“UNDERWOOD” Typewriter. “The Machine you will eventually BUY”

SEND For CaTALOaves

“MACEY” Filing Systems, Office Furniture, Supplies, Ete.

P.O. Box 486 Prince Rurent 2rd Ave.

C. H. HANDASYDE, Jr.
Outfitter

Complete Office

THE an

Blacksmith and
For Sale Carpenter Shop

with lease of ground occupied.
Apply at Miner Print Shop.

("

MEN’S WEAR

that gives Satisfaction,
and Reliable

Bootsand Shoes

are Specialties at

LARKWORTHY’S
STORES

Hazelton and Sealey

>

and Hotel

We are in the center of Hudson Bay Moun-
tain mining district, and are able to supply the
Prospector, Miner, and Rancher with al neces-
sary articles, always having a full stock on hand.

Our Hotel Accommodation is the best in the
district. Excellent Meals and service,

Reasonable Rates.

Broughton & McNeil

Gus, Timmermeister, Mer.

s/t Town Hall.

Wiiand Silver. Eligh grade watches,

1/0. A. RAGSTAD, Hazelton

| Good Store and Road House

DRY LUMBE

Get prices from us before you build in New Hazelton.
are ready with the goods

New Town

We

Interior Lumber Company

Hazelton

=>
Ready for Building i in the

— [Demir ECS certo 11 £2 rues COT crmremme XE 53 61 heim 7 (0 mmm 1 0 sma E10] ent £56 GT Te

1010 cm

Ingineca Hotel
McDonell & McAfee, Props.

EE (some EPL teme fp ff fff es rom Ef oe

WATER

Delivered to any part of lower
town for 50 cents a barrel (45
gallons.) Leave orders at the

PANTORIUM

E, J. HILL

Opposite the Ingineca Hotel
520 acres of land in

For Sale the Bulkley valley.

This includes the Mosquito Flats
-with 60 acres plowed, fenced and

ready for seedin
 COPPOCK, Hazelton, B. C.

Green Bros., Burden & Co.

Civil Engineers
Dominion and British Columbia
Land Surveyors

Offieas at Victoria, Nelson, Fort George
and Hazelton.

B, C, AFFLECK, Mgr. Hazelton Office.

FE (). OMINECA AERIE

* Meets every Tuesday eve-
ning at eight o’clock in the Hazelton
R. OG. MILLER, W. Sec.

H. F. Guassey, W. PRes.

Latest Jewelry Novelties in Gold

Watch Repairing.

ALEX MICHEL

MORICETOWN

Halfway between Hazelton and
Aldermere

Meals 60c Beds 5tc

TEAMING

t All erders promptly and carefully.
executed

Leave orders at «Hazelton Hotel

A. M. Ruddy

{ Hageclton, B.C.
@

Mines and Mining

we
Good Properties for sale — Cash or on
Bond. Development and
Assessment Work,

Carr Brothers

Six Years In This District,
Hazelton, DB, C.

i
3)

The only family hotel in the district. _ Private dining rooms.
Night and day restaurant, - Modern conveniences,
Reasonable rates, Good Stable in connection.

==

Hazelton

Halfway House

Most convenient and comfortable
stopping place for travellers be-
tween Hazelton and Aldermere

LARGE STABLES
FIRST-CLASS MEALS AND BEDS

FRANK W. HAMANN
Proprietors —

Rd FRG Randal Hees rt FOE
a ae ah ee Ri ee nd td ns Po |

even
}
}

Choicest of Wines, Liquors and Cigars
always on hand.

|
|

[isi] r]
[isi

INTERIOR FORWARDING.
i EXPRESS U0.

HATELTON B. G.

q Stage leaves every Friday and every Tuesday morning .

at 8 o'clock for Aldermere and: Telkwa. _Returning,-
leaves Aldermere and Telkwa Tuesday and Friday
arriving here. ‘Wednesday and ‘Saturday at noon,
Horses for hire for private parties.

Horses, Oats; Wheat and Bran for sale,

BE E. Cha on, Manage

BATHS:

THE HAZELTON
» PANTORIUM

"EJ. Hill, Prop.

Dry Cleaning and Pressing

Prompt'and Most Satisfactory Service
Guaranteed

Finest Equipped Bath
Room In Town

Opposite |
Inginece Hotel

Cotretetrthtenieeetntented eter ih feeb)
Skeena Laundry
Lea Jackman, Prop. |

Our Work is Good end our Rates
_ Reasonable,

"Baths Tn Connection .

Call and seo us. . -Noxt dour t to
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“Commercial Printers

is unknown,

f

SATURDAY, APRIL 6, 1912, 0-0

7/THEORIES REGARDING —
THE GLACIAL PERIOD

Scientists Guessing At Cause
of Changes In Temperature
of the Polar Regions.

The cause of the Glacial Period
Theories to account
for it are very well supported by
facts, but no evidence is avail-
able that is not open to objection.

Indeed there are those who deny
that there ever was a Glacial
Period and who seek to explain
the Phenomena attributed to it in
some other way. Many readers
may be familiar with Ignatius
Donnelly’s Ragnarok, in which
he seeks to show by reference to
certain aspects of the Drift and
to older myths and legends ‘of
mankind, that most of the so-
called glacial! phenomena can be
best explained by supposing the
earth to have been in collision
with a comet. His book is very
readable for the facts set forth in
it. His arguments at times
strained to the breaking point.
Without taking this writer seri-
ously, he may be said to represent
the extreme school of those who
believe the Glacial Period was
due to astronomical causes, that
is, to causes external to the earth.
We shall deal first with the
astronomical theories.

Fossil remains prove that at a
time antecedent to the distribu,
tion of the Drift, which, as was
pointed out in a previous article,
is the geological term for sand,
gravel and clay, a much warmer
temperature prevailed in high
latitudes than now is found there.
It is an established fact that in
what is known as the Tertiary
Period in geology the tempera-
ture of the North Temperate and
Artie Zones was much warmer
than it now ia.

mation of those, who have paid
little attention to such matters,
it may be added that the proof
of this arises from the fact that
in the rocks of the Arctic Zone,
in a region now now covered with
ice perennially, fossil remains are

found of plants, which now only |*
flourish in tropical regions. The :
existenceof a prolonged period of |

warm climate followed by «a
period of very cold climate may
be regarded as established beyond
all room for doubt. The question
to be considered is what caused
this great difference, The sup-

porters of the astronomical theory :
offer various suggestions in ex-

planation.

One of ‘thesa i is based upon ‘the |

fact that the Sun and ita atten-
dant planets has been shown to
be moving through space, and it

is generally believed that this mo- |}
tion is around one of the stars in |!

the group known as the Pleiades.
The theory is advanced that in

this motion through space the! (~

solar system is swept through
strata fof varying temperature.
This is pure supposition, for it is
not known that any such strata
exist, There are certain facts
which seem more easily explain-
able upon the supposition that-all
space is not uniform in_ tempera-
ture, electrical intensity and
otherwise, than upon any: other
hypothesis; nevertheless this

suggestion is really nothing more |’

than a guess advanced to meet
the difficulties presented by other
theories. . ;

A second proposed explanation
is based upon what seems to be
an established fact. Itis known
that there are swarms of meteors
in, space. Whether these are
connected with our solar system
or are independent members of
aome greater. system is unknown,

|We know that twice a year the
} earth. passes. through a meteoric
‘igwarm, ‘which in some yeard is
‘ very mueh more numerous “than
‘lin others. An astronomical theory
| has- been’ advanced by some aui«

} | thorities, and been ackepted- as
not altogether improbable; that
the heat of the Sun is maintained

Mine P Print t Shop i

by: ‘the -inipact of: the” _ Insteors

Asthess articles| .
¢ are being written for the infor-

that a. ‘thing: may ‘be’ made- ‘hot
jby a. succession of blows. If: you
take‘a hammer and atrikea piece
of board a number of sharp
strokes in the same place you
will find the board warmer in
the place struck than elsewhere,

Theimpact of many meteors upon
{the Sun would undoubtedly raise

its temperature, and so it is sug-
gested that the Sun plunged into
the Stream and increased its heat
considerably during the Tertiary
Age, and then passed into a
stratum of space barren of me-
teors, and consequently grew
colder and hence arose the Glacial
Period. A variation of this theory
is-that.a great comet may have
plunged into the Sun and in-
creased its heat during the Ter-
tiary age. This theory has more
probability to recommend it than
the one just referred to,

A third theory is based upon
the known fact that the con-
dition of the Sun is one of con-
stant change, Imagination can:
not conceive of the tremendous

magnitude ofthe changes con-| |

stantly going on in our great
luminary. We frequently read
of Sun spots, and some of us
have seen them. These spots are
great chasms in the envelope of
the Sun, and are sometimes so
vast that if the earth could be
dropped into one of them it would
be in proportion like dropping an
egg into a coffee pot. The tele-
scope shows us that at times
tongues of flaming matter, long
enough to wrap the earth around
ten times, will dart out from the
surface of the Sun. These things
show the Sun to bea glove in
constant ‘and tremendous . ac-
tivity, varying from time to time,
It is suggested that during the
Tertiary Age the activity was

great, and hence: greater heat] 3

was, given off, “and that this ae

become ice-coated:

the earth’s axis shifted . during.
the Glacial Period, “This theory

ers, but it seems open toi insuper-
able objections. It is: ‘not recon- —
cilable’ with the distribution of
the Drift. It.also seems to be
too great a cause for such a re-

produced. It-is as though: one,
having found a broken egg-shell,
should argue that it must have
been hit with a club, |

tion put forward “is ‘that. there
have been several glacial periods
and willbe more, these recurring
regularly --with - intermediate
periods of: higher temperature,

These changes. may be due, it is
suggested, to the precession of
the equinoxes. .

Aldermere News
Aldermere, April 2:—A man
named Dow, who was bookkeeper |
for Foley, Welch & Stewart some
time ago, and who of late has
been keeping books for Sub-
contractor Carlson, disappeared
from the Carlson camp two days.
before the election and has not
been heard of since, although
search parties have been out
looking for him. -

The Grand Trunk Pacifie now
has eight resident engineers be-
tween Aldermere and. Burns
Lake, their stations. being as
follows: B. Dorréen, number 30;
Lantz, number 31; Harlowe, num-
ber 82; George Stewart, number

83; RB. C, Johnson, number $4;
Ehriich, number - 35; Chandler,
number 85; 865; Obermuller, number

- Building. Materlals
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Catalogues FREE FRE

Prince Rupert, B.C.

P.O. Box 436.. Office 3rd Ave,

F ARM

~ From Kise to Fort George,

. Along the G. T. P.

nhanocaaaaaeneaias .

LANDS

From $8,00 per here Ue

Why not own a quarter, half or section of good
land in a good country. -

‘ITS cOLUNA BROKERAGE: COMPANY

‘Box: 20, Hazelton, B.C,

Skeena - River Mail and Express”

of the Pacific Transfer

& Mulvany,
mediate attention.

' Consign oll express packa es for intérior |

Rupert, and insure prompt-forwarding. |

All accounts and correspondence t addressed to Beles
Box &, Hazelton, B

inte. in care .

o., 607 Third Ave, Prince

Coy will receive: im-

Beirnes & 2 & Mulvany_

Sash and Door F actory

| Hazelton’ s New Industry

Full tock of all kinds and sizes of Window . - |
“Sash, Doors, Office Fixtures, Interior. Fnishings ps
| on hand of Made to Orders © °°: |
dey Large: stock of Luriber and Building Mate i
of ab, Tinemithing, Phambing on ct Steatnfting,

tivity. was followed. by’a period. a

of lost activity and ‘ednaéquently ~~

‘of less heat, and then: the earth. -
A. fourth explanation § is : that 7 |

has found a great’? many. support-~ |

sult as it‘:is-supposed te have .

A fifth ‘astronomical explana- __ f