bes

‘NO ONE MORE DESERVING’

An interview wih
Dr. Linus Pauling

By SAM KUSHNER.

LOS ANGELES — For those
who have walked, demonstrated,
picketed and petitioned for peace
— and have been subjected to
harassment and intimidation as
a result — Oct. 10, 1963, was a
day long to be remembered,

Not only was it the day on

-which the nuclear test ban treaty

took effect. It was the occasion
also on which one of the most
ardent champions of that treaty
— often maligned for his peace
activities — was singled out for
an honor never before accorded
to any other man,

? , ?

Dr. Linus C. Pauling became
the first individual to win two
Nobel Prizes when on Oct. 10 he
was awarded the coveted Nobel
Peace Prize for 1962. This made
him one of those rare people in
history who fought for a cause,

_ suffered because of it, and saw _

himself vindicated all within his
lifetime.

Last Monday night (Oct.14)this
reporter, interviewing Dr. Paul-
ing in his Passadena home, asked
him what significance the award
had for others. He replied:

**T feel that this award should
encourage the nonconformists of
the world, the people who refuse
to be suppressed, the people who
believe they are individuals and

have the right to speak out.”

From around the world mes-
sages of congratulation, more

than 1,000 of them by Monday

night, spelled out something else.
* * *

They were from peace com-
mittees and leaders of peace
movements, from scientists and
from heads of great scientific as-
sociations,

They expressed gratification
that, as J. D. Bernal, head of
the World Peace Council, in his
wire to Dr. Pauling putit, ....
«*’.. your long and courageous

consistent campaign against nu-_

clear weapons and tests thereby.

achieves official recognition.’’

On Dec. 10, Dr. Pauling and
his wife and co-worker, Ava
Helen, will be in Oslo for the for-
mal presentation of the prize.

Dr. Pauling feels that in all
justice the award should have
been shared by him and his wife
and he hopes that in Oslo, their
four sons will be in the audience.

Dr. Linus Carl Pauling Jr., a
psychiatrist now practicing in
Honolulu, has already indicated
that he will be there.

In a statement to the Honolulu
press Dr. Pauling Jr. said, ‘‘To
my way of thinking myfather was
the one person in the United
States most responsible for crea-
ting the public opinion that would
make it possible for the Senate
to ratify the test ban treaty.’’

: * * *

But’s a son’s pride in his fa-
ther’s accomplishment did not
prevent him from reminding
others that honors were not al-
ways bestowed in that direction.

In 1951, Dr. Pauling, as one of
the world’s leading chemists, had
been invited to dedicate the new
University of Hawaii. Because
of McCarthyite political pressure

- the invitation was withdrawn.

Asked about the significanceof
bestowing the award on him, Dr.
Pauling replied with a smile,
‘The world will draw its own
conclusions — it is too difficult |
for me to analyze myself.”’

But there were others who
rushed to express their opinions.
The Pasadena Star-News jn its
Oct. 11 editorial gave one answer
when it said, ‘‘If Dr. Pauling is
pro-anything he is pro-human-
ity.”?

Like a good neighbour, the edi-
torial continued, ‘‘We are proud

‘that a member of our community

should have brought world wide
honor to it not only as ascientist
but as a humanitarian.”
SS eS
Not so good a neighbour was
The Los Angeles Times, On the

Socialism raises
Life span in USSR

By JOHN WEIR

Socialism has added nearly 40
years of life, on the average,
to every man and woman in the
Soviet Union. Whereas before the
Revolution Russians could count
on only 32 years of life on the
average, today that average has
risen to 70 years—the ‘‘three
score and ten’’ of the ancients,

The population of the Soviet

‘Union recently passed the 225

million mark, a natural increase
of 35 million (equal to about twice
the population of Canada) during
the past 10 years.

This speaks not only ofthe high
birth rate in the USSR (the birth
rate was high in tsarist Russia
too, it is today in some other
countries also), but particularly
of the low mortality rate, which
today is the world’s lowest. So-
viet babies have 8.5 times as
much chance to survive as did
Russian infants in 1913!

And the Soviet way of life,
guaranteeing work, leisure and
medical care to every individual,
with pensions at 55 years for
working women and 60 for men,
results in the preservation of
human life and continually mak-

ing it longer and better.

Today per capita consumption

of high-calory foods — meat, but-
ter, milk, eggs, sugar — is from
1.5 to 1.9 times greater than it
was 10 years ago.

While still working to catch up
with the United States on per
capita production in many in-
stances, the USSR is already de-

‘monstrating its superiority in

service to the interests of the
people, first of all in the realm
of protecting and prolongong hu-
man life itself.

And who are the people that
are reaping the benefit of this
care?

Latest statistics show that of
the 225 million Soviet people
165,600,000 are industrial, cleri-
cal and professional workers (or
members of their families), 59,-
200,000 are collective farmers
and handicraftsmen — and not
a single capitalist, landowner,
banker, businessman or ‘‘kulak’’
(rich farmer who hires laborers).

So the Soviet ‘‘averages’’ mean
our kind of people, workers and
farmers, which cannot be said of
the averages in capitalist coun-
tries,

Socialism is certainly paying
off in terms of human welfare.
And the Soviet Union is setting
the pace in this regard in the
peaceful competition between the
two social systems in the world,

CSPI eH lewed OTHe OR L eet

same day itpraised Dr. Pauling’s
‘‘high ideals’? and then wentonto
castigate everything Dr. Pauling
believes in. The Nobel Prize
winner was told by The Times
that his ‘‘role as a peace seeker,
a turner of the other cheek, was
outdated even when Paul started.
to preach.’’

Monday night Dr. Pauling Iook-
ed his 62 years. Asa result of .
the award, their life had been a
turmoil for days. Sitting inhouse
slippers with a blue beret cover-
ing the balding part of his head,
grey hair protruding from the
sides, the Nobel prize winner
quoted what others said about the -
award.

That the Nobel prize commit-
tee in Norway attached great
significance to the date of the a-
ward and to his initiation of the
campaign for 11,000 signatures
among scientists of 50 nations to
outlaw nuclear warfare, seemed
part of the answer to him.

Characteristically, he took
time out to set the record —
straight. There were signatures
presented from only 49 countries,
**because I lost one behind my
desk.”’ .

As for the future. ‘‘My feeling
is that I shall devote half of my
time to science and the other
half to peace, I enjoy my scien-
tific work but my conscience dic-
tates that I continue my work for
peace — it is a duty one owes to
humanity.’

eee ee

‘DR. AND MRS. LINUS PAULING are shown together with big smiles

{Nobel prize for the second time.

The next steps in the campaign
for peace, as he sees it, Dr.
Pauling said, had already begun.
Making Latin America, Africa
and Asia nuclear free zones was
the next job. In August when he
and his wife visited Latin Ameri-
ca with a group of representa-
tives of the World Peace Council
they met with government leaders
in Chile, Argentina and Brazil
in pursuit of this objective. The
Paulings also visited Mexico.

The wires of congratulations
gave evidence of Dr. Pauling’s
many-sided interests and asso-
ciations,

‘*No man on earth is more de-
serving of the Nobel Peace
prize,’’ a message from the Intl.

Longshoremen’s & Warehouse-—

men’s Union, signed by Harry
Bridges and J. R. Robertson
said. And pulling it out of a wad
of messages, Dr. Pauling proud-

ly said, ‘‘I am anhonorary long-
~shoreman, you know. I am a
_member of that union.”’
'. Another message was from the
Soviet Academy of Sciences of
which he is also a member.

Hereabouts they speak of the
Pauling paradox. They speak of
the pacifist who is a militant,of
the man who takes life very ser-
iously, yet has a great sense of
humor, who is greatly honored,
yet a most modest man.

The Nobel prize will not sub-
stantially change Dr. Pauling’s
life, He is already talking of
participating in new peace de-
monstrations, walking on picket
lines, gathering petitions. Only
he thinks that he’ll have a lot
more company, because one of

the consequences of the award, —

Dr. Pauling believes, will be that
‘it will encourage other profes-
sional people to speak out.’’

[By NELSON CLARKE

TH column has had occa-

sion before to make the
point that there is always the
danger in a country like Can-
ada of over-estimating the
stability of
capitalism
and of fail-
ing to see
at work the
underlying
revolytionary
forces in the 3
world which
are profound-
ly affecting
our own
country. ;

It is easy to make such a
mistake when we look only
at surface indications, such
as for example the re-election
of the Tory Robarts govern-
ment in Ontario with an in-
creased majority.

This is a good time to again
call attention to the new
thinking about the world of
today which is being develop-
ed by the Communist move-
ment, World Marxist Review
for August, 1963 carried an
editorial article which should
be closely studied by all so-
cialist-minded people.

It begins by taking into ac-
count the great changes in the
_world:

- **The world today is chang-
ing faster than it ever did be-
fore. The scientific and tech-
nological revolution is in-
creasing man’s dominion over
nature at an unprecedented
rate. The first steps in space
exploration have been taken.
_ But perhaps even more sig-
nificant is the fact that today

DON’T OVERESTIMATE
CAPILALIST STABILITY ©

the requirements of all in
food, clothing, housing and
education could be fully met
if only the world’s productive
forces were put to planned
rational use. That this hasnot
been done is due to capital-
ism, under which even the
greatest of scientific and tech-
nological achievements are
used not in the interests of
the peoples but to create in-
struments for the wholesale
destruction of life,’’

* * *

There is no reason why a
single family in Canada or
anywhere else in the world
should be living in slums.

_There is no reason why any-
one should be deprived of the
very best medical treatment
that modern science can pro-
vide, There is no reason why
any young person should lack
for all the education and
training he or she wants to
have, There is no reason why
the threat of nuclear war to
the lives of all of us should
continue to hang over the
world. No reason, that is, but
the continued -existence of
capitalism.

These truths are still large-
ly concealed from most Can-
adians by those who own and
control the machinery of pub-
lic information in our country
— but they are becoming
HARDER to hide all the time,
Indeed, in their own way Can-
adians who do not yet see
the need for socialism are de-
manding reforms that would
have been dismissed as com-
pletely unrealistic only a few
short years ago,

There are millions of Can-

adians right now who are con-
vinced that they have a right
to full medicare, and to an
adequate standard of living in
their old age, and willy nilly
capitalist politicians are being
forced to take these demands
into account.

Canadians are impelled to
make these demands not only
because of their own condi-
tions of life, but because they
come slowly perhaps but ne-
vertheless surely, to under-
stand, that in the socialist
countries the problem of
bringing about a steady in-
crease in living standards has
been solved.

Furthermore, Canadians
are inspired by the struggles
of other peoples, in most dif-
ficult conditions, to win 4
‘better life. They see the Cuban
people successfully standing
up to the United States col-
losus. They see the Negro
people in the United States
itself demanding freedom and
equally NOW.

* * *

What is taking place in the
world is summed up by the
editors of World Marxist Re-
view in these words:

‘the three great revolu-
tionary forces of our time—
the socialist world system, the
revolutionary working: class
and general democratic move
ments in the capitalist coun” |
tries, and the national-libera »
tion movement. — are orgai~
ically interlinked and interac~
tive. These three movements
merge in a single revolution=-
ary stream which is under”
mining and will sweep away
world imperialism.”’

November 1, 1963—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Pe

Jafter receiving congratulations from around theworld on winning the