Pa I aS

USSR points danger 600 SIGN APPEAL
In rearming Germany Stop o = tests , urge

British scientists

LONDON—An impressive list of over 600 British scientists in practically every field,
including 69 Fellows of the Royal Society, have signed an appeal for the stopping of nuclear

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as a dressed to the British
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ker of the House of Com-

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By SAM RUSSELL
OW—The chairmen of the two Houses of the Supreme
the USSR have appealed to the British parliament to
the equipment of West Germany with atomic and
Weapons and so avoid the danger of a new war.

Conference proposes

Algerian government

TANGIER — Moroccan and
Tunisian political leaders and
representatives of the Algerian
National Liberation Front have
recommended formation of an
Algerian government.

The conference proposed set-
ting up of a North African
consultative. assembly com-
posed of representatives of
the Moroccan and Tunisian
National Assemblies and the
Algerian National Liberation
Front.

ye An East Berlin parade protests t
banner carried by paraders reads:
with atomic weapons. Fight for confe

weapon tests.

In a covering letter to Prime Minister Harold Macmillan accompanying the

appeal and the full list of signatories with the'r qualifications, Earl (Bertrand) Russell writes:

“T hope that you and your
government will accept the
opinion not only of the many
eminent scientists, but of mil-
lions of ordinary people, and
call an immediate halt to the
present series at Christmas
Island.”

The list of signatories also
includes 93 professors of sci-
ence and medicine at British
universities, including Oxford,
Cambridge, , London, Edin-
burgh, Glasgow, Belfast, New-

castle, Leeds, Sheffield, Liver-
pool, Manchester, Birming-
ham, Bristol, Reading, Wales,
Exeter and Southampton.

The initiators of the appeal,
the Campaign for Nuclear Dis-
armament and Lord Russell,
its president, stress that it has
not been circulated generally
among scientists in Britain.

The appeal urges an inter-
national agreement to stop the
tests be made now.

he arming of West Germany with nuclear weapons. The
“Prevent the equipment of West Germany’s NATO army
deration of the two German states.”

British co-ops do huge trade
despite monopoly comptition

LONDON — There must be
a revolution in cooperative
trading. The British coopera-
tive movement must be radi-
cally reorganised in all its
branches if it is to expand in
face of the growing competi-
tion of the multiple stores.

This is the conclusion arrived
at by an independent commis-
sion, under the leadership of
Hugh Gaitskell, which has
been examining cooperative
organisation in the last few
years.

The report makes an ex-
ceedingly drastic criticism of
many aspects of cooperative
organisation and makes sweep-
ing proposals for reorganisa-
tion.

It emphasises, however, that
despite its sharp criticisms the
movement has been making
good progress in a number of
directions.

“The movement now owns
over 30,000 stores, 250 factories
and the largest wholesaling
organisation in the country.

“Not content with past suc-
cesses, it has, since the war,
pioneered the introduction of
self-service in Great Britain;
and today nearly 60 percent
of all self-service shops are
cooperative.

“Tt is now leading the retail
trade in the development of
super markets; and in one of
its own traditional fields, it is
building, notably in the New
Towns, some of the most im-
pressive department stores in
the country.”

“Each nuclear bomb test
spreads an added burden of
radioactive elements over every
part of the world,” it says.
“Each added amount of radia-
tion causes damage to the
health of human beings all
over the world and causes
damage to the pool of human
germ plasm such as to lead to
an increase in the number of
seriously defective children
that will be born in future
generations.”

The signatories are the very
people who best appreciate
this part of the .appeal—pro-
fessors, doctors, readers and
lecturers in biology, biochem-
istry, obstetrics and gynaeco-
logy, genetics and research in
dairying microbiology, child
health and cancer research.

The appeal goes on: “So long
as these weapons are in the
hands of only three powers
an agreement for their con-
trol is feasible.

“If theting continues and the
possession of these weapons
spreads to additional govern-
ments, the danger of outbreak
of a cataclysmic nuclear war
through the reckless action of

some irresponsible national
leader will be greatly in-
creased.

“An international agreement
to stop the testing of nuclear
bombs now could serve as a
first step toward a more gen-
eral disarmament and the ulti-
mate effective abolition of
nuclear weapons, averting the
possibility of a nuclear war
that would be a catastrophe
to all humanity.

“We have, in common with
our fellow men, a deep con-
cern for the welfare of all
human beings. As scientists
we have knowledge of the
dangers involved and there-
fore a special responsibility to
make these dangers known.

“We deem it imperative that
immediate action be taken to
effect an international agree-
ment to stop the testing of all
nuclear weapons.”

In his letter to Macmillan
Lord Russell says: “I hope that
this appeal from those most
qualified to judge, will be
carefully considered by you
together with the fact that a
large majority of the British
people are in favor of the
suspension of the British tests.

May 9, 1958 — PACIFIC TRIBUNE—PAGE 3