a’ A SANTIAGO DE CHILE 1 alah et US. loans are now freely Paying aa workers in this country are Pendent cost of Chile’s return to de- Soating Bee olism. Unemployment, industries lees, the denationalization of rents we latifundiums, indemnity Credits fr © Kennecott and Anaconda, ate the a New York banks — these a8 peacrstics of the regressive “We Policy of the military junta. Niptey» ve received a country in bank- commande General Gustavo Leigh, We wil = Tin-chief of the air force, ‘‘and irom the ve to tighten our belts, all of us the last Peers of the junta down to kn a ilean. ‘’ The workers already at “tightening their belts’’ ri Citalige os have been lifted for the 250 to ees have ranged from Oly a g79, % for essential items, while Dering A Wage bonus was granted for the Ig Ween October and December of “Th of the ee no way out,’’ one economist “Orrespond told the Wall Street Journal Situation os in Santiago, ‘‘in a chaotic pees € ours. The workers always Most.” Inflatio lem that nN is the most immediate prob- the or euman junta must face. At Index sho Ovember the official price Ih Octdber an increase of 528% for 1973. Chile re T, under the junta government than ayo, €istered average rises of more ties fe wording to the National Statis- lation ee This is the world’s highest in- ile ie in one month, the first month _ Chile’s ‘tae the putschists. lion as leavy food imports, $700 mil- Wnta’ 7 eee were decisive for the nomist ationary leap forward. Junta Whi ce Taised the exchange rates, Maintained oot Salvador Allende had (mp rts, to 25 escudos per dollar for ler ahol: os escudos per dollar and Dri Which ed ceilings on domestic Ment ha ae the Popular Unity govern- cial controlled. This means © amenee core escudos to buy the iy The mits of food imports as belo: “4 the Publi ry junta brought dismissals mat Bat, administration and in the "Rulated onalized and government- “ation of ee nanles. The National Asso- Sim te Employees of Chile, one b Novem ee which survived the coup, i inister expressed its ‘‘concern”’ ag the aad Interior General Bonilla oattiniste. Merous dismissals in public the pe ation which Tsonnel ch have affected 25% Dri Ptivate Sals are the order of the day in the ‘ x Cy ‘ cititation panies. Workers accused of met ing ha ve been fired outright. The tins oe ated happened in the factories, No, e Construction and transporta- les which had been govern- ; nity or nationalized -by the mine thizers government. All Allende OT jobs were fired or relegated to Ih Joc. “iter the military took over. ede BA three years President Cy mi evil uced unemployment — an ntti _,._1n dependent capitalist Rent 1973 auom 8.7% in 1970 to 3.1% in ChijeMics Ip Cording to figures from the alle pooute of the University of mainte uM the putschists accuse Whe tain, gine oey and of having 1 the eae “unemployment,” tacts fe 1s that hundreds of thou- tapes ‘W Jobs became available in big ),mines. expropriated ranch- tary j : but i junta has announced that “ale 4 min tcable in reducing jobs in doy tall Seales and in the former < deh d area,’ as a method to cut hag he return « in the state budget. Meg run par ‘ie nationalized companies Daye SUtes * « lel to other anti-worker tent’ Which * Junta. Of the 1,100 com- : 5. Popular Unity govern- ists on December 6, among them: Elec- tromat (U.S., electrical appliances), Ceresita (West German, paints), AGA (Swedish, acetylene and industrial oxy- gen), Cobre Cerrillos (U.S., associated with Phelps Dodge), Pizarrefio (Belgian, © concrete slabs), Isesa (Swiss, emery) and Crown Cork (U.S., bronze), plus six US. film-distributing houses. Also re- turned have been national enterprises in the following sectors: metallurgy, oil, textiles, canning, glass, paints, fisheries,. electronics, dairy, soft drinks and domes- tic articles. Hundreds of smaller compan-. ies have also been returned to their form- er owners. The biggest companies have received special treatment. First was the return of the Petroquimica Dow of the Dow Quimica Chilena S. A. to Dow Chemical, as powerful as Kennecott and Anaconda. In the case of Anaconda and Kennecott, which were nationalized without compen- sation, official conversations were held at the foreign ministry level, “on the payment of due indemnities.” Junta Foreign, Minister Ismael Huerta, affirm- ed that these conversations did not imply ‘the return or denationalization’’ of the copper mines. When President . Allende nationalized copper in July 1971, Ana- conda demanded an indemnity payment of $750 million. If the junta is now willing to pay that sum — which it does not have — it will have to re-install the U.S. copper companies in Chile, be it under the form of ‘technical advisers’: or any other which will mean effective control and the guarantee — for both sides — of making good their losses. Then the time will come to forget about the lyric declarations of another moment. In agriculture, the military junta has periodically reiterated its aim of ‘‘giv- ing the land to the peasants, in individual- ly owned lots.” The Chiléan agrarian re- form, which began slowly in 1965, five years before the triumph of the Popular Unity coalition, more than quadrupled the expropriated area in the past three years under Allende. When the military coup took place, 61% of the irrigated land in Chile had been taken from the big land- owners, along with 32% of the arable land and 11% of the non-arable land,: making a total of 25 million acres. But the present- day head of the Agrarian Reform Corp- oration (CORA), big landowner Jaime Sil- va, affirmed that “yes, land will be given to the peasants individually. . .but there*s not enough land for everybody.” Chile has 600,000 peasants, who with their fam- © ilies number three million, that is, one- third of the Chilean population. There is no doubt as to where the returned land will go. Foreign credits give a still more real- istic picture of the military junta’s reac- tionary economic policies. When Allende took over the government, U.S. banks lost no time in showing hostility. At the begin- ning of 1971, the U.S. Export-Import ~ Bank (Eximbank) vetoed a loan for $21 million for the purchase of three Boeing for the state airlines, pliers ($300 million annu fre US. banks, on short terms ($220 million U.S. economists and Leenson in ti que invisible, Buenos Aires, : the Invisible Blockade). The military junta which overthrew President Allende on September 11 of last year has already received: $24 million to purchase wheat: (October 4); $20 million for rural electrification (November 8); million for essential consumers’ items (November 9); $100 million ‘‘to promote foreign trade” (November 11) from U.S. private banks who follow the White House line. In December the Inter- national Monetary . Fund, under US. control, granted Chile another $80 million to build a stand-by fund, after the military junta had accepted its demands. Prensa Latina An analysis of Chile’s return to dependent capitalism By Ivan Luna Prensa Latina PACIFIC TRIBUNE—FRIDAY, JULY 12, 1974—PAGE 5