’s $3¢-billion deficit will have a direct impact on what kind of economy Canadians will face in the next 10 years. If he prefers the status quo and uses available funds to attack unemployment instead of the deficit, there is a danger that interest rates will be inexorably forced up, putting mortgages and consumer leans out of reach for the average Canadian. A decision to reduce the deficit by raising taxes or cutting government spending would lower domestic ‘investment which could send the shaky economic recovery into a tailspin. With more of their money going to. government, consumers and businessmen would have less to spend on goods and services. Without their investment, the economy would falter. . , So the seven‘ leadership hopefuls °: deep blue Sea in their“search ‘for economic solutions. They all agree the deficit should be reduced but some feel the problem is more urgent than do others, John Turner, a former finance minister who spent the last eight years asa Bay Street lawyer, says he can cut $15 billion from the total within seven years. This may in- volve increased taxes, reduced government spending — or both. But the peg he is hanging his plan onisa ‘revived economy in which business will prosper, flooding government coffers with income tax dollars. ” MANY SKEPTICAL Turner's plan has been greeted with some . skepticism by economists, who give him high marks for wanting to bring govern- ment spending into line but question whether he can chop $15 billion in seven years. Turner refuses to provide. dollar gains from 8.5120. Amsterdam . guilders, up from 3.110. Milan — 1,708.68 Italian lire, up from ‘1,705.35. London 1,29535 Canadian dollars, up from 1.29395. In London, the U.S. dollar was quoted at 231.70 yen. The British pound, meanwhile, bought $1.3815,. compared with $1.8855 Friday. oo _In Montreal, U.S. dollar is terms of Canadian funds closed Friday down 7-50 at $1.2051. _ Gold prices lost in quiet trading. in ~ -teak 3.1180 Dutch -- specifics, saying hehastolook atthe ~~ country’s books before he can get down to details. _ 7 His chief rival in the leadership- campaign, Energy Minister Jean Chretien, does not comment: on promises made by other candidates. His only observation on Turner’s plan was that Ronald Reagan won : the United States presidency by promising to bring down that country's deficit, a promise that remains unfulfilled. Chretien’s solution is to spur economic growth by reaching a new partnership among business, labor and government. With co-operation from all three groups, Canada would become more competitive, the economy would flourish and the increased revenues would help reduce the deficit. The energy minister is adamant that the problem should not be ad- “? “dressed byetitting social programs. Tuttier ‘sayshé doesn't plan to cut, social programs, but won't say what he will cut. . In announcing his candidacy last March, Chretien labelled unem- ployment his No. 1 priority and said that balancing the books for the sake of balancing them would condemn hundreds of thousands of young people to the misery of unem- ployment. ; . Justice Minister ‘Marc MaeGuigan, another leadership ‘candidate, took Turner to task at the Liberal policy session in Halifax last weekend. : oO “This week-one of us spoke of | cutting $15 billion from the federal © budget," he said, without identifying | Turner by name." MacGuigan said the idea was “bad economics and bad polities” - and that the government should not. spend the next five years ‘in the “wholly negative act of slashing |. goyernment spending to-cut the deficit.” today London, the metal opened at a bid price of $371.30 an ounce, compared - with Friday’s late rate of $372.. Later, the city's five bullion dealers: fixed a morning recommended price ; of $371.20. . . In Zurich, the bid price was $371.10, down from $372.50 late Friday. Earlier, in Hong Kong, gold rose’ 35 cents to close at a bid $372.79. Silver was quoted in London today _ at a bid price of $8.73 an ounce, down — from Friday's $8.765. ' In Toronto, silver was quoted Friday at $11,298 Canadian an. ounce. Instead, the government should do “something positive for Canada, ~ something Liberal — creating full employment." : oo At that same meeting, Economic Development Minister Don- Johnston took a crack-at Turner and other candidates whose ~~. economic statements have been long on ~ promises but short on. detail. Johnston is against raising taxes and wants to cut spending by selling money-losing Crown corporations and eliminating duplication of -services. He says increased economic activity is the key to reducing the deficit, which he said can be done but not overnight: MAKE IT GRADUAL. . Employment Minister © John Roberts says he follows the government line that the deficit should be -gradually reduced over three years. Its size is not prevens iii . ting those in the private.sector from obtaining investment says. - However, some economists. say large government deficits use up .most. of the available investment. capital in the market, making it difficult for private businesses to © obtain money at rates ‘they: can afford. When demand' for money "exceeds supply, interest rates are > forced up. . _. But Roberts says there is excess | capacity in the Canadian economy, industry is not operating at 100 per ‘~@ent and so demand for capital is low. © : ‘Tf _gangbusters and everybody wanted ‘money, then we'd have to adopt a . ~-orash program to reduce the defictt. - “At the moment, there is noneed for a “\disruptive, crash action to reduce . the deficit by drastic measures." Neither Indian- Affairs Minister’ “John “Munro nor ‘Agriculture ‘" Minister Eugene. Whelan ‘favor. immediate deficit-cutting action... -’ Munro says increased revenue is the " key, and thinks. the government "should assist industry in creating - ‘jobs. rather than concentrating on ' the deficit, “Whelan said thé way to reduce government waste is’ for every minister to know something about his department. “Then you'd have ministers who wouldn’t. have to solely depend on bureaucrats and you could reduce your deficits,” he said without elaborating. Whelan is convinced some of the candidates are playing politics with . the issue. “When they're talking about deficlts, t . politicians are a little tricky, you know. They know that certain things. the government is going to do and is doing will overcome that big deficit by attrition.” _ papital,, dea “mpeg the economy suddenly “went some. of these. ‘campaign ‘in exchange ) Police on alert | _.-as Filipinos go" | ~ to polling places *. boyeott.and two bloody shoatouts, ’ Filipinos crowded polling places today to elect a National Assembly in the first maior test of President Ferdinand “Mareos’ strength since the Benigno Aquino assassination. The latest violence came in a Communist rebel ambush that killed 17 soldiers notth of Manila and 6 shootout that killed nine people on the central Philippines island of Panay, both on election eve. Twenty-five million citizens were eligible to choose from among 1,000 candidates to fill 189 seats in the . assembly, . . Marcos’ party now holds all but a dozen seats, and he said he would be ’ surprised if his opponents won more than‘30. His wife Imelda predicted a "clean sweep” for the New Soclety Movement in metropolitan Manila, . where she has campaigned for 21 government candidates. “The government’s nearly 300,000 soldiers and pelice were placed on special alert’ after officials sald there were rebel plans to disrupt the voting in this 7,100-island country of 51 ‘million people. ’ Rebels ambushed and killed two officers and 15 soldiers late Sunday in Ifugao province, 240 kilometres north of Manila. A military report said the soldiers were operating 8 checkpoint to arrest people with firearms. : FIRE FROM JEEPS The military said the nine people were killed on Panay, 435 kilometres south of Manila, when men from two jeeps began shooting at each other ona bridge. The leader of one group was identified as re-election can- didate Arturo Pacificado, who escaped injury. ; Two-other candidates were killed during the campaign, which started March 27, and more than 30 other deaths were blamed directly on the election. More than 300 other killings were blamed on Communist rebels. Opponents were counting on discontent with Marcos’ rule to give them long-denied power, but they were dividéd into several camps, ' Some races featured a dozen’ or El Salva waedtotian Ae ae Hadas tk fib t - SAN SALVADOR (AP) = The presidential election, touted by the ‘Reagan administration as the road ta democracy and peace for El Salvador, has ended up alienating _ some of the most powerful elements ’.in the Central American country. A centralist, Jose Napoleon Duarte of the Christian Democratic party, will be inaugurated June 1 to . be president of this war-torn country “for the next five years. He won aa narrow victory May 6 over Roberto d'Aubuisson of the far-right * Republican Nationalist Alliance, or ARENA. ° : _ D'Aubuisson has been linked to . -. right-wing death squad activity, ° although the charges have not been proven, - . The © Reagan administration believes Duarte is the best hope for - bringing about a true democracy _ that will lead leftist rebels to lay down their arms and , Stream society. . .. However, when Duarte's victory was made official Friday by the Central, Election Council, — his ‘authority was. rejected by the powerful political right, led by d'Aubuisson. The victory was also rejected by the guerrilla movement, which called the election a farce, GOT U.S, SUPPORT ; Duarte’s main base of support comes from the United States, which apparently supported his -victory with as much as $2 million in secret funds;. and peasant and worker groups who backed Duarte’s for. a promised share in his government. ’ Business, through a communique -of the Productive, Alllance, which represents most of the private en- . voter registration last March. ° mes, oy Tig saiegthe seb is called:-a. rejoin main- © i more opposition candidates against Marcos’ powerful party. cit Several thousand people —ad-- yocating an election. boycott to protest against Marcos marched in {:. the southern cities of Bacolod:and =|: Cebu today, but election: officials 1) and observers said voting was brisk =| across the islands. 7 - ‘There were reports from various =| opposition members and cin dependent pollwatchers of ‘stolen ballot boxes, bullying of voters, phoney ballots and. illegal ;cam- palgning. nce However, Fidel Ramos, Philippine -constabulary chief, said the voting -would be "clean and credible.” ~ Polling officials applied. drops of ‘indelible ink to voters’ index fingers so they couldn't vote a second time. But an election watchdog group said ~ Ithad reports of people successfully “removing the ink. . eee RUN BOYCOTT CENTRES |::'' Leaders of the boycott campaign sald free and honest elections were not possible under Marcos’ rule and operated 31 ‘“people’s — boycott |, centres” throughout Manila and an, unknown number of similar centres =|, in other parts of the country. © ; The . boycott movement, spearheaded by Agapito Aquino, brother of Benigno Aquino, claims to have registered. more than’ 26,000 boyeotters simultaneously w th’ the The election is the first major test of Marcos’ strength since Benigno Aquino, his chief political rival, was &: killed Aug. 21. oe fe Critics accuse the military of }: killing Aquino.as he was stepping off = & a plane from three years in the = |; United States to lead the opposition =f election campaign. Marcos denies § government involvement. A commission investigating the killing is to resume hearings after the election. ‘ ; Aquino’s family has been ‘split over the election, with his widow - Corazon campaigning for opposition candidates and Agapito leading: the boycott movement. Failure to vote is punishable by a six-month jail term, ineligibility for — public office and a loss of further voting privileges. dor vote. - ni vere alse i wth . ty . by ao i as ERY ud farce ne tadbeu: ' terprise organizations. in. El | Salvador, praised the Salvadoran people for turning out to vote, but said the “clear intervention” of the — United States made a “grotesque: joke” of the electoral process, The army, the most powerful force in the country, promised to respect the Duarte victory, but lerge numbers of officers are not happy with the election, 10 commanders ‘sald. . Many are predicting a new out- _ break of violence. - “More than 45 per cent of the people in this country voted against Duarte, and they are not golng to sit by and watch him govern,”:a U.S. official said. “I got a feeling that ; pretty soon San Salvador is not going to be a healthy town to.live in.”. Official election’ results gave Duarte 752,625 votes, or 53.6 per ‘cent, to,651,741 votes, or 46.4 per _cent, for d’Aubuisson. = NULLIFIED , VOTES Election officials nullified 120,000 votes — larger than Duarte’s . _ Margin of victory — because the ballots were turned in blank,- marked wrong or otherwise in- correctly completed. Of the country’s 14 provinces, d'Aubuisson won the vote in 10 where the war is heavily con- ‘ centrated. Duarte teok only San Salvador and three western provinces where he began land ~ reform while head of a civilian- military junta in 1980. Hugh Barrera, d’Aubuisson’s running mate said the Duarte yie- tory is “not worth a thing to me” because ‘'the CIA won this election.” By Gordoo Hardy of the Paogle’s Law Sehoal The last of five articles on Young Offenders It Is a major prinelple of our system of justice that, if a judge makes 4 decision against you, you have a right to appeal his or her decision to another court. Until the federal government recently passed the Young Of- fenders teed te right was not guaran y le in frouble with the iw. Cader the new legislation, any young person who is found guilty of an offence by a Youth Court judge has the right to appeal. that finding. The right to appeal is just one of several important legal rights which young peuple acquire under the _ Young Offenders Act. Because the new Act makes young people more accountable for thelr actions than they were under the old Juvenile Delinquents Act, It also gives them more rights with regard to sen-. tences, appeals, records and other matters. - As with adult sentences,’ the sentences facing young offenders (called dispositions) must state that they are in effect for a certain amount of time and within certain maximum limits set out in law. For example, a young person cannot be bound by a probation order for a period longer than two years. The Young Offenders Act, which applies to any person between their 12th and 16th birthdays, also em- powers the courts to be flexible in altering its dispositions when the circumstances in any particular’ case warrant it, Say, for example, - that a Youth Court judge had or- dered a young offender to spend 1B months under supervision in a wilderness camp in a remote area. The law, in any case, requires a. review of such an order after 12 months. In our case, a number of things might happen which could warrant a second lock before the 12 months were up. The behavior of the young person might be so exemplary that the camp director might feel it was'a good idea to return the of- fender to his parents’ care. On the: other hand, the young offender _ might persist in attempting to run away. In either case, the ditector could apply to a Youth Court to vary the disposition so that it was more appropriate to the young person’s behavior. . . The parents’ likewise, or any other person who had an interest in the case including the young petson, could make an application to the Youth Court to change the disposition. As In all other stages of the case, the young person has a right to be represented by a lawyer. during the review. . And while the Young Offenders Act intends to make young people more réaponsible for their law- breaking, it does not méan for them to suffer the stigma of a criminal conviction into their adult lives. .A criminal record is a serious obstacie to many kinds of jobs, ovorgeas now have the right. to. appeal travel and other important op- portunities. A young person with a criminal record is starting audit life with a.major handicap, something the Young Offenders Act. want .to avoid. It, therefore, sets out detailed tules about the records of a-young person who has run afoul of the law. The Young Offenders Act permits the police to fingerprint and photograph a young person whom they have charged with a serious offence. If they do not press the charge or if the young person is found not guilty, they must then. destroy these records. If they do not, they are committing an offence. if the young person is found guilty, theauthorities are permitted to keep therecords fora certain period after. ‘the young person has completed the sentence. In the case of more serious or indictable offences such as murder, they may keep the records for a period of five years. If, at the end of this period, the young person has had not further brushes with the law, these records must be destroyed. In thé Jess serious or .will be used against summary ‘offences such ad shoplifting, the authorities may only keep ‘the ‘offender's: records for a period of two years, after which they must destroy them unless the young person has gotten into trouble again. In elther case, a young offender who is charged again before his slate is wiped clean will find that his past him at subsequent trial. - . ay However, if he avoids any further trouble with the law, his records will be destroyed and he will be able to Go into adultiife with a-clean record.