By GEORGI RATIANI
The North Atlantic Treaty Or-

-ganization’s emblem carries a

harmless little star, though an
old double-headed eagle would
have suited it better: one beak
against “external enemies”, the
other for “internal foes”. The
ill-boding “internal” beak has
lately been growing more and
more prominent in the political
life of the West.

This treaty. only mentions
vaguely that its participants will
consult each other every time
when there appears a menace to
the “territorial integrity, politi-
cal independence and security of
one of them.” Subsequent events
showed that the NATO bosses
were interpreting the term “ter-
ritorial integrity’ so that it
proved to be endangered, first
and foremost, in case of a popu-
lar uprising. “Political security”
is translated into the “Atlantic”
language that any development
of the democratic movement
should be considered as a direct
menace to such security. “Politi-
cal independence” is alleged to
be endangered in a NATO coun-
try eyery time its government
is subjected to pressure on the
part of the people. In other
words, any internal political
event may be qualified as a dan-
ger to political independence.

This is supplemented by a
wide range-of “inner political
dangers” for the NATO Armed
Forces stationed on the territo-
ry of one or another state and

“threats” which might interfere.

with this state. meeting its mili-
commitments, and so forth. But
the point is not only in the juri-
dical interpretation of the treaty.
Throughout the years of NATO’s
existence, the U.S.A. concluded a
number of far-reaching multi-
lateral and bilateral agreements
with ‘its allies, which make pro-
vision for practical measures
preceeding from such an under-
staning of this clause.
American penetration into the
inner political life of West Eu-
ropean countries varies in depth.
The countries which are mem-
bers of the NATO military or-
ganization are deprived of ‘all
independence in the sphere of
their armed forces. In this situ-
atioh they have no secrets from
Washington as regards arm-
aments, dislocation and strategy,
as well as their military person-
nel, which gives the special ser-
vices of the U.S.A. the chance of
correspondingly _indoctrinating
the commanding staff and pick-
ing “their own men” in the
army, navy and airforce and
fanning their ambitions. The
Western press has already point-
ed to the fact that generals who
served in NATO headquarters
under American command had
taken part in the military coup
of French generals in Algeria.

The colonels’ putch in Greece.

shows how these services can
operate “when necessary.”
Washington attaches particu-
lar importance to control o:er
the police and counter-intel-
ligence services of their allies.
The exposed plan for a coup in
Italy showed that General De
Lorenzo, the Italian counter-
intelligence chief, was actually
in American service. At the
CIA’s disposal was all informa-

tion on the political leaders who -

were to be arrested during the
coup. A veteran American intel-
ligence man, general Papageor-
gopolus, head of the Greek coun-

Canadian forces serve with
ports NATO's program.

ter-intelligence service, helped
the CIA to tap the telephone
wires of Greek political leaders
and gave American agents ac-
cess to all top-secret informa-
tion for controlling Greek poli-
cies. For a long time the West

German intelligence service was:

headed by Gelen who after the
defeated of Germany entered
American service. Recently it
was decided to replace him by
Lt. General Wessel, also a for-
mer CIA man.

The United States pursues in
many NATO countries a policy
with a double and triple bot-
tom. It supports one or another
government assuring it of its

‘disposition and,.at the same

time, it conspires, for the sake
of playing on the safe side, with
one or another variety of right-
wing opposition to this govern-
ment, promising the opposition
its sympathy. All this is attend-
ed by preparations for a coup
d’etat using, more often -than
not, for this purpose, the given
country’s military cadres, to
come in handy in case of an
emergency situation. Moreover,
as a rule, they deliberately leave
their partners in ignorance as to
whom they are staking on actu-
ally most of all. All this activity
has acquired a truly “American
scope.” The chief commisisoner
of the French counter intel-
ligence service, Moria, writes in
a reeent issue of the Revue de
Defence Nacionale that the CIA
budget is today equal to the en-
tire defense budget of France.
And he knows what he is talk-
ing about. Such are the financial
possibilities of these - defenders
of the “political security” of
West European countries.

Two years ago the West Eu-

ropean press wrote with indig-
MARCH 15, 1968—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—Page 8» Sex

alee Gs Males

2 sen%—ShUalNT AANDAT--SaSh, 2s HURAM

2

NATO a

OP omit

nd the government sup-

nation about the American in- -

tervention in the Dominican Re-
public and about the coarse in-
terference of frightened Wash-
ington into the affairs of a state
whose people only wanted to
restore the legal constitution
that had been trampled upon by
the dictatorial junta. These atro-
cities were wrathfully debated
in the coffee houses of Rome or
Athens; Oslo or Amsterdam, but
many. people thought at the
same time of course, such things
are possible only somewhere
across the ocean, in hot Central
America. The recent events and
exposals, the new documents
with reference to the U.S.’s
Mediterranean, Scandinavian and
other NATO partners make the
puclic of these countries shud-
der in horror. They realize that
the order of distant Guatemala
.or Santo Domingo is being per-
sistently integrated in old West-
ern Europe, too, under the NATO
roof. :

The military-fascist coup in
Greece performed under the
‘NATO code name “Prometheus”
caused by its impudence certain
distress even among some poli-
tical circles in Washington. Re-
plying to remarks made by some
bashful criticizers the White
House gave the competent ex-
planation: where the choice has
to be made between democracy
and “political security,” Ameri-
ca must choose the latter. The
doctrine is expressed with ut-
most clarity—U.S. special ser-
vices, like sheriffs in Texas,
have appropriated the right to
decide on what regime and what
order there should be in the
house of one or another of their
military partners, resorting to
outright violence to attain their
aims,

. he Yond

How US. tries
to involve Japan

By ERIK ALEXEYEV
ECENT developments in

Japan show that the gov--

ernment there is rendering
an ever increasing amount of
support for the American aggres-
sion in Vietnam.

Japanese Foreign Minister
Takeo Miki, in a recent parlia-
mentary speech, said the Japan-
ese government’s position is to
stand ready to “promote peace
in Vietnam.” However, he said
it would be dangerous to stop
bombing North Vietnam if there

_is no assurance. that it would

lead to a settlement.-

Expressing the viewpoint of
the Japanese Government, Miki
not only considers it “danger-
ous” to stop bombin§ raids, but,
together with -Washington, in-
sists on some sort of “guaran-
tees.” ae

The guarantees of what?
Should the Vietnamese learn to
put up with the American ag-
gression? This is an absurd de-
mand.

It seems that Tokyo is going
to “promote peace in Vietnam”
by an ever more active support
of the American position.

Freedom fight
in Angola

Seven years ago, February 5,
1961, patriots led by the Popu-
lar Movement for the Liberation
of Angola (PMLA) took up
arms against Portuguese colo-
nialism.

Little is known in the outside
world of the Portuguese oppres-
sion of the people of Angola.
Angola has for a long time been
qualified as-a “zone of silence.”
This was not because of. serene
calm reigning in Portugal’s
overseas territories, but to keep
world public opinion ignorant
of the peoples struggles there.
These domains were under tight
police security to keep any
scraps of information from leak-
ing out. But the struggle for
freedom was continuing. and
gaining strength from year to
year. ;

Recent reports from Libera-
tion forces in Angola show that
1,160 Portuguese soldiers were
killed in the forests and savan-
nahs of Angola in combats of
the first ten months last ‘year;
more than 1,500 members of
punitive expeditions were
wounded. :

The Fighting Angola bulletin
reports that in the same period
the Angola patriots brought
down four Portuguese combat
planes, destroyed nine military
launches and about 70 trucks,
blew up ten bridges and captur-
ed large quantities of arms, am-
munition and various materials,
most of which supplied by
NATO, was made in the Unicied
States and West Germany.

Portugese dictator Salazar is
actively supported by allies in
the aggressive Atlantic Pact.

This is not only a matter of
political support. It is wel
known that the Americans at
tach great importance to Japau
as a trans-Shipment base for
their armed forces sent to
Southeast Asia, as a base Of
their Seventh Fleet off the Viet-
mamese shores. A subsea
proportion of Japan’s economiy)
potential also serves the needs
of the U.S. army.

The events of recent days
showed that the role of accom.
plices in the American aggres-
sion, voluntarily undertaken by
Tokyo ruling circles, involves
dangerous prospects for Japah
itself. Expanding the interven-
tion in Vietnam and aggravat.
ing still further the situation In
the Far East, the USA actually
turned Japan into the main rea
base for its troops.

The impression: is that Cer
tain Japanese circles do not reay
lize the danger of the road tq
which their American “allies
are stubbornly pushing tha)
country. This is a road contra,
dicting the interests of peace in
Asia; the road fraught with a
grave danger to the national in,
terests of Japan itself.

Lisbon is backed by South Af-
rican and South Rhodesian rac-
ists, in addition to the U.S.A. and
West Germany. Without their

support Portuguese colonialism |

would have long been defeated.

The struggle for freedom has
spread beyond Angola, as well.
It is also waged in the other
Portuguese colonies in Africa—
Mozambique and the so-called
“Portuguese” Guinea.

An important event took place
in the autumn of 1967 in the his-
tory of ‘the Angola peoples’ na-
tional-liberation movement. The
PMLA leadership’ decided to |
move its headquarters
Brazzaville (Congo) to a liber-
ated area of Angola. This testi-
fies beyond all doubt to the
strength of the movement and

1
4
from
j
?

T
to the extensive support which
enjoys 1

the liberation . army
among the population.
A new life is being organized
in the liberated areas of Angola.
Committees for local govern-
ment are set up, schools and
hospitals are opened. The PMLA |
leaders attach major import-
ance to this aspect of the fight-
ing people’s activity. For it is
not only military successes, but
also victories on the peace front.

that are important for fostering
the influence of patriotic forces.

The patriots of Angola are re-
solute to continue their struggle
for freedom against the Portu-
guese to complete victory. They
are supported by progressive
African states, by the peoples

ce

of the socialist countries, and ‘¢

democratic people all over the
world.