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REFUGEE RETURNS

Szabo bares West's.

role in Hungary

By WALTER HOLMES

BUDAPEST
The story of conspiracy that
lead to counter-revolution in
Hungary and how he met a
British officer who told him
in advance the date of the
planned uprising, was reveal-
ed here by Miklos Szabo, for-
mer refugee leader.

Szabo, who returned to Hun-
gary a month ago after two
years opposition activity in
the West, was speaking to some
200 Hungarian and foreign
correspondents at a Budapest
press conference.

His story embraced methods
of organization, training of
spies and enlistment of “free-
dom fighters”. in readiness to
be sent across. the Hungarian
frontier at the appointed time,
armed and financed from Am
erican sources.

He said the Italian govern-
ment offered money, and sent
the first installment to its
Budapest legation.

The planned rising was
backed also. by the British
Secret Service and Bela Kir-
aly—insurgent commander of
the Budapest garrison, during
last year’s revolt who, Szabo

_ Said had the support of Ameri-

can military leaders.

Kiraly also had talks with
North Atlantic Treaty Organ-
ization leaders about forming
a NATO division of Hungarian
refugees, Szabo said.

He added that during the
1956 rising the Italian ambas-
sador in Vienna backed the for_
mation of a “counter-govern-
ment” in Gyoed, West Hun-

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gary, by a local leader, Atilla
Szigety, against the govern-
ment led by Imre Nagy, then
in power in Budapest.

A representative of Radio
Free Europe (the American
anti - Communist broadcasting
station) went to Gyoer and
suggested that the counter-
government should seek rec-
ognition from other countries
and the United Nations.

The Italian ambassador in
Vienna offered to help and
Said that if Szigety would write
a letter he would send it to his
government, which would for-
ward it to the United Nations.

Szabo added that he was in
Hungary himself last Novem-
ber during the rising and -had
talks with leaders of the
Smallholders (Conservative)
party, including Josef Kova-
go, former mayor of Budapest,
to prepare the way for return
of Ference Nagy, former
Smallholders’ prime minister,
who fled to the West in 1947.

Szabo, well groomed and

‘apparently in good health ex-

plained that his réason for re-
turning to Hungary was dis-
illusionment and disgust at the
emigte life in capitalist society
and conviction that the only
place in which to work for the
good of the Hungarian people
was in Hungary.

Asked how he had’ been able
to return, he replied that he
has found it easier to return to
Hungary than to leave it. Sza-
bo fled to Austria in 1955 after
serving a term of imprison--
ment here,

After the liberation in 1945
he was a leader of the Small-
holders’ ‘party. Explaining
that he was not a Communist,
Szabo said he set himself: to
work in Austria for the inter-
ests of the Hungarian people.
His principles were humane
and he had no intention of
joining in violent counter-
revolutionary schemes.

With a mass of detail Sza-
bo thoroughly demolished the
“spontaneous national upris-
ing” fiction of the United Na-
tions report. Of his own dis-
illusionment, he said, he had
become convinced that there
was neither hope nor future

for the emigre who sought to-

work
abroad.

In those circles there was no
interest in Hungarian people’s
welfare, but only in profit. He
had seen that it was all the
same to them whether Egypt,
Syria or Hungary was the vic_
tim. }

If the U.S. plans for inter-
vention had succeeded they
would have made of Hungary
a second Korea.

in ,imperialist circles

a Os ha BEES CS

bricht, East. German Communist leader, in East Berlin.

in German

i : : ted 1
On Monday this week, October 7, the German Democratic Republic clot ‘afl
of achievement and progress which have profoundly

eighth birthday — eight years
enced the course of European

Its very. existence has af-
fected the entire European
situation, for this socialist part
of Germany must be taken
into account in solving most
European problems; but, above
all, in the cardinal question of
Germany’s future.

Sooner or later the two Ger-
manys will have to negotiate
on reunification (the GDR has
made nearly 90 proposals on
this to Western Germany).

In the meantime the GDR is
extending its ties throughout
the world, developing its in-
dustry and increasing its pres-
tige. ‘

Its rich cultural life, so gen-
erously* supported by the gov-

‘ernment, has won its acclaim

all over the world. The visits
to London and Paris of the
late Berthold Brecht’s Ber-
liner Ensemble were outstand-
ing theatrical events in these
capitals.

Equally successful were the
Paris and Wiesbaden season-
ons of the East Berlin Comic
Opera Company, the visit ‘to
Latin America of the Thom-
aner Boys Choir, and of the
Dresden Philharmonic Orch-

‘ estra to Britain.

In the industiial field its
achievements are prodigious—
all the more so when it is re-
membered that over 90 per-
cent of Germany’s steel and
hard.coal lie in the western
part of the country. Never-

By. PHYLLIS. ROSNER

affairs.
theless, the GDR is now rated
as the fifth most industrialized

.couniry in Europe.

Its exports of machinery
have increased fivefold since
1950; its cameras and other
fine precision products are
world famous, as are its Meis-
sen china and Bluethner pianos.

The GDR is not only depen-
dent on imports for the greater
part of its iron ore and hard
coal, but also for many metals.

It must also import. every
single coffee and cocoa -bean,
all citrus fruits, over a third
of its wheat requirements,
four-fifths of fresh fish- con-
sumed, a fifth of the butter
consumption (the highest in
Europe, by the way), and many
other goods.

To import it must export,
and the GDR now trades with
more than 100 countries. Nat-
urally, its main partners are
the other socialist countries,
with whom it does 74 percent
of its foreign trade. With
Western Germany it does 11

percent, and with the Western’

world 15 percent.

Recently it has particularly
developed its trade with the
Middle East and Asian coun-
tries. GDR designers, engin-
eers and workers are prepar-
ing to instal, complete plants
ready to start preduction, for
China, Indonesia, Egypt, India
and other countries. :

Contact is not confined to

emocratic |

é » t
other Middle East couD

F = ; sree Ul-
Soviet Communist party secretary Nikita Krushchev is seen here greeting Walter

No Krupps or Speidels hold po wer

epubli¢

L

trade. In the past
GDR. deputy premiers;
rich Rau ¢also minister 3 i
foreign trade) and Paul i

have visited Egypt for Ug |
sions with Colonel Nasset
other leading politicians: Z
number

Rau visited 2 riess

and: also went’ to India,
he saw Premier Nehrus is |
At the same time hee
a constant stream of Meni
to the GDR wanting + -
things for themselves- am :
Soviet Communist party * and |
retary Nikita KrushcheY 5
Soviet deputy premier

ne
koyan headed a delestt he
which stayed a week, rupli

eee)
President Ho Chi Minh
the Vietnamese People’s

public was in the GDR gee?

‘More than 40 MPs have |
for themselves conditions Lar
The last group were seve? fot’
bor MPs including three “|,
mer ministers in postw@?
bor govérnments.

In a statement they P°
out that they were le
“with a greater realization
the problems and diffic¥
of its people.” of

These and thousands - rts
other visitors from all Pee
of the world have bee? *

inted
vine

ere
‘to see for themselves th@ x 4,

is another Germany for
where there is no place
Krupps ‘or Speidels.

40
October 11, 1957 — PACIFIC TRIBUNE—PAG®