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Sino-Soviet trade pact to speed

By ARTHUR CLEGG
LONDON
The Soviet Union has concluded
a New agreement with People’s
China to speed electrification of
that country and so greatly expand

the standard of living of her peo-
Ple,

The agreement, which was an-:

nounced. in Moscow and Peking
last Week, will mean more power
for China’s expanding industry
and agriculture, and the more
Tapid harnessing of China’s im-
mense water power.

Two other agreements have
also been concluded to speed
China’s industrialisation. These

extend, and expand the trade and
Credit agreements signed between
€ two countries in 1950.

Under these the Soviet Union
will send mining and machine
tools to People’s China and will
Slve special assistance to her
chemical industry.

One result of the latter will be
@ great expansion of China’s pro-
duction of chemical fertilisers.

For the Soviet Union thé agree-
Ments will mean additional sup-
Plies of light metals, rice, wool,
Vegetable oil, tobacco, tea, fruit,
Jute, raw silk, silk textiles and
leather goods thus providing still
More varied and abundant sup-
Plies of consumers goods to the
Soviet people.

By these agreements the ex-
Panding produge of China’s
farms js turned into machin-
ery for her expanding industry.

The agreements, which were

‘Concluded in Moscow in “an atmo-
Sphere of friendly mutual under-

Standing” during Premier Chou

electrification of People’s China

PREMIER CHOU EN-LAI

“Eriendly, mutual understanding”

are an example of practical social-
ist friendship.

* They show the way trade is

rapidly expanding between the
two countries to the great benefit

of both peoples and their systems»:

of planned economic expansion.

The agreement: on electrifica-
tion, which provides both for
building new power stations in
People’s China and the expansion
of her old ones, will help to turn
China’s past _weakness into her
chief strength.

China’s present. water control
schemes have checked the flood-
ing, but have not yet reached the
stage of turning abundant water
into power.

The new agreement strikes at
the root of China’s former floods
and droughts by helping to
bring under control the waters
of the upper reaches of her
_great rivers, turning them into
electricity and storing . their
heavy spring waters for con-
stant irrigation throughout the

year.

Blast ‘sunshine
ropaganda’ of

atomic

wartare

LONDON

“Sunshine propaganda” which_plays down the effect of atomic
bombing has been sharply criticized by a leading British atomic
scientist. Dr. E. H. S. Burhop, of the Association of Scientific Workers,
said that the attitude that “everything will be all right if we only
join our local civil defense” was absolutely unwarrantable.

‘Don’t let us deceive ourselves
that defense preparations are
catching up with ‘the rate of
atomic development,” he told a
conference of the Socialist Medi-
cal Association in London.

The conference passed a resolu-
tion urging that it was the first
duty of the government and peo-
ple of Britain to strive for a peace-
ful settlement of world problems.

Burma breaks with U.S. ‘aid’,
ealls for UN discussion of

ageression by Chiang troops

The Burmese government has informed
when the present agreément expr
public by the Burmese governmen'

i “importan
to place on its agenda the “imp peer is

”
tang government of Formosa.

es in June.
t only three

RANGOON

the United States that it is dispensing with ss aid?
The terse statement, offering no explanation, was made
days after it asked the United National General Assembly
t and urgent” matter of “aggression against Burma by the Kuomin-
d 12,0000 Kuomintang troops, refusing all proposals for

laying down their arms, were “en- main body of these troops ckak

gaged in what is no less than ag-)
gression,” the Burmese govern-

M-lai’s stay in the Soviet capital,

ment reported to the UN. The! Thailand border.

Monghsat, some 25 miles from the

a

Six thousand Kikuyu tribesmen arrested

NAIROBI

-Hundreds of troops, police and police re-
Servists with armored cars swooped last week
On the shanty town of Pumwani, arresting more
than 2,500 Kikuyu and Embu tribesmen. ;

They systematically combed out the location

houses while Africans and their families still lay
in bed.

Anyone without a satisfactory explanation of
his presence in the location was immediately haul-
 €d out into the street and marched to cages formed.
at various points surrounding the location.

hese cages were emptied later as more and
More “Africans were brought in. >

The operation—one of the biggest mass comb-
Outs and screenings so far carried out—began
before dawn when the Kenya Regiment and sol-
diers of the King’s African Rifles with regular
Police and police reservists converged on the
African location. Sus 8

The entire area was sealed off while troops
and police, closely controlled by radio vans and
Cars, spread through narrow streets and alleyways.

All Kikuyus and Embus without passes per-
Mitting them to be out of their tribal reserves
Were detained. \ :

Many were taken in trucks to police camps
On their reserves. : ;

Hundreds of others remained overnight in a
Special camp set-up in Nairobi where teams of
intelligence officers screened long lines of tribes-
Men sitting and squatting on the ground.

The same night volunteer European Home
Guards in Nairobi suburbs joined. in a mass

of African servants in private households and de-

taining any found without proper papers. ;
Within 24 hours of the raid on Pumwani,

Some 3,500 Kikuyu tribesmen were arrested in

a second raid on an African location at Thika,

25 miles north of Nairobi. ;

® Manacled and chained, two of the thousands
of Kikuyu tribesmen seized by British troops
and police in mass raids on Kenya African
towns are shown at right awaiting screening.

Raids terrorize African towns —

Street by street, alleyway by alleyway, searching |

check of Africans.in the city, raiding the quarters .

: >

The Burmese offensive against
them, which began early this
month and has now driven them
back across the Salween River, is
a commentary on professions of
Anglo-American amity at the re-

cent Eden-Dulles talks in Wash-

ington. ;

Since their failure to re-enter
China early in 1951, Chiang’s
forces in Burma have devastated
Burmese villages, plundered the
countryside, engaged in extensive
opium smuggling and prevented
the working of British mines.

They have been able to do
this by supplies of American
arms from Formosa reaching
‘them by air drop from American
planes via Siam, where the Unit-
ed States maintains a large mili-
tary mission.

The Burmese government troops
which are British-armed and train-

ed and commanded by a British:

officer, Colonel Blake, state that
they have captured the latest Am-
erican small arms, light machine-
guns and mortars from the Chiang
forces.

With the help of the U.S.
Central Intelligence Agency,
General Li Mi, who commanded
the Chiang forces in Burma,
built an air strip in the state of
Kengtung. :

Now that Chiang’s forces are
nearing defeat the U.S. govern-
ment is trying to deny responsi-
bility for them.

Court refuses

|to unseat MP

CAPETOWN
The South ~African Supreme
Court has dismissed an appeal by
the Cape Province attorney gen-
eral against acquittal of Brian
Bunting on a charge under the
Suppression of Communism Act.
The charge arose from Bunt-
ing’s election to represent Afri-
cans in parliament after Justice
Minister Swart had ordered him,
under the’ Suppression of Com-
munism Act, not to become a
member of parliament.

It demanded “the outlawing
of atomic, chemical and bacteri-
ological methods of warfare by
international agreement and
the rapid reduction of the man-
ufacture of conventional arm-
aments.”

The resolution also called for
relief of international tension by
making every effort to settle
peacefully the war in Korea and
the problem of Germany.

It urged nationalisation of the
armaments and heavy chemical
industries to remove the profit
motive from war and the estab-
lishment of mutually beneficial
trade relations with all countries.

Dr. Burhop criticised the ex-
tension of the “security craze” to
peacetime conditions.

The kind of security check that
government employees in labora-
tories doing classified work now
had to undergo did not lead to the
recruitment of the brightest and
most original young scientists.

“The extending field of scienti-
fic knowledge brought into the
classified field, the discourage-!
ment of the organisation of inter-
national conferences ‘of scientists,
and the restriction of ordinary
rights of travel of many scientists
is calculated to slow down the de-
velopment of fundamental  sci-
ence.”

“There are certain types of mili-
tary knowledge which would be of
use to an enemy country but sci-
entists are rarely the sort of peo-
ple who possess this knowledge.

“I believe that the assistance
the USSR has received from sci-
entists who have unlawfully re-
vealed classified information in
the atomic energy field has been
exaggerated out of- all propor-
tion.”

Dr. Burhop said that it was
estimated that 90 percent of all
research in physics in American
universities was directly financed’
by the Army, Navy and Air Force
or the Atomic Energy Commis-
sion. This had led to the “witch-
hunt” and security screening even
of Students of physics inside the
universities.

It had been responsible for
the eclipse of some famous Am-
erican university laboratories,
he said.

Dr. John’ Humphrey, of the
Socialist Medical Association, said
that medical science in Britain
had so far suffered relatively little
from the cold war as compared
for example, with physics.

But there was some distortion
of research — Particularly per-
haps in the U.S. — in the sense
that aspects of medical science
important for war (such as ‘the

* biological effects of radiations)

were studied assiduously, while
research into such subjects as
neurosis and mental disease was
relatively reglected.

Dr. Humphrey thought that
secret work relating to chemical —
and biological warfare, whatever
the arguments used to justify it,
constituted a direct distortion of
medical science.

PACIFIC TRIBUNE — APRIL 3, 1953 — PAGE 3