—LONDON
N the Western zones“of

Germany they talk abdfit wis

democracy—mostly with
a sneer,

In the Eastern zones they
think about it and practice it;
Some with enthusiasm and some
with gingerly apprehension.

At the ministry of education
Saxony, Eastern zone, they show-
ed me 65 new types of textbook
already distributed in hundreds
of thousands to the schools.

They ranged from textbooks on
Practical agriculture, brilliantly
illustrated, and up-totdate hand-
books ‘of economic geography,
to Shakespeare in English and
German and Homer‘s Odessey in
Greek.

They are better printed, on
better paper, than the new nov-
els. “Children,” they said, “need
clear print more than adults.”

Schoolbooks have a number one
Production priority:

‘A schoolmaster in the, Eastern
zone complained to me _ he
thought there were actually too
Many new books for the schools.

In the schools and universities .

of the Western zones there are
almost no new textbooks at all
Students haggle with booksellers
trying to buy essential books
with blackmarket cigarettes.
There is no apparent control

Over the publication of trash.

The university of Berlin (EHas-
tern sector) is already operating
& practical plan to make uni-
-Yersity education possible not
hot only for workers’ children
Row reaching university age but
also for adult workers who want
to take a university course now.

The same principle is applied
on the broadest scale all through
the higher educational system
(of the Eastern zones,’

Trade unions, the political par-
ties and industrial enterprises
all contribute to a great common
Scholarship ‘pool’ for students
Without money.

In the Western zones, too, they

Ve plans for school reform.

Mostly they are just plans. The
Strain and confusion involved in
just keeping alive under condi-
tions in the west prevent realiz-
ation in practice of any coherent
Scheme of higher education for

€ young worker.

On the other hand. in Western
’ Universities—Bonn, for instance—
ae ice of Hitler's army open-

' 40rm clubs to discuss mili-

tactics and toast the days
Germany’s imperial glory.

FOR the first time in the history
of Germany, judges and mag-
we in the Eastern zones are
imately responsible to the

i eeted Parliaments of the prov-
Nces,

of

- panes. have become employees of
© people, i
ener shy has been broken a
eg reactionary power claim-
ee Stand ‘outside’ and ‘above’
- yuboeraey, dedicated to the ser-
Ria, at the Junker-capitalist sys-

ae the Western front there is
ak San change. They say “the
€s must be independent.”

faning “independent of the

+ Pular will,” dependent upon

®ir reactionary class interests.

gC fi C

salall

by S. Gorin

by Nelson Clarke

ly
i

=) f) a) fl) ANE

s)
sveate Mtvnattlbivrerareat te

In Germany’s re-
vived trade union
movement lies a
main hope for
the. democratic
future of th e
country. This
picture shows
some of the 200,-
000 trade union-
ists who recently
paraded to the
Lustgar ten in
Berlin to hear
their leaders call
for a united
world .trade
union movement.

© A noted British writer reports on Europe

Germany

between

: a comparison
East and West

’

PITCAIRN

This fake “independence of the
judiciary” was one of the things

- that killed the Weimar Republic.

e@

ORKS councils, elected by se-
cret ballot of all employees,
initiate and control the whole
production plans and processes
of the Eastern zone factories. .
In the larger factories the
heads of the works councils are

full-time paid officials. _

In the planning and running
of production the councils take
the lead, and have the principal
say. The management is called in
chiefly in an advisory capacity.

On the sales side the position
is reversed—though the councils
can also veto a particular sales
policy. i

In the event of a direct clash
on any issue of factory opera-
tion between council and man-
agement, the trade union acts
as official arbitrator.

Of the situation in the West-
ern zones none of these state-
ments is true.

Works councils have to fight
to retain even the most limited
functions—limited to questions
of minor wage adjustments, in-
dividual grievances of workers,

and hiring and firing.
There is a visible alliance be-

tween managements and the _

aml

UAL nnehinn

ne

suoornattlll

.. Page 11

The CCF government ducks the issues

Page 12

bite =
Military Government to resist
and to circumscribe the rights
of the works councils.

The immediate result is the
growth of that profound cynic-
ism which is possibly the most
striking element in workingclass
opinion in the Western zones.

It is a principar reason why
talk from on high in London
about ‘Western democracy’ is
greeted with bitter derision.

ae THE East they have broken
up the Junkers’ estates, re-
formed the land and _ totally
scrapped the Hitlerite methods
of food collection from the
farms.

The small farmer has land of

-his own to work on and for.

Equally important, he has an-
assurance of at least a minimal
supply of his basic needs in
terms of manufactured goods—

A guide to good

[" seems to me, moreover,
that it is already becoming
inaccurate to speak of ‘the rem-
nants of fascism’—for the simple
reason that what we have be-
fore us today are not merely
the remnants of former fascist
dictatorships, but, above all, that
an entire system which under cer-
tain conditions ineluctably gives
birth to fascism, is in existence.”
Thus Edward Kardelj, vice-presi-
dent of Yugoslavia writes in the
August issue of National Af-
fairs Monthly.

And that brings us by the
direct route to a new pamphlet
just arrived from England, It
Can Happen Here, published by
the Senior Press, costing 40c.
This book is a review of the
unsavory career of Sir Oswald
Mosley, well illustrated with
graphic pictures and telling news
headlines. Most important, it
brings us up to date on the rem-
nants of fascism. On December
2, 1945, The Sunday Pictorial
carried a big headline: Mosley
Still Fascist; Plans Big Come-
back. And it quotes him saying:
"T have not changed my views
an inch.” Kardelj’s warning is
indeed timely.

Gathered around Mosley are

all the rest of the ex-Clivden set

who were Hitler’s backers in
England. And behind them are
the trusts and cartels, forces
powerful enough to save Mos-
ley and several other fascists
from punishment during the war.

Only the vigilance of the Eng-
lish mases and the trade un-
ions offers any security against
the resurgence of this fascist
threat, as the pamphlet clearly
shows. ‘
e
WO or three other new pam-
phlets now available at the
People’s Cooperative Bookstore
here are worthy of comment.
Those interested in a case his-
tory study of British imperialism
in darkest Africa should read
British Policy In Wastern Ethi-
opia by Sylvia Pankhurst, 30c,
It will be hard for home people
to believe that the British could
treat the natives they ‘liberated’
worse than the fascist Italians
who conquered them, but Sylvia
Pankhurst, a famous and re-
putable person leaves little room
for doubt that it is true.
It is a good pamphlet to read

‘along with the Labor govern-

ment’s proposals to establish a
vast ‘peanut economy’ in cen-
tral eastern Africa as a new
base for British imperial power.
What these plans mean for the
native people in the area,is un-
pleasant reading.

Last Days Of Berlin by Lt.
Col. P. Troyanovsky, 25c, is an
excellent historical booklet. It
tells hour by hour of the great
Russian onslaught that smashed

into Berlin. The author was an

eyewitness “of a momentous event
never glimpsed too clearly on
this continent through the me-

without which no farmer in his-
tory has ever brought his food

_to a legal market.

That is a ‘two-way traffic’

between land and_ industry

which in the East is conducted —

under the closest democratic

control all the way along the |

line. .
In the West, land reform re-

(Continued on Page 12)
See GERMANY

di
dium of a press even then an-
xious to play down Russia’s de-
cisive role in the victory over
Germany.

Finally, there is Tim Buck’s
latest work: Canada’s Path To
Peace And Security, 15c. :

It is a pamphlet based on

. Buck’s report to the last LPP

National Committee meeting out-
lining the problems and tasks
confronting the Canadian people
and their democratic organiza-
tions in the critical disturbed
period we have entered as a
people and as an ecoromy. Buck
concludes on a prophetic note

which has tremendous political _

importance and one which Pee

number of people both in the
LPP and outside it should con-

sider most carefully. Speaking
with the utmost conviction, after _
weighing a number of world-—
operative factors, Buck said:
“, . . recognition of the inevit-
ability of the ultimate triumph
of socialism will become a power
more dynamic than the idea of
the atom bomb. These things
are the guarantee that we shall
be building socialism in our life
time."—HAL MILLER.

ee ee

Wm. Z. Foster