De OE Sa ee SO oI SS Se a

“ MONGOLIA’S BIRTHDAY,

n July 11 the Mongolia Peo-

ple’s Republic celebrated its
43 birthday, This second oldest
Socialist state has traversed 4
long and difficult road in its
transition from medieval feud-
alism to socialist society,

Mongolia, a country about the
size of Quebec province, is situ-
ated almost right in the heart

of Asia, bordering on the Soviet ~

Union in the North and the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China in the
south,

In the years of popular power
it has created its national in-
dustry from scratch and made
radical changes in agriculture,
In 1962 Mongolia joined the
Council for Mutual Economic As-
sistance and has been receiving

From feudalism
to socialism

and apartment building are re-
placing the ‘‘gers,”’

The national dress in Mongolia~
is the ‘‘del,’’ It is a long robe
with a high close collar and long
sleeves, It is wrapped around the
body from left to right and bound

- tightly round the waist with a

broad girdle,

The traditional footwear of
Mongolia is the ‘‘gutul’? — a
knee-high heel-less soft leather
boot with pointed and turned-up
toe piece,

For the Mongolian women, pre-
cious ornaments are something -
indispensable, They usually wear
gold or silver ear-rings, brace-
lets and rings, often inlaid with
precious stones and pearls,

valuable aid from the US,S.R,
and other socialist countries,

’ Population of Mongolia is just

_over the one million mark, Com- -

.pared with the figure before the
revolution in 1921, the popula-
tion has doubled,

Women in Mongolia are al-
most equal with men in number
and quite equal in the social sta-
tus, AS a matter of fact, even
in olden times they were not so
‘badly humiliated and enslaved as
women in other countries of Asia,

Most of the people live in
*“‘eers,’? These round-shaped
tents of wooden framework with
a low cone set on top andcovered
with layers of felt and cloth, are
better known abroad as ‘‘yurts,’’
The open space on top of the
cone lets in the sunshine and
fresh air, The ‘‘ger’’ is extreme-
ly easy to move, requiring little
‘time in pitching and decamping,

Nowadays, in the cities and
towns, wooden or brick houses

| Picture shows the state printshop in Ulan Bator.

A really famous Mongolia drink
is fermented mare’s milk, the
delicious and nourishing ‘‘air-
ag’? which is better known to
foreigners as *‘koumiss,’’

The traditional sports of the
Mongolian people are wrestling,
horse racing and archery, They
are part and parcel of National
“Day celebrations which continue
for three days,

Mongolia is divided into 18
provinces which are sub-divided
into regions, Ulan Bator, the ca-
pital, with a population of over
200,000, is a self-dependent ad-
_Ministrative unit,

Animal husbandry provides the
population with plenty of nour-
ishing food; meat, milk, butter,
etc, Mongolians are heavy eaters
and consume more meat than
North Americans, An outdoor
people, they are strong andheal-
thy; as far as food is concerned
they have by far the highest living
standard in Asia,

ANNUAL WBA PICNIC
CENTRAL PARK

‘SOUTH BURNABY

SUNDAY — JULY 26th

12 NOON ON

@ SPORTS @ GAMES ®@ MUSIC

@ EXCELLENT FOOD
ALL WELCOME

In case of rain picnic will be held at 805 East Pender St.

_ Guniea,

The map of Africa
is quickly changing

oll up that map, it will not

be wanted these 10 years,”’
William Pitt said after the battle
of Austerlitz, He was referring
to the map of Europe,

“The same could be said today
of the map of Africa, drawn by
19th century European states-
men,’’ London Daily Telegraph
correspondent E, W. Ascroft
ywrote in 1959, ‘*The difference
is that this map will never be
needed again,’’

That was only five years ago,
but how the image of Africa has
changed! The number of inde-
pendent states has increased
more than fourfold, Many names
abhorrent to Africans have dis-
appeared from the map: French
Guinea, French Sudan, Gold
Coast, British Cameroons, Brit-
ish Somali, Andnew, proudnames
have appeared: the Republic of
the Republic of Mali,
the Republic of Ghana, theSomali
Republic, the People’s Demo-
cratic Republic of Algeria,

Last year saw two more coun-

tries, Kenya and Zanzibar, ad-
vance to independence, Now the
whole of East Africa has broken
out of British colonial rule and

has become an ‘independence
zone,’

In April, Zanzibar and Tanga-
nyika joined in a single state,
the United Republic of Tanganyi-
ka and Zanzibar,

Central and South Africa, colo-
nialism’s last line of defense,

are next on the order of the day, ¢

And it is most likely that colo-

U.S. engineers to control —
B.C. Columbia River board _

he -B,C, government is set-

ting up a five-man Columbia
board of review of which three
will be U.S, citizens andnoneare
from B.C., to review the designs,
sites, selection of construction
material and plans for Mica, Ar-
row and Duncan Dams,

This startling news was re-
vealed in Hansard (July 2, page
4933) in a question asked by H,
W. Herridge,
West), Herridge asked External
Affairs Secretary Paul Martin
whether he had ‘‘any information
to give the house with respect to
this most unusual announce-
ment,’’

When Martin refused to answer

the question by suggesting that it -

should be addressed to ‘Dr,
Keenleyside and the government
of B.C.,’’ Herridge asked: **Does
the hon, gentleman agree with

this type of action on the part of

the B,C, hydro and power auchor-
ity as a result of which three
senior engineers of the U.S, will
be in a majority with respect to
all these considerations affecting
the Columbia?’’

Martin again refused to a>swer
the question by saying it was a
matter which comes under the
control of the B.C, government,
Most British Columbians were
unaware of the announcement by
Dr, Keenleyside setting up this
board until the matter was raised
in Parliament,

A further development last
week was the announcement from

(NDP Kootenay -

THE MAP OF AFRICA is changing, and so are its people. This striking

hool-at ds in striki

first grade pupils at a Konakry, Gui

trast to the miserable lives of Africa’s children under colonial rule

nialism will be finally -buried
here, ;

Liquidation of the racist Fe--
deration of Rhodesia and Nyasa-
land to proclaim independence
before the end of the year, the:
mounting fight for freedom in
Angola, Basutoland, Swaziland,
Southern Rhodesia and South
.Africa — these and many other
facts are proof that the time is
not distant when colonialism will
cease to exist everywhere,

Sine in Revolution africaine

New York that a huge aluminum
plant will be built near Belling-
ham, Wash,, at a cost of $60

million, to use vast quantities of

Columbia hydro being made-

available to the U.S, as a result
the Columbia River treaty,

During the recent Columbia
hearings in Ottawa many witnes-
ses, including Gen, A, G, L, Mc-
Naughton warned that plans were
afoot to build a large aluminum
complex in the U,S., near the
Canadian border, which would be
able to produce aluminum more
cheaply than Kitimat because of
cheap hydro provided from th
Columbia, :

McNaughton charged in his tes-
timony that the Columbia treaty
would encourage. industrial de-
velopment in the U.S, northwest
which would undermine Canadian
industry and result in loss of
many jobs for Canadians,

During the treaty hearings in
Ottawa Bruce Yorke, represent-

NEXT WEEK

“The monopoly - gov’.

gang-up on labor —

What must B.C. unions

|
do?”

by Nigel Morgan

_companies, one of them

July 17, 1964—PACIFIC TRIBUNE

, primary

But the process of nati0
beration does not end Wi
mination of direct foreig?
tical domination, Where
been eliminated, the peopl
faced with the complex PY
of consolidating their i
dence and placing it om ©
social and economic found

ple

Another problem is tO wip
economic and cultural packw
ness, poverty and hunget 3
result of colonial misrule~
get rid of puppet regimes i
ever the imperialists havé tb
able to implant them. ‘

e]

- z ye: ;
The record of the pas a
shows that the African i sit
are fully aware of these P*

problems,
(From New Tit d

“a
International uni
worké
Tore

ing the
Mine Mill and Smelter
quoted from a story in he iat
to Globe and Mail that pe vi
U.S, mining and manuf pret
controlled, plan to bullae
aluminum reduction pe
unnamed U.S, location.

Yorke, who is also ane
of the Save the Columbi@ oF
nada Committee in vane
said: ‘There is every a
there will be increased Pi
tion of aluminum in the
Washington under the ter
this draft treaty, becaue”
there is going to be a 20% na
in firm power productiO? —
U.S, at the very low ralé
mills at the very most. —

These warnings have ae
ven to be correct even P@
treaty has been formally @
The U.S, aluminum ind
Washington will be in dit i
petition with B,C,, and)
ectricity is an import?!

“material in the manusae oy
aluminum, the U,S, indu®
be able to undercut
products because of
electricity provided {rom a
nadian side of the Colum?
er.
if
Thus the nature of thee
of Canada’s interests T° py
ed by the Columbia Riv®
is becoming increasine’
ent, as opponents of
warned,

roe |