: Dag Hammerskjold, secretary-general of the United Nations, Premier Chou En-lai in Peking. You can’tigno one quarter of mankind drinks a toast with Chinese HE United Nations was set up to be a world organisation. How can it be so when the 600 Million people of one of the five great powers that are permanent Members of the Security Council, are excluded? The U.S. refusal to allow China to take its place in that organisa- tion is not only an attack on China. It is an attack on the United Nations itself. It is a de- liberate attempt to destroy that body as an effective instrument for world pedce. British and American politicians ‘today profess concern at Asia’s Poverty. Outside China nearly 600 million people in Asia have an income of less than $60 per head per year. _ The Charter of the United Na- tions declares that one of its pur- Poses is to promote “higher stand- ards of living, full employment and conditions of economic and Social progress and develop- Ment.” Of all the countries in Asia, hina is the one which has best Carried this out. * Her industry has increased its Output by 30 percent per year s Since the People’s government. took power. Both last year and the year before the ‘harvest was a Tecord in Chinese history. She is building more railways pe all the rest of Asia com- Dined. Her steel industry, coal Industry, oi] industry mount year _ by year, ‘ Workers in Shankhai who, for *oreign masters, had to work 12, _leading military men, By ARTHUR CLEGG 14 or even 18 hours a day and sometimes 48 hours at a stretch, now have an eight-hour day. Wages, on average, have been about doubled under the People’s government. ° China has poineered the way to end Asian poverty. Her inspira- tion and example are encourag- ing all other Asian peoples. Her © growing trade is helping their economjc advance. If the United Nations is to fulfil the declarations of its Charter, - it needs China’s voice, its advice and its experience. And if it is to fulfil its major purpose of “maintaining interna- tional peace and security” it needs China even more. * Since 1949 the United States has done everything to provoke China into war. It has seized the Chinese ter- ritory of Taiwan (Formosa) and now declares that it will use its armed forces to prevent the Chinese People’s government from regaining that territory. It has bombed Chinese cities. Its senators and secretaries of state have kept up, and keep up a ceaseless clam- or for blockade and bombing. All in violation of the United Nations Charter. Despite all this, China has pa- tiontly made no other reply than to warn that She is ready to de- fend herself and to demand that the United States quit the terri- tory she has illegally seized. At Geneva last year it was the Chinese delegation which strove for agreement on Indochina. It was U.S. State Secretary John Foster Dulles that walked out. In Korea it is China and India that ceaselessly have called for an international conference to turn the present uneasy truce into a real peace. It is the United tates which has refused. China wants trade, which it knows helps peace. It is the United States which has banned trade with China for itself and other countries, and still in 1955 maintains the bans. China, which strives for peace, is excluded from the United Na- tions. The United States, which has violated the UN Charter, is still permitted to be a member. ‘On the day that Dag Hammar- skjoeld, UN secretary-general, left China, Admiral Radford, in Washington, called for a blockade against China. And he went further. He de- clared that he was ready, circum- stances permitting, to plunge the world into an atomic war for the sake both of Syngman Rhee in Korea and Chiang Kai-shek in Formosa. Never did the United Nations need China’s presence more. e Hammarskjoeld returned from China with the considered opin- ion that “it would be useful if we had that very great country” of China represented in the Unit- .ed Nations. This is a call to action to all - peaceful people throughout the world. To secure for China its right- ful place in the United Nations will be a tremendous step to world peace. é Canada needs -China’s trade TRADE between Canada and "China has become the topic of wide circles concerned with the continuing unemployment situation in this country and the continuing decline of the dying Canadian merchant marine. Exports to China from Canada in 1946 were over $42 million and “covered a tremendous range of nearly 300 commodities, from powdered milk to railroad ties. Among Canadian exports were machinery, electric motors, farm” machinery, herring and other fish, ships, cotton textiles, 1,325,125 bushels of wheat and 1,014,789 barrels of wheat flour. By 1953, Canada’s acquiescence in U.S. bans on trade with China reduced this trade to one com- modity — acids — valued at a little over $45,000. Meanwhile China’s export trade with other countries has risen 357 percent. : ‘(Canadian trade policy, dictated by U.S. aims, has thus robbed our © Canadian farmers, manufactur- ers and raw material producers of a possible export market of some $150 million. ‘Business men willing to give ear to China’s requests for trade find that she is open for dealing in machinery of all kinds, chemi- cals, and other manufactured goods, and will export tea, tung oil, silk, carpets and other com- modities. Foreign Trade, official publica- tion of the federal department of trade and.commerce in its cur- rent issue publishes an article on China by the Canadian trade com- missioner at Hong Kong, T. R. G. Fletcher. “China’s domestic develop- ment plan continues to progress,” Fletcher states. “China’s international trade in- creased in 1954. . . the vice-min- ister of foreign trade reported in October that the results to that date foreshadowed larger trade in 1954 than in 1953... major commodities imported were raw cotton, wool, jute, dyestuffs, tanning materials, industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, fer- tilizers, natural rubber, steel pro- ducts, machinery, vehicles and petroleum. “Chief exports were rice, wheat, ‘soybeans, peanuts, tea, wool oil, bristles, egg products, wolfram and antimony ... . most of China’s requirements have been paid for outright by bilateral agreements . .. Such agreements were report- ed with Finland, Ceylon, Japan, India, Pakistan and Indonesia, in addition to the Soviet bloc. “China also made mention of unofficial agreements with non- governmental groups in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, West Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Chile, Argentina and Switzerland. “She (China) sells her products on letter of credit terms, Chinese certificates of quality, or analysis, final. She buys on letter of guar- antee terms which essentially postpone payment until after ar- rival of the goods in China... . ‘Despite this uncompromising attitude, conscientious traders shipping reputable merchandise to China or buying China prod- ucts have found the Chinese meticulous and reliable in busi- ness contracts.” * Workers, particularly in the waterfront trades, are asking why the port of Vancouver is not hum- ming with trade with China, this vast country of 600,000,000 people whose economy today is advanc- ing at lightning speed, and whose foreign trade with Euro- pean countries is drawing ships away from Vancouver. All the U.S.-dominated policy of embargo against China is achieving for Canada is loss of trade,. increasing unemployment and rising sea freight rates, to say nothing of the increased tax- ation levied to maintain arms spending at its present high level. For Vancouver and the entire province this policy represents loss of the biggest potential mar- ket in the world, lying right at British Columbia’s front door. “DEAUTIFUL!” the Portu- guese sailors exclaimed as they first set eyes on it. “Beautiful!” And so, for three hundred years, the Chinese island of Taiwan has been called For- mosa, Portuguese for beauti- ful, in most European coun- tries. But beautiful islands can be the centres of ugly intrigues. And that is Formosa’s fate to- day. The island is 90 miles from the Chinese mainland and over 5,000 miles from the United States. It is 400 miles from the American bases in the Philip- pines and 700 miles from those in Japan. It is only a little west of a straight line between the two. It is near Okinawa, the great American base in the is- lands taken from Japan by the United States after the war. _The U.S. wants Formosa for military reasons— reasons of war, not peace. e 4 The people of Formosa are Chinese. They come from the Chinese provinces of Fukien and Kwangtung. Half of them have come in the last 50 years. They are no less Chinese than their cousins across the water. : Facts about Formosa Historically a part of China, the 14,000-square mile island of Formosa was ceded ‘to im- perial Japan in 1895. From 1895 to 1945, Formosa was ruled by the Japanese. The Formosans have no wish to repeat that experiment in colonialism. Since 1945 Formosa has been ruled by Chiang Kai- shek, for whose rump Kuomin- tang regime it now provides a refuge protected by U.S. arms. Chiang began his rule by slaughtering thousands of the Formosan people who resisted being fleeced by a horde of carpet-bagging Kuomintang of- ficials from the mainland. Now Chiang has turned the island into an armed base, equipped and supplied by the U.S. Protected by the US., he carries out raids on the People’s Republic of China and harasses its shipping, scheming to embroil the U.S. in war with China as his only hope of retaining power even on Formosa. : The Formosans have no wish*for his rule to continue. Chiang’s rule, Japan’s rule, U.S. rule—the Formosans de- sire none of them. They want to be free. . They want to