| ye | | | | _. |A Bank _ Armed militia standing guard over the American Esso | Oil refinery which was taken over by Cuban government. | CUBA JOURNEY Continued from page 6 We had been shown in the Sierra the decisive battlefield Where Che Guevara and _ his Men. and) women guerrillas had tackled Batista’s tanks «nd routed them. ANTIAGO CUBA With these impressions flooding us, we rose to see Santiago, Cuba’s southern me- tropolis, not far from Guatan- &mo and the U.S. Navy and arines, shining and white in he Southern sunshine, busy or the great commercial cen- tre it is. Santiago de Cuba is of the flesh of Cuba’s . revolutions, Under Marti and Macco *gainst the Spanish conquista- ors and now under Fidel and the 26th of July Movement *8ainst U.S. imperialism | 1S time the revolution has | ~°n — for it smashed the old | “orrupt state and is building a People’s state. é antiago had ‘the worst “ms in Cuba in a squalid re- | Sion near the port. A few of © “houses” were left, patch- Work -affairs of tin and card- | eS The bulldozers have } De for the rest. We walked Skee the new Santiago .— °nderful, ~ brightly colored ook of concrete slabs, pre- ean on the spot (Cuba with _ Construction wonders . Concrete slabs) laid out 8’assy boulevards, complet- el : : furnished, with water and ah t laid on, schools going up, ae cafeterias and libraries. 3 Me ment provided the gee the slum-dwellers 0 heir.own new houses. aed woman guide from San- S city council called over Young friend, a Negro body of Our ee pehe”, she. ‘said,= Sis : Only eae builder. He has hig lite» a year’s schooling in te , ©. Will you go to school now, eq © to -work ” one of us ask- its I can’t wait,”: he replied, Wi : th Shining eyes. “To work or go to school?” “To go to school, of course!’ “OUT: OF. SORHOW.... . He took us proudly to his new house and we met his mother and dad and brothers and sisters. On the. lawn was a sign. which Pancho had made. It carries a quotation from Jose Marti, the great Cuban patriot: “Out of sorrow | | history of Cuba. the seeds. of greatness grow.” Many of the lawns had signs. This is a very conscious revol- ution. ‘TRAITORS TO CHRIST’ Cuba is a land of political slogans. They are everywhere. “Cuba si, Yanquis no!’’; ““Who Betrays the Poor Betratys Christ,” “Of the Humble, by the Humble, for the Humble —that is Free Cuba!’’; and on the highway construction jabs, which are éverywhere, the sign that tells you to go slow also tells you, ‘Revolution Is Construction.” So much to tell. Perhaps in the column I write for the Tribune I can do a much bet- ter job of describing the new Cuba — for the Cuban revo- lution is not altogether a pri- vate matter for the Cubans. THE NEW WORLD This is the new world of the working people come to the Western Hemisphere, with the great U.S. monopolies being liquidated and their proper- ties changed into public prop- erty, with the national capital- ists compelled to go along, with public power in the hands of the workers and peasants, with plebian democ- racy in control of life and the state in the hands of an arm- ed people. The anti-imperialist, anti- feudal Cuban revolution. has’ big enemies, but it has bigger friends in the socialist states who are doing so much to help. The Revolution did not stop half-way, as many anti- imperialist revolutions have done; it is on an upward path. The people and the state are | | | eign er Directs U.N. In ongo—His Name Is Dag By ART SHIELDS (U.S. Worker) A banker — I’m sorry to| say — is directing the United Nations Congo Operations. Bankers always put invest-| ments before people. That’s| true in Africa and elsewhere. And this banker follows the ways of his. kind. He sets a tough policy towards Premier Lumumba, who opposes for- monopolies. And a _ soft policy towards Moise Tshombe, the Katanga mining stooge.| Lumumba, the patriot, was driven from _- office, while] | Tshombe, the traitor, was pro- tected. And colonialism sur- vives q little longer. The banker behind the| Congo job is Dag Hammar-| skjold, the UN Secretary-Gen-| eral. Hammarskjold was chair-) man of the Board of Gov-| ernors of the Bank of Sweden} before entering UN service. | And he was .an_ influential | figure in the world’s money | marts for many years. | THE RICH KNIGHT | father, a long wealthy line. The eldest }sons in his family have been Knights of the Kingdom of | Sweden for 350 years. His Knut Hjalmar Ham- marskojld, was a Conservative Prime Minister in the First World War. Other Hammer- skjolds have “been Cabinet members. Sweden is a little country. But its financial aristocracy is extremely rich. Its bankers have big investments in Bel- guim, Britain and the U.S.A. And. one can understand Ham- marskjold’s sympathy - with the Belgian, British and Rock-} efeller investors in the Congo | today: One can also understand President Eisenhower’s enthus- iasm for Hammarskjold. For Hammarskjold’s ties with American finance were espec- ially close. MARSHALL PLAN LEADER These ties were tighty knit-) ted in the late 1940’s, when | ‘the Cold War began. The Cold] last War-was officialy started: by | | friendship skjold’s O.E.E.C. Cold War weapon against Left Wing Labor and the Soviet Union, In fact the reference book — “InfOrmation Please” — lists it Was a under the heading — “The Cold War.” And “Information Please” frankly admits that the O.E.E.C. was set up “with- in the framework of NATO”’— the anti-Soviet military group- ing of the U.S.A. and the Euro- pean powers. This background casts a shadow on Hammarskjold’s re- cent protestations of his “im- partiality” and ctivity” in the Congo dispute. Hammarskjold worked hand in hand with W. Averell Har- “obj riman, the big investment anker, in this Cold War cam- paign. Harriman was Mar- shall Plan chief in Europe, with an Ambassador’s title. A between the two bankers began that continues today. And Harriman gave a warm O.K. to Hammarskjold month after.touring the Congo for Kennedy. The UN chief comes from| President Truman and Secre-}| WHAT. DAG MAY FORGET one, for the first time in the ;tary of State . Marshall. And | | ‘“Marshall Plan” billions be-} | | gan flowing into Europe with/ vest that- he helped to reap in Hammarskjold -doubtless .re- members the Wall Street har- It is a Revolution with great|two objects in mind: (1) To; the Marshall Plan drive. Hun- elan, with magnificent spirit, | with unsurpassed leadership. | That is why Blas Roca, gener- | al secretary of the Populax | Socialist Party of Cuba, could | tell us at the national assem- | bly of the party: “Unity, pro- | duction, defense, revolution- | ary conscience —ihese are the) four points on which com-| plete victory depends.” | A BEACON The Communists. of Cuba are at one with the Cuban peo- |; ple’s revolution without. res- ervation, enthusiastically,- for it is. genuine people’s revolu- tion — with the workers at its core. In the Cuban revolution the great issues of the world today are merged: peace, na- , tional liberation and social | revolution. | The beauty. of it.is, that it | is a revolution which has oc- | curred, and is gathering speed, in the ‘Western Hemisphere, a beacon for all Latin America and a body thrust at U.S. im- perialism. As a Guatemalan Commun- ist-told. a meeting of Cuban Communists, ‘‘Cuba will not be another Guatemala, but Guatemala will. -be another Cuba!” ee | The Canadian people must | make ‘sure that the govern- | ment. and: industries of Cana- | da trade with Cuba and do | good business with Fidel Cas: | tro’s government. And as. Anibol- Escalante said to me; on saying good- bye, “Send labor .delegations, send farmer delegations — come and see for yourselves-” | } | | | drown the Left Wing forces in Italy, France and other lands. | And (2) to finance American companies in their drive to} control the economy of Europe. And Hammarskjold gave up) the high banking post he had) held for eight years, and be-| gan handling American money} as a Marshall Plan executive. | This Cold War story goes| back to 1947 when Hammar- skjold. sat on the organizing committee that set up the Mar- shall Plan. COLD WAR OLD TIMER In 1948 Hammarskjold be-} came a Marshall Plan full-; timer.. His title was ‘Vice Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Organization | for European Economic Co-) operation.”’ This was otherwise | known as the “O. E:. E. C.” No- attempt: is made today} to hide the -fact that Hammar-! dreds. of plants sprang up And Uncle Sam’s came King. That wasn’t all. Communists were expelled from the Goy- ernments of Belgium, Italy and France . This was part of the price that the Marshall Planners exacted for “aid”... And militant left wing trade American branch in Europe. Dollar be- unions were weakened for a time. But this is 1960. Hammar- | Skjold forgets that the heyday | of the Cold Warriors has gone. The - Socialist -_peoples are a mighty power today. The colonial revolution. in Africa is under way. And the attempt to impose a new colonialism can have .only the briefest success. There are many reas- ons for this: One is the power- ful resistance within the Unit- ed Nations itself. speak out He is John B. Mitchell, try