By SAM RUSSELL

‘

Bar force, China
proposes to U.S.

GENEVA

People’s China has proposed to the United States a joint declaration barring the |}

use of force by either side in disputes between them. It has also reiterated its suggestion

for a meeting between Chinese Premier Ch

Foster Dulles.

ou En-lai and U.S. Secretary of State John

The proposals were made in discussions here between U.S. Ambassador to Czecho-

- Soviets surpass

Wells’ dreams

_By RALPH PARKER

Speaking at the 1917 Revolution anniversary celebrations

MOSCOW

here, Soviet first Deputy Premier Kaganovich said that not
even H. G. Wells in his fantasies of the future could have
imagined what the USSR would grow into.

“It may be said without exaggeration that world history

knows no greater event for the
future of mankind than the 1917
Revolution,” he said. Premier
Nicolai Bulganin, Soviet Com-
munist party secretary Nikita
Khrushchev, and other Soviet
leaders were present at the rally
in the Bolshoi Theatre on the
: ‘ eve of the 38th
anniversary of
the Revolution.
Since 1950
real wages of
the Soviet
workers had
risen by near-
ly one-half and
were almost
double prewar,
Kaganovich
: said.
Warm applause greeted his an-
nouncement that in view of the
unsatisfactory. nature of housing
a decision had been taken to con-
centrate on housing in the im-

pending five-year plan, the sixth.

Kaganovich spoke from a ros-.
‘trum in the brilliantly lit theatre
in front of a portrait medallion |
of Lenin and Stalin, banked by
red and white flowers.

Kaganovich stressed the impor-
tance of improving production
techniques and the organization”
of labor if the Soviet Union was

not to lag behind the capitalist
world.

There existed shortcomings. in
industry, mainly the failure to
make full use of modern tech-
nology, unsatisfactory organiza-
tion of labor, bad and limited use.
of new techniques worked out
at the bench, and insufficient pro-
ductivity.

But, drawing a comparison
between capitalist and Social-
ist economies, Kaganovich said:
“We have no doubt whatever
of the result of competition be-
tween the two systems.— a
victory of the socialist system.”

Turning to foreign affairs,
Kaganovich said that 1955 had
shown that differences could be
solved by talks.

He listed the reconciliation with
Yugoslavia, the treaty with Aus-
tria, the agreements with India
and Burma, with the East Ger-
man Republic and with Western
Germany, and the evacuation of
the Soviet base in Finland, and
of Port Arthur, describing them
‘as “real actions for peace in the
world.”

The Soviet Union was doing
everything possible to help the

’ cause of peace in the world and
she was doing it not from weak-
ness, but fully conscious of her |

Commenting on world disarm-
ament, he said the Soviet Union

stood for control of disarmament

in contrast to the United States,
which wanted fo control arma-
ment. 2
Nobody in the ‘world wanted
war, Kaganovich said. The grow-
ing opposition of the peoples to
aggression had led to a relaxa-
tion of international tension. Now
even the leaders of the. bour-
geoisie had realized how strong
was the -people’s desire for peace.
While, until some time ago,
one could not credit them with

any serious steps aimed at re-)

lieving world tension, the Gen-
eva Conference of Heads of Gov-
ernment last July and its results
could now be jointly attributed
to the efforts of the four govern-,

ments. : ¥
But although the Geneva Con-
ference was important and had

brought about a relaxation in:

world tension, it was not yet be-

yond the resources of the enemies :

of peace to start a new war.

If the 19th century was the age
of capitalism, the 20th century
was the age of socialism and com-
munism, Kaganovich said.

But any attempt to foster rev-
olution—that ‘“inexportable and
highly national phenomenon’—
by force of arms would be tanta-
mount to imperialism itself.

The Soviet government did not
meddle in the internal affairs of
other countries. As Lenin said,
“Those who think that revolu-
tions can be created at will in
any state are either lunatics or
provocateurs.”

slovakia A. Johnson and Chinese
to Poland Wang

Ambassador
Ping-nan. They represent the
most important move yet made
to establish normal relations be-
tween the two countries. .

From the time the ambassa-
dorial talks started on August 1,
the U.S. has been demanding a
unilateral declaration by China
renouncing the use of force be-

jfore it would discuss improve-

ment of relations between the
two countries or measures to re-
duce international tension in' the
Far East.

The Chinese proposal calls
for a draft declaration to be
signed by China and the U.S.
regulating Sino-American re-
lations on the basis of para-
graphs three and four of Article
Two of the United Nations
Charter. : ;

(Paragraph three reads: “All
members shall ‘settle their inter-
national disputes by ~ peaceful
means in such manner that in-
ternational peace, security and
justice are not endangered.
(Paragraph four reads: ‘All
members shall refrain in their

| international relations from threat
or use of force against the terri-,

torial integrity or political inde-
pendence of any state.’’) “oe
People’s China is further pro-
posing that a high-level confer-
ence between the U.S. and China
be held at the earliest possible
moment to bring about an eas-
ing of tension in the Formosa
area. The USS. is insisting that
Formosa be named specifically
in any declaration renouncing the
use of force. ‘
Wang Ping-nan, who has been
pressing for more frequent meet-
ings to hasten agreement, has in-
formed Johnson that China con-
siders Formosa a question for
high-level discussion but is pre-
pared to include it in the scopé
of the present discussions if
Johnson has full power to pro-
ceed. ees
China, he points out, has al-
ready declared its desire to settle
the issue of Formosa by peaceful
means and has suggested talks
between the Chinese People’s
government and Chiang Kai-
sShek’s Formosa regime. -

Arabs, U.S.

clash on

self-determination

Saudi Arabia has clashed with

UNITED NATIONS, N-Y.
the United States in the United

Nations over the right of Saudi Arabia to nationalise its own—now

U. S.-owned—oil resources.

The clash came in the UN
Social, Humanitarian and Cultural
Committee which is discussing a
draft definition of the right of
nations to self-determination.

The draft at present states that
part of self-determination is the
right ‘of sovereignty over natural
wealth and resources. If agreed
to this would give under-develop-
ed countries the right to national-
ise their resources. oe

The clause is. being bitterly
fought by the U. S. Chamber of
Commercé, which has demanded

‘| “aggressive” U.S. action to op-

pose this clause.

The Saudi Arabian delegate to
the committee, Jamil M. Baroody,
accused the U.S. delegate, who
proposed the deletion of this
clause, of speaking only for U.S.
big business interests.

Stressing the need for under-
developed countries to have un-
mistakable and full sovereignty
over their resources, he pointed
out that such a view was. held
even by’ some organizations in
the U.S.

However, he said, the U.S.
delegate chose not to mention
these organisations but only to
speak for business groups.

Nazi generals back i

Two former Nazi generals have been commissioned by
West German President Theodor Heuss as the first generals :
the new West German Army. They are Adolf Heusinger (left) and
Hans Speidel (right). They will be the senior officers of
revived Wehrmacht, holding the rank of three-star gene :
Speidel was Rommel’s chief of staff in North Africa. Heusinge®
was on the Nazi General Staff from 1935 to 1945, his last

being chief of operations.

Brazilian army stages”
coup to thwart coup

RIO DE JANEIRO |

Army officers staged a coup in Brazil last week, claiming

‘that it was intended to thwart a similar action planne

navy and air force groups to prevent Juscelino Kub
trom assuming the presidency in January.

Humors of a coup have been
rife ever since Kubitschek, a
Social Democrat, won the presi-
dency in last month’s elections
with the support. of the semi-
illegal Communist party.

Two months ago, General Hen-
rique Teizeira Lott, who led last
week’s army coup, threatened
that if Kubitschek’s running mate,
Goulert, was
president the army would inter-
vene. Now Lott claims that the
army acted only to allow the
elected government to take office.

elected vice-

Lott resigned as war minister
on Thursday last week because,

he said, Carlos Coimbra da Luz, ,

temporary president, had failed
to back his demand for discip-

linary action against an army | -

colonel who had made an anti-
Kubitschek speech.

In the early Hons of Friday
morning, Lott led the coup which
forced da Luz from the office to
which as president of the House
of Deputies, he had succeeded
only three days before when
President Joao Cafe Filho took
an indefinite leave of absence to
recover from a heart attack.

Da Luz and several of his minis-
ters took refuge on ‘the cruiser
Tamandare but a few hours later
Da Luz ordered the vessel to re-
turn to Rio de Janeiro harbor,
declaring it was his last official act
as president.

A joint session of both Houses
of Congress declared da Luz “no
longer eligible to be president”
and chose Nereu. Ramos, leader
of the Senate, to succeed him.

PACIFIC TRIBUNE —

‘

; i ieee:
NOVEMBER 18, 1955 ae pack ‘

by
itschek :

Court frees" - .
Till lynchers”

‘NEW Bsa
The confessed kidnappers °
14-year-old Emmett Till htt
cleared last week of kidnapping
the Negro lad by a Leflore cou?
ty grand jury in MississipP.
W. Milam and Roy Bryant thv®
are now free of possible further
state prosecution in Till’s kidnap”
murder. : :
The grand jury proceeding
lowed a trial in neighboring a ae
lahatchie county where 4? © ie
white jury cleared the tw ig ;
murdering young Till. _ a
county officers have testified s
Bryant and Milam admitted #
ing Till from the home © ight
uncle, Moses Wright, the PF
of August 28. ;
Three eee later the body of :
Emmett Till, battered and W's
ed d j cotton oe
was Sue ey the Tallahatcl®
River and identified by WHG7)
Indignation meetings. spree
out the Negro community wide
U.S., reinforced by world-W pi
protest, compelled MississiPy ;
authorities to promise actoP ~~
the case.

g fol-

But the perfunctory pure
trial and the equally perfun nly
grand jury session were the 0"
actions taken. Ree pga
Action by the U.S. Justice a
partment appeared the last ee i
sible recourse to stop Mis gto ;
terror directed against the *©7
people. vit:
; Till was the nt
im of lynching in
this year. In the earlier Inet
ings, those of Rev, Georg’)
Lee and Lamar Smith, otk
was not even the formally et
prosecution. BA er cree 79.
The grand jury’s decision 10
the Till case was announce n.
Circuit Judge Arthur Jordam
“Gentlemen, in the cas© ¢ no
are interested in, there W# ters:
bill returned,” he told repor™”