tary: ‘eked DELHI, the Soviet offer would be dis- Last February India and the So-| viet Union signed an agreement mh Delhi for establishment of a eel plant at Bilhai, Tadesh, by 1958-59. ‘ The Soviet Union will help in Tection of the plant and training of personnel. : At the outset the plant will ' hee the capacity of one million tp a Ingots or 750,000 tons of; will Products. In addition it ‘ Produce 100,000 to 300,000 ns of foundry pig iron. | vee _#8reement is a landmark It: India’s economic development. | ee give India its second govern- ment steel plant, the first now ibe-} ng set up at Rourkela, Orissa, | ah the-help of the German firm : Krupps-Demag. : As th ; . : { om @ Times of India points “This is also the first major technical and economic aid for INdustrialization that the Soviet Nion is extending to a non- ommunist country.” rom the time the Soviet offer mn S made to the Indian govern- €nt it met with strong resistance Dot only from big business circles But a Iso from inside the govern- Ment, 7 Ave R. D. Tata, chairman of the foe Iron and Steel Company, at- = ‘ed the government for acting fat it were “totally unaware of = existence of a steel industry ae the country” and for not ‘Gaikwad “consultations with ‘the i ustry or to seek its views let One its assistance.” asturbhai Lalbhai, after a tour the USSR, declared that the Rae Union had nothing to offer . Ich India could accept with ad- antage, ae Padamji Ginwala made the Ka azing proposal that a firm of ting engineers from the shoei or Western Germany ae d be authorized to go to the Been Union to inspect Soviet for Plants and pass on them be: bas the Indian government ac- Sg the Soviet offer. 35 18 business circles began a “*Mpaign against the Soviet offer. nal ©mmerce, a big business jour- Rs wrote: ‘ Ru Accordingly, the danger of the 25 sae steel factory in India be- abe a cesspool of Communist Times seems to be more real.” € British High Commission- of fle Office at New Delhi tried its ya rest to pull strings in the cpties ministries—finance, pro- Beant even external af- tel S—to get the Soviet offer een eee! warning the Indian S°vernment that -acceptance of | there was strong opposition. Madhya | turbing to ‘investors in Britain. Inside the Indian government Two ministers, T. T. Krishnamachari and C. D. Deshmukh were report- ed to have opposed the proposal bitterly, «Krishnamachari suggest- ing that the government aid the Tata company rather than under- take a steel plant itself. When that suggestion was re- |jected, the opposition fought for setting up a half-million ton plant instead of a _ million-ton -plant, raising serious doubts about the capacity of the Soviet Union to set up a big unit at all. For four months opponents of the scheme fought to delay it until, on February 2 this year, | the agreement was signed. The terms, as revealed now, are the best the government has got from any. foreign country, and have surprised even critics of the proposal. By the Soviet agreement, “India can scrap the project even after the final project report. The agreement with the German firm of Krupps-Demag permits rejec- tion only after the preliminary re- ports and not the final project re- ports. Further, the agreement gives India the right of more thorough inspection at all stages than the German agreement does. Even the Soviet prototype plant will ‘be open to inspection by In- dian engineers. Although the German deal is by tender, the agreement stipulates that Germans shall act as techni- cal consultants and-advisers. So therezis no question of the tender going out of German hands. The Soviet agreement is a “package deal” .and as Indian Production Minister K. C. Reddy put it, “will _ |Soviet steel plant pact signed 4a b y India despite opposition give a valuable opportunity to In- dians to learn self-dependence.” The Soviet agreement includes a provision for utilisation of In- dian engineering capacity to the maximum. This means the Indian engineering industry can’ supply a lot of rquirements for the plant. Under the German agreement, the rolling mills to be set up at complete unit and the Indian en- gineering industry will get little opportunity to supply any parts. The Soviet egreement § calls for the association of Indian en- gineers right from the start. In projecting, designing and lab- rication, at all stages. Indian designers will get a chance to participate. In the German deal, this is left ‘to the con- venience of the German firm. It was this provision that led Production Minister. Reddy to re- mark: “Experience in erecting the plant would enable us to put up our own plants in future without much dependence on_ foreign help.” =f : The Soviet staff employed on the steel project will not have any diplomatic immunity. This is in marked contrast to the special facilities American specialists haye secured in many instances. The Soviet agreement allows for a liberal system of payments. The money is to be paid in instalments, starting after one year of the de- livery of the plant, at an interest lrate of 2% percent. in nine years. U.S. pressure forces scientists’ withdrawal WASHINGTON Government pressure on two leading physicists, an American and a Briton working in the U.S. thas compelled them to reject an invitation to attend a conference on theoretical physics in Moscow after they had announced accept- ance, The Briton, Dr. F. J. Dyson, of the Princeton Institute of Advan- ced Study, was told that he might not be readmitted to the U.S. The American, Prof. Richard Feynman, of the California Insti- tute of Technology, was told by the Atomic Energy Commission not to take the ‘unwarranted risk” of going to Moscow. A rumor that the Soviet Union would use its rupees to “sub- sidize fifth columns” in India was effectively spiked when the Soviet Union agreed to take payment in “biocked rupees, which means that the money will be placed to the credit of the So- viet government.in the Reserve Bank of India, and payments for purchases in India will be made against that account. The agreement is a vindication of the policy that the democratic parties and organisations have been calling upon the Indian gov- ernment to follow: to break away from the grip of the British and U.S. monopolists, develop econ- omic ties with the -socialist- world, and thereby protect national in- terests and sovereignty. The German deal calls for pay- ment on delivery, except for 30 jpercent which may be paid with- The Soviet Union has agreed to accept payment in Indian currency, with which it is expected to pur- chase goods on the Indian market. ‘The German deal calls for pay- ment either.in sterling or marks. a = ° ASS er, 1937-38,7 4 aha, 5 $ See tA Vo Rourkela are to be imported as a] é Chee Sie Pte dae ean Soviet polar camps during their drift. The Soviet government has begun an airlift to relieve sci- entists at its North Pole 4 camp. North Pole 4, were set up on drifting ice floes in the Arctic Ocean a year ago to conduct scientific research. A third camp, North Pole 5, is to be set up soon. Map shows location of the camps Two camps, North Pole 3 and In this tropical city, where Indonesian people see in the coming conference international recognition of the importance of their 80-million-strong nation. The Netherlands still retains West Irian (Dutch New Guinea), impairing Indonesia’s nation al unity. Monopoly capital domin- ates and all but cripples economic life. But Djakarta’s poor, who sleep on pavements, look to this conference as a milestone on the way to a better life. NEW DELHI The Asian countries’ conference opened here on April 6, with Mme. Rameshwari Nehru welcom- ing delegations from the particip- ating countries.’ “We are bound together by our countries and to ensure our free- dom and in the task of achieving world peace,” she said. The joint declaration of the prime ministers of China and In- dia, she pointed out, had placed before the world the five prin- common aspirations to build our]. DJAKARTA three million people jostle in a life of violent contrasts, the Asian-African conference which |opens April,18 is being prepared. ; The conference will be held in the Central Java mountain town of Bandung. There a committee of the five Colombo Powers is making ready to receive 300 delegates from 29 coun- tries, and 200 newspaper correspondents. ciples of peaceful coexistence as “a cure for the existing rising tensions of the world.” “We in Asia need peace more than anyone else. Most of us have just started rebuilding our coun- tries,” she declared. “The five principles of peaceful coexistence show the way to the preservation Of peace. Many Asian countries have already ac- cepted these principles. “Colonisation in all forms — open or covert — must go. “We must stand for peaceful development and resist all military pacts and arrangements.” Kuo Mo-jo, leader of the Chin- ese delgation, ‘said: “Peace in Asia guarantees peace of the world, and our solid- arity will be a tremendous force in the defence of peace, because on this continent live nearly one billion and a half people, which is more than half of the total world population.” Former city labo From Jim Bury, former secre- (COL) Vancouver Labor, Council now in Kenya as a represent- of the International Confer- of Free Trade Unions, came ative ence Confi tions Colon Cons, in the British East African Ny as the Pacific Tribune has istently exposed them. Bury charged that the colony W : es OMinated by its 40,000 Euro- Hei: Settlers who monopolized the land while 5,000,000’ Africans Out a bare existence on in- a Adequate ‘reserves. ” meualt ‘the colony’s union officials Tobi dem, « ity meen arrested and the major- addi re still being held, he said, mos “ that “this kind of at- “ihe ere virtually paralyzes trade ~ Wh, stowth.” Newo°® Bury's article in the Clo Was reprinted by two Nai- Papers there were immediate ands for his deportation. resteq ture at left shows ar- kobat) Africans. awaiting inter- Se in a camo near Nairobi. inforn. at right shows African ~™ers, hooded to conceal &ir identity. "mation this week of: condi- . PACIFIC TRIBUNE * r leader confirms terror in Kenya — APRIL 15, 1955 — PAGE 3 Indonesia ready : for big parley By RALPH PARKER