highs lan has produced consider-
er results than the preceding
e's national income,
Fe otion and accumula-
By er an the average increased to
teed hum as against 5.7% in the

V :

Boek Social labor, this major in-
7% . ae efficiency, increased
+ period. inst 29% in the 7th five-
mMming u
: Period
Success,

P the results of the five-
and paying due tribute to
ah = Said that at the same
ings in econone sy 2, the short-
lve ‘ Omic activities and the

E not

I iP mel ARSE tier

ay Carried out in the out-
Puce, the <8 of important types of
Bed in ens up of capacities
ministre n branches of industry.
roducin S did not fulfil the plans
aite i new technology and the
* the tdi, Taising labor produc-
indivi ae tariffs a salar-
le ene: €gories of workin
ed ut PY ee Bin wae net
Mr Oficct.: Towth in the produc-
dentin foodstuffs faewed behind
§ delepate € called upon the con-
sone “a to attentively consider
h led to shortcomings

acti =

ivitj

nae of €conomic, govern-
Y bodies,

md
=
-P

@

at and

with the discussion at
| . asic problems of the
iD No; . 2

tio “Li ¢ Policy in the forthcom-
q 0 Ce eat

>“ Brezhnev called atten-
4IN specific features of the
tation fe opment of me
i my, solute

® Ene ate the most paant fea.
S €conomic power has
Hae basis of which is di-
aBticultae, and large-scale so-

onnel ©, advanced science,
i of workers, specialists
Phomy Whie €xecutives. This is an
het 2, iH one day produces
, SOcia] . million Troubles worth of
B23 pro hae L€., 10 times more
ieg, We daily at the end of

such ot ‘today advancing
oa asks which during
t of. We could only have

phe hi
tr Peat! Ss development of the
fat ONsequee. aS one more im-
S ate mad €nce: more serious de-
Md methods panning, manage-
4n incre S Of economic work.
Sectors of 8 interdependence
import € economy, which
I elab ance of long-range
Oration of a system

N bran.
trials, ches, and better

Ran

®S Of the
e present stage
S0 dypment of the Soviet
lutia, SCientig, + to the rapidly ad-
the 2" A sep;.. 22d technological
; Present Ties of specific features
“emineg ©. historical stage are
Condit; Y serious changes in
ons, the most impor-
‘ONomic | the unfolding pro-
UNtrieg “tegration of the so-
Ved by 54,2 greater role is

n
oa Scialism and capital-
Mpetitic’ Scientific and tech-
Ystems between the two

sk of the Five-Year
cule erable rise in
h tural standards of
the higher rates of
lalist production, by
®ctiveness, through
a Progress and

growth of labor

€ nex
Me is * five years the na-

hth ri

) 409° COnsummeiese by 37 to 40%,
the x ae fund increasing

tig) --°UMulation fund by

ha
eos 8towth of the wel-
me rn = 1S the supreme goal
listeg Onomic policy, L. I.
ich the a proposals in
Put beter Central Com-

© congress.

~ ng five-year period. The pro- —

r :
oblems — the assignments.

Wee .2 Sphere of class

Higher Incomes

There is envisaged a further increase
in the cash incomes of the working
people. Three-fourths of the entire
growth of the population’s real incomes
are to be met through raising pay for
work. ;

During the Five-Year Plan period the
minimum wages and salaries of indus-
trial and other workers will be raised
to 70 roubles a month. There will be
a rise in rates of pay and salaries for

medium-paid categories of workers in ©

a number of industries and wage rates
are being increased for machine-opera-
tors in agriculture. Salaries are to be
raised for teachers, doctors and medi-
cal personnel, as well as those in other
occupations. Additions to pay will be
introduced or raised in a number of
areas of the country. There will be a
substantial increase in additional pay
for night-time work.

As a result, the average monthly pay
of industrial and office workers will go

Kas

Leonid Brezhnev, Alexei Kosygin and

Nikolai Podgorny during intermission.

: up to reach 146-149 roubles in the

course of the Five-Year Plan, while
that of the collective farmers will rise
to 98 roubles.

It is intended to grant more tax con-
cessions to certain categories of work-
ing. people.

L. I. Brezhnev dealt with the redemp-
tion of what still remained with the
population from the bonds of the ear-
lier issued state loans. It has been
found possible to start ahead of time
the redemption of the bonds. All bonds
floated by the state among the popula-
tion are expected to be bought back in
full six years ahead of schedule.

In addition to higher incomes in the
form of pay for work there will be a
substantial rise in the public consump-
tion funds. Their size is planned to in-
crease by 40% to reach 90,000 million
roubles in 1975. This money will be
spent on further improving medical
care, developing education and upbring-
ing the rising generation.

Lift Living Standards

The public funds will also finance a
number of other key social measures,

some of them being to improve living.

conditions for families with a large
number of children, pensioners and
students.

It is envisaged:

e to institute children’s allowances
for families where income per member
does not exceed 50 roubles;

e to increase the number of days
with pay for the care of a sick child
and to introduce 100% paid maternity
leaves for all employed women Irre-
spective of their length of work; —

e to raise minimum old-age pensions
for workers and office employees;

e to raise minimum pensions for
collective farmers and to apply to them
the rules for defining the size of a pen-
sion existing for industrial and office
workers;

e to improve pension arrangements
for invalids and families who lost their
breadwinner among factory and office

workers and servicemen; :
e to raise the size of scholarships

and to increase the number of scholar-
ship holders at higher and specialized
secondary educational establishments,

e to raise food quotas at hospitals
and at town vocational schools.

“

Housing construction, communal eco-
nomy and work to improve towns and
villages will proceed on a still wider
scale. A total of 565 to 575 million
square metres of housing is to be
erected in the next five years. This
will help to improve living conditions
for approximately 60 million people.

The second fundamental question of
the CPSU’s economic policy at the pre-
sent stage is that of resources to be
mobilized for tackling the immediate
tasks. The chief thing on which we
must count, said L. I. Brezhnev, is to
increase the effectiveness of produc-
tion.

Scientific Planning

Speedier scientific and technical pro-
gress is now coming into the fore-
front. We face, he said, a task of his-
toric significance: organically to com-
bine the achievements of the scientific
and technological revolution with the
advantages of the socialist system of
economy, to develop more extensively
socialism’s own forms: of _ linking
science with production.

He dealt in detail with the improve-
ment of the structure and measures
aimed to raise the efficacy of produc-
tion. : :

The third central question of the
CPSU’s economic policy is the im-
provement of the economic manage-
ment system. Questions of manage-
ment are now especially topical be-
cause the growing scale and qualitative
changes in the Soviet economy are put-
ting new and higher demands on man-
agement. Of late there have appeared
considerably more possibilities for bet-
ter management. This has been due to
the increased level of knowledge and
professional training of our cadres, to
the rapid development of managerial
science and electronic computing tech-
niques. :

The central link and the core of
economic management in the condi-
tions of socialism, he said, is planning.
The Soviet country is credited with
big achievements here and can be jus-
stifiably proud of them. Intensive work
needs to be continued towards perfect-
ing both theory and practice of econo-
imic planning. The task is to raise fur-
ther the scientific standards of plan-
ning, and the need is stressed to im-
prove its methods and to advance long-
range perspective planning.

SOCIAL TASKS

We proceed, said L. I. Brezhnev,
from the fact that the policy of the
Party brings the required results when
it takes precisely into account both
the interests of the entire people and
the interests-of its component classes
and social groups, and when it directs
them along one common line.

The working class was and remains
the principal productive force of Soviet
society. Its revolutionary spirit, dis-

‘cipline, organization and collectivism

determine its leading position in the
system of socialist social relations. He
quoted figures illustrating the growth
of educational and general cultural
standards among the Soviet working
class. In 1959, he said, 386 out of every
1,000 workers had a higher or a second-
ary education, while now the figure is
more than 550.
The political foundation of Soviet
society is the alliance between the
working class and the peasantry. The
policy of the Party and its practical
steps in boosting both industry and
agriculture have led to a further
strengthening of this great alliance.
The growth of productive forces in

agriculture, the gradual transformation -

of agricultural work into a kind of in-
dustrial labor, the raising of cultural
standards in the countryside and the
re-casting of rural life—all these result
in changing the social aspect and psy-
chology of the peasant. He develops
more traits which he shares with the
worker. There is a growing number of
collective farmers whose work directly
involves the use of machines and im-
plements, and’ educational standards of
the collective farmers are rising.

On the eve of the Great Patriotic

" War there were only 6% ‘of rural work

‘ing people with a higher or secondary
education. The figures for the end of
1970 show that more than half of the
rural population have graduated from
the secondary or higher school.

Among the important social altera-
tions in Soviet society, L. I. Brezhnev
went on to say, is the continued rap-
proachment of the working class, the
peasantry and the intelligentsia, and
this process is becoming increasingly
noticeable.

Our Soviet intellectuals’ see their
calling in devoting their constructive
energy to the cause of the people, to
the cause of building communist so-
ciety. The ranks of the intelligentsia,
especially that engaged in science and
technology, are recruited in an im-
mense measure from among the work
ers and peasants. A typical example
can be given: at the Pervouralsky No-
votrubny plant 42% of engineers and
technicians come from workers, 32%
from peasants and 26% per cent from
office workers. About the same is true
of other industrial establishments.

Nationalities United

One of the major gains of ‘socialism
is the practical implementation by the
Party of the Leninist nationalities pol-
icy—the policy of equality and friend-
ship of the peoples. Recently many
Soviet republics celebrated their half-
century jubilees. Next year the 50th
anniversary of the formation of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics will
be observed. In the history of our state
the formation of the USSR, as far as
its political import and socio-economic
consequences are concerned, holds an
outstanding place. ;

During the years of socialist ‘con-
struction, he said, a new historical
community of men and women — the
Soviet people — emerged in our coun-
try. The joint labor, the work for so-
cialism and the battles in its defence
produced new and harmonious relations
between the classes and social groups
of Soviet society — relations of friend-
ship and cooperation.

In the period under review, he said,
the Party did considerable and rather
varied work in strengthening the Soviet
state and in improving the entire poli-
tical organization of Soviet society. The
principal direction of that activity was
and remains the development of Soviet

. democracy. The Party, stressed L. I.

Brezhnev, displays untiring concern for
socialist democracy to develop continu-
ously, for everybody to feel himself a
citizen in the full sense of the word,
to be interested in the cause of the
whole people and to bear his share of
responsibility.

The New Man

The moulding of the new man is one
of the chief tasks of the Party in com-
munist construction. During the period
under review, the CPSU Central Com-
mittee took measures to create a moral
atmosphere in ‘Soviet society that
would help to establish in all spheres
of social life, in labor and in every-day
life, a respectful and solicitous attitude
to man, honesty, demanding attitude to
oneself and to others, confidence com-
bined with strict responsibility, and a
sense of real comradeship. In a word,
we strove to ensure that everybody
lived and worked better in our country.

Speaking on how matters stand in
education, science and art, L. I. Brezh-
nev dwelt on some shortcomings in the
work of creative intellectuals. Some
scientific workers are still preoccupied
with things that are largely divorced
from the practical needs of the country.
In the field of creative labor works
still appear that are shallow in content
and unexpressive in form. Nor must
one overlook the fact, he said, that the
development of our art had complicat-
ing moments of a different nature.
There were people who were anxious
to reduce the rich variety of Soviet
reality today to the problems that once
and for all have been pushed into the
past by the work done by the Party
in overcoming the consequences of the
personality cult. Another extreme, that
was also current among writers, was
the attempt to whitewash the events
of the past which the Party subjected
to vigorous and principled criticism.

_ PACIFIC TRIBUNE—FRIDAY, APRIL 2, 1971—PAGE 7