STEMS PET TMS he Supporters of the Peron regime are seen here in one of the many demonstrations in Buenos Aires touched off by last week’s revolt. Behind Argentine revolt Sparked by U.S. oil. interests, landlords Behind the revolt against the regime of President Juan Peron which flared into bitter and bloody fighting between loyal army troops and rebel navy and air force units in Buenos Aires last week lies the clash of interests between the great Argentine landlords whc opppose Peron’s policy of fostering Argentine industry at their expense and his policy of passing benefits to the members. of his strictly controlled trade unions. : The landlords’ instrument again- st Peron was the Catholic Action organisation. Through this body, priests had been working to establish control of the trade unions in Buenos Aires and to weaken Peron’s posl- tion. 7 -Behind the scenes, too, have been the giant U.S. oil com- panies, anxious for control of the extensive oil fields discovered in recent years in the south. ~ Argentine popular opinion is that these fields should be nationalised eand run for the country’s benefit. Peron was ready to compromise with the American companies, and reeently concluded an agreement with a Standard Oil concern, but he demanded and secured in the contract terms which limited the company’s control and profit. If such terms were adopted else- where in Latin America they would severely clip the profits of U.S. concerns. By striking now against Peron the landlords and Catholic Action leaders hoped to have control not only of the future of the Church but also the future of Argentine oil. . , Peron and the Catholic Church were formerly allies. The Church backed Peron in his bid for power. In return, he made Catholic teaching in_ the schools compul- sory. ’ His dispute with the hierarchy began last fall ‘soon after Peron fell“out with the Spanish dictator, General Franco and came to a head last month when the Argentine parliament. passed a bill for an election on disestablishment of the Church. In an interview published. in Paris last week, Peron, who has now been excommunicated by the JUAN PERON The big landlords opposed his industrial policies. was unjust that non-Catholics should pay for the country’s. car- dinals, bishops and priests. 'five hamlets jlast month, Lord Lloyd, joint un- United party expels MP CAPETOWN Dr. Friedman was expellgeg from the South African Parliamentary eaucus of the Opposition United party last week after publicly challenging the party’s non-com- mittal policy on the future of Col- ored voters of mixed blood. He has also announced he will resign his seat in a Johannesburg constituency and recontest it. Dr. Friedman publicly dissociat- ed himself from a statement by United, party leader J. Strauss, itself at this stage as to whether it would restore Colored voters to the common roll if it were return- Jed to power. Reprisal bombing staged by RAF LONDON The RAF bombed a village and in southern Arabia der-secretary for colonies, told the House of Lords last week. “The destruction from the air of the property of lawless tribes is, in our opinion, the most ef- fective and probably the most hu- mane way of punishing them when they refuse to pay collective fines, and has been used for many years in the Aden protectorate,” he said. He claimed that 24 hours warn- ing had been given and that there were no casualties. He said part of the tribe in a fight in the Aden area had killed three government guards and a civilian, and destroyed a section of the main road. : a4 They refused the demand of the governor of Aden to pay a fine and deposit 50 rifles. Lord Lloyd was replying to a question by Lord Strabolgi wheth- er “collective reprisals of this kind against habitations or property are either just or wise?” Ali this area is claimed by the Arab country of Yemen. Trinidad ‘rebuffs election hoist PORT OF -SPAIN The sugar-planters’ government of Trinidad has suffered a defeat in its plans to postpone the gen- eral election due this year and so prolong its life. i : B. S. Maraj, who resigned his seat in April in order to fight the government decision, was _ tri- umphantly returned to the Legis- lative Assembly last week gy the votes of the Tunapuna constitu- ency.. So far two city councils and two county councils representing over two-thirds of the population, have protested against the government decision. called for a return to work. chief minister had said he would review the case’ of the six detained union leaders within that time. It called on the workers to that the arrested trade’ unionists are either unconditionally released after the specified 14 days or brought to trial in a court of law.” joined the strike and all transport Catholic. Church, is reported to have said that Roman Catholic _ dignatories had. been preaching! civil war in the country’s churches. | Qf disestablishment he said’ it' in the city was stopped. Despite government attempts at provocation — by protecting scabs with armed police — the strikers “strengthen themselves to , ensure, More than 70,000 workers had} Singapore trade unions ‘suspend’. general strike SINGAPORE Singapore trade unions after a five-day general strike in protest against the arrest of six trade union gnd student leaders, last week ’ The unions’ statement condemned the emergency regulations, but recommended that the strike be ‘“suspended”’ for 4 days because -the avoided ali incidents: A. commission of inquiry . in Singapore into the integrity of the public service has accused the Brit- ish authorities of conniving at petty corruption. Dealing with -opium-smoking it said: “It is highly probable that saloon - keepers pay protection money to detectives and outdoor officers.” It quoted evidence to show that the opium trade was the greatest single factor in corruption in Malaya. : that the party could not commit, Australian Malaya either for garrison duty or ‘o take part in jungle fighting,” Evatt said recently in a speech to the House. ; He denied Prime Minister Robert Menzies’ claim that the war in Malaya was led by “for- eign Chinese,” pointing out that Chinese settled in Malaya be- fore the first colonists came to Australia in 1788. “The home of most Chinese in Malaya is Malaya itself,” he declared. He said that the Malayans had been ‘promised self-government during the Second World War by organised Allied broadcasts which referred repeatedly to the Atlantic Charter and the Churchill-Roosé- velt promises of self-government. “These broadcasts denounced the Japanese co-prosperity sphere as a sham as compared with the de- moecratic self-government which would follow upon Allied success,” Dr .Evatt said. Dr. Evatt continted: Sending Australian troops to Malaya “will only lead to. misun- derstanding between the Malayan peoples and Australia. “Tt will be easily misrepresent- ed as an act of aggression. In fact, it will be an unnecessary demon- stration and indeed an ,act of fol. Ps Dr. Evatt was extremely critical of Menzies’ argument that Austral- ja’s front line was Malaya, 2000 miles distant. If this doctrine were right, what would be said if Indonesia, China and other nations made a_ pact similar to SEATO? he asked. allocate important armed forces by arrangement with Indonesia in or- der to forestall possible military operations from Australia? Dr. Evatt said that such a situa- tion seemed: absurd because Aus- tralians” regard it as unthinkable. “Therefore,“ he said, “we must not be overpowered with surprise if Asian nations outside SEATO regard what we propose to do in Malaya as provocative or even aggresssive in intent.” — He urged. parliament to “put the boot on the other foot” and see the folly of stationing forces far from Australian shores. Malaya troops The Menzies government’s decision to send troops to Malaya is strongly opposed by Dr. Herb national Jeader of the opposition Labor party. “Australia’s true role in southeast Asia would ed and not helped by the proposal to send armed fore} — then, they are ready to figh Would it be right for China to ‘|government and people ° labor hits plan CANBERRA Australia? ert Evath be obstruct Uganda asks independence By ARTHUR CLEGG LONDON The people of Uganda, © Africa, démand independence t bY. 1960. And if they do not get ™ rows This was the challenge Wire down at a press conference ok BY House of Commons last WE" xj. a delegation of the Usa? iB tional Congress. } ‘ It declared that uganda 7 independence. j It wants to get it by 45 with the British adminis | for but, if not, it is ready to W® independence in other ways: _& Asked what this meal the Manyanja, chief spokesman not delegation, answered: “ am shal! pacifist. If it means wat We fight.” ; oem : When, with shocked surprise Conservative-minded corres nat dent demanded to know “weeshall fight” meant. ja replied calmly that", “Physically if necessary: yen British Colonial Secret@ divide nox-Boyd, busy spinning his pad and-rule schemes in rrgation refused to see the othatl ay though it had flown mofe pig 000 miles for discussions wi ff sro” Faced with this rude Te”. gele ate {; 0. the British governle y t gation ‘endeavored 9 tbe awaken the British peoP© ment dangers of British 8° policy in East Africa. panks to It also expressed its ngerenen the Asian and African CO"), ef at Bandung in April for : couragement and support j to movements struggling colonialism. ” “We have, been sent hetemet . delegation said in 4 Snpeliiae “with a clear and 5 mandate from our people. orm te “This mandate is’ to inf rita inde that the people of Uganda ? tio) termined to achieve thei? pendence asa soverels3) state not later than the Y@ Sastroamidjojo meets Mao a During his recent visit to China, Prime Minister AN ines amidjojo of Indonesia said he was convinced that the people wanted peace because they “are very much & d the rebuilding and reconstruction of their country. ° building and reconstruction of any country in the Ware p peace because without peace no people can work for perity of their country.” Here Sastroamidjojo is $"° Chinese Chairman Mao Tse-tung. é eo. 4 the Ys ae pace : PACIFIC TRIBUNE — JUNE 24, 1955 —