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GENEVA SUMMIT

The eyes of the world were on Geneva last
week when U.S. president Ronald Reagan
and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev met for
historic talks on improving the relations

tween the two nations and reducing the

_ 8rowing threat of nuclear annihilation. Fol-

lowing the Geneva summit, the two leaders
released a joint statement, and General
Secretary of the CPSU Gorbachev provided

__ his analysis. Following are the slightly edited

texts of the two statements.

By mutual agreement, General Secretary
of the CPSU Central Committee Mikahil
Gorbachev and President of the United

_ States Ronald Reagan met in Geneva Nov.

— 19-21, 1985.
(A list of Soviet and American officials
_ attending follows.)
_ These comprehensive exchanges of opin-
tons covered the basic questions of Soviet-
American relations and the current interna-
tional situation. The discussions were frank
and useful. Serious differences remain on a
number of key issues.
While acknowledging the differences in
the socio-political systems of the USSR and
the United States and their approaches to
_ ternational problems, some _ greater
Understanding of each other’s view was
_ achieved by the two leaders. They agreed
_ about the need to improve Soviet-American
Telations and the international situation as a
whole. In this connection the two sides con-
firmed the importance of an ongoing dia-
logue, reflecting their strong desire to seek
common ground on existing problems.
The general secretary of the CPSU Cen-
tral Committee and the president of the
United States agreed to meet again in the
Near future. In this connection the U.S. pres-
~ Ident acepted an invitation by the general
. Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee
_ to visit the Soviet Union.
__ For his part, the general secretary of the

____ CPSU Central Committee accepted an invi-

tation by the president of the United States
to visit the United States of America.
The sides, having discussed key security

_ 1Ssues, and conscious of the special respon-
sibility of the USSR and the U.S. for main-
Ng peace, are stating that a nuclear war
Cannot be won and must never be fought.
Recognizing that any conflict between the
USSR and the U.S. could have catastrophic

_ COnsequences, they emphasized the impor-

tance of preventing any war between them,
Whether nuclear or conventional. They will
_ Rot seek to achieve military superiority.
_ The general secretary and the president
ussed the negotiations on nuclear and
Space arms.
They agreed to accelerate the work at
Nese negotiations, with a view to accomp-
ng the tasks set down in the joint Soviet-
‘S. statement of Jan. 8, 1985, namely: to
Prevent an arms race in space and to termi-
Nate it on earth, to limit and reduce nuclear
_ arms and enhance strategic stability.
Noting the proposals recently tabled by
the Soviet Union and the United States,
they called for early progress, in particular
M areas where there is common ground,
Including the principle of 50-per cent reduc-
ions in the nuclear arms of the sides
ppropriately applied, as well as the idea of
an interim agreement on medium-range
Missiles in Europe. During the elaboration
Of these agreements, effective measures for
Verification of compliance with obligations
@ssumed will be agreed upon.
: € sides agreed to study the question at
‘Me expert level of centres to reduce nuclear
k taking into account the issues and
é Opment in the Geneva negotiations.
fey noted with satisfaction such recent
PS in this direction as the modernization
f the Soviet-U.S. hotline.
_ Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan
ee the commitment of the USSR

in further enhancing the effectiveness of the
treaty, inter alia, by enlarging its member-
ship.

The two sides plan to continue to pro-
mote the strengthening of the international
atomic energy agency and to support the
activities of the agency in implementing
safeguards as well as in promoting the
peaceful uses of nuclear energy. They view
positively the practice of regular Soviet-U.S.
consultations on non-proliferation of nuclear
weapons which have been businesslike and
constructive and express the intent to con-
tinue this practice in the future.

In the context of discussing security prob-
lems, the two sides reaffirmed that they are
in favor of a general and complete prohibi-
tion of chemical weapons and the destruc-
tion of existing stockpiles of such weapons.
They agreed to accelerate efforts to con-
clude an effective and verifiable interna-
tional convention on this matter.

The two sides emphasized the impor-
tance they attach to the Vienna negotiations
on the mutual reduction of armed forces
and armaments in Central Europe and
expressed their willingness to work for posi-
tive results there.

Attaching great importance to the
Stockholm Conference on Confidence and
Security-Building Measures and Disarma-
ment in Europe, and noting the progress
made there, the two sides stated their inten-
tion to facilitate, together with the other
participating states, an early and successful
completion of the work of the conference.

Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan
agreed on the need to place on a regular
basis, and intensify, dialogue at various lev-

els. Along with meetings between the lead-
ers of the two countries, this envisages
regular meetings between the USSR minis-
ter of foreign affairs and the U.S. secretary of
- state, as well as between the heads of other
ministries and agencies:Vhey agreed that the
recent mutual visits by the heads of minis-
tries and departments in such fields as agri-
culture, housing and protection of the
environment have been useful.

The sides intend to expand the programs
of bilateral, cultural, educational, scientific-
technical exchanges, and also to develop
trade and economic ties. The general secre-
tary and the president attended the signing
of the agreement on contacts and exchanges
in scientific, educational and cultural fields.

They believe that there should be greater
understanding between our peoples and
that to this end they will encourage greater
travel and people-to-people contact.

The sides agreed on the importance of
resolving matters concerning individual
citizens in the spirit of co-operation.

The two leaders noted with satisfaction
that, in co-operation with the government
of Japan, the Soviet Union and the United
States have agreed to a set of measures to
promote safety on air routes in the North
Pacific and have worked out steps to
implement them.

They acknowledged that delegations
from the USSR and the U.S. have begun
negotiations aimed at resumption of air ser-
vices. The two leaders expressed their desire
to reach a mutually beneficial agreement on
that score at an early date. In this regard, an
agreement was reached on the simultaneous
opening of consulates-general in New York

Hope, caution legacy of summit |

and Kiev respectively.

Both sides agreed to contribute to the
preservation of the environment — a glo-
bal task — through joint research and
practical measures. In accordance with the
existing Soviet-American agreement in this
area, consultations will be held next year in
Moscow and Washington on specific pro-
grams of co-operation.

The two leaders agreed on the utility of
broadening exchange and contacts, includ-
ing some of their new forms in a number of
scientific, educational, medical and sports
fields (...co-operation in the development
of educational exchanges and software for
elementary and secondary school instruc-
tion; measures to promote Russian lan-
guage studies in the U.S. and English
language studies in the USSR; the annual
exchange of professors to conduct special
courses in history, culture and economics at
the relevant departments of Soviet and
American institutions of higher education;
mutual allocation of scholarships for the
best students in the national sciences, tech-
nology, social sciences and humanities for
the period of an academic year; holding
regular meets in various sports and
increased television coverage of sports
events). The two sides agreed to resume
co-operation in combating cancer diseases.

The two leaders emphasized the potential
importance of the work aimed at utilizing
controlled thermonuclear fusion for peace-
ful purposes and, in this connection, advo-
cated the widest practicable development of
international co-operation in obtaining this
source of energy, which is essentially inex-
haustible, for the benefit of all mankind.

Gorbachev: ‘no’ to Star Wars |

GENEVA (TASS) — General Secretary
of the CPSU Central Committee Mikhail
Gorbachev has declared at the final cerem-
ony marking the completion of the Soviet-
American summit meeting:

The president and I have done a great
deal of work. We discussed in a thorough,
profound way, with all directness and fran-
kness a number of major problems, rela-
tions between our countries and the
present-day situation in the world. These
are the problems whose solution concerns
in the closest way the interests of our peo-
ples, as well as the peoples of many other
countries.

We discussed them proceeding from the
intention, confirmed by both sides, to
improve relations between the USSR and
the United States, to help diminish the risk
of nuclear war, to prevent the race of strixe
weapons in outer space and to stop it on
earth. te ;

We regard the discussion in and of itself
useful. Its results are reflected rather fully in
the joint statement agreed to by the sides.

One should be a realist and say bluntly: It
has not proved possible at this meeting to
find solutions to the most important issues
connected with the task of putting an end to
the arms race and strengthening peace, and
there still remain major disagreements on
fundamental issues. But the president and I
have agreed that the effort to look for mut-
ually acceptable solutions to these most
important issues will be persistently con-
tinued here in Geneva by our representa-

ives. :

: There will also be mounted a search for
new forms of developing bilateral Soviet-
American relations and there will be further
consultations on a number of regional prob-
lems on which our positions in most cases
are totally different. We consider all this
useful.

But the real importance of everything
which the president and I have agreed upon
can manifest itself only in concrete practical
deeds. If we really want to achieve some-
thing, it is necessary that both sides do a
large amount of work in the spirit of the

joint statement we have adopted.

I want to state in this connection that the
Soviet Union, for its part, will make every
effort to press, in co-operation with the
USS., for a practical solution of the tasks of
curtailing the arms race, reducing the
stockpiled arsenals and ensuring conditions
for lasting peace between our two peoples,

reliable peace on earth and in outer space.
We are stating this, fully aware of our
responsibility to our own people and to the
other peoples of the world and would like
very much to count on a similarly responsi-
ble approach on the part of the U.S. admin-
istration. In that case, the work done in
Geneva these days will not be in vain.

+ Needed: SALT Il, ABM +

The Reagan-Gorbachev summit in
Geneva last week gave cause for renewed
hope the world can prevent a nuclear
war. But the talks between the United
States’ and Soviet leaders still left a
number of crucial issues unresolved, said
Communist Party of Canada general
secretary William Kashtan.

Kashtan told the Tribune Nov. 16 that
the Geneva summit “showed a break in
the logjam on nuclear talks, and a lessen-
ing of the confrontationalist policies of
the Reagan administration.

“The summit opened the door to an
improvement of relations, and a renewal
of cultural and scientific relations
between the two countries,” Kashtan
remarked.

And Kashtan hailed the agreement
between the U.S. president and the
Soviet Communist Party general secre-
tary that current weapons-reductions
must be accelerated, with the goal being
a 50-per cent reduction in the nuclear
arsenals of both countries. :

Particularly important, said Kashtan,
was the fact that “the U.S. was com-
pelled to say that a nuclear war can not
be won, and must never be fought, and
that neither side must seek nuclear wea-
pons superiority.”

But, he cautioned, the summit left sev-
eral key questions unresolved.

Key among these is the need to pre-
vent the militarization of outer space,
said Kashtan in reference to Reagan’s
intransigence on Star War research. -

Kashtan said the necessity to affirm
the SALT II arms limitation treaty
(adopted by the USSR but never ratified
by the U.S. Congress) was not answered
at the summit. Neither was the question
of reaffirming the 1972 Anti-Ballistic
Missile treaty, he noted.

Kashtan said the absence of agree-
ment on those issues “suggests that there
are powerful forces in the United States,
including within the U.S. administration,
who don’t want arms control and con-
tinue to press for Star Wars.

“These forces continue to strive for
military superiority over the Soviet
Union. The U.S. military-industrial
complex anticipates still greater profits to
be made from the trillion-dollar U.S.
arms program.

“While the summit was a step beyond
the Cold War and towards detente, the
central issue — that of achieving arms
control and prevention of the militariza-
tion of space — has still to be won,” he
asserted

To win these issues, “The peace
movement must continue to struggle,

and exert a greater effortthan before,on [|

a global scale,” said Kashtan.