BRAZIL TAKEOVER PLOTTED BY U.S.A. Terror reign follows rightist putsch More than four thousand Brazilian trade unionists, democrats, peasant leaders, students and Com munists have been rounded up, im- prisoned, and many brutally beaten, in the reign of terror following the overthrow of the legal government of President Joao Goulart by a U.S.- FRIDA APRIL OL 10, 1964 —YOL. 25, No. 15 ="10¢ mn Fi nee THIS WEEK aT Oy The Alaska quake -what caused it? —See page 5 How monopolies took | ©ver Canada’s press —See page 6 ‘enator opens attack " jobless insurance “ang = Senator this week: nn Pilea attack upon the in the or Grattan O'Leary, safe; death it OWledge that nothing but Nua) Could imperil his an- Make ;, 209 salary, refused to NDloyed sible for 46,000 un- 2 Sollec; 'kers across Canada 1itee tro heir miserable pit- "Strang mM the Unemployment mmission, Oy inthe; TY Claimea Ot pant Tests of t 0 ta, a aad He said the House h ae Pearson govern- ang tte oe for a long time there y, fund was bankrupt in 4SNo excuse for intro- Map, “Mer : ke it ead legislation to he was acting he supremacy € Wen Other t on to intertwine arks into his a press—remarks he real reason why s ory “cord x aan was up.” eg Oo h TY ga: Press reports ar fail io “The government “Sion © act on a royal com- Tefy Te r Port the of the Ment rte, off recommending fund to prevent raudulent clainis, rt gene | the eligibility period and remove unemployed fisher- men from the lists.” These are some of the recom- mendations made by the Gill commission — proposals which provoked a storm of protest from all democratic quarters and, in particular, from the Canadian labor movement. Because of the widespread na- ture of this storm of protest, the Pearson regime (like the Diefen- baker government before it) has hesitated to implement the Gill proposals, Many observers feel the petu- lant stand of O’ Leary in Canada’s “second chamber” is the opening gun in a monopoly offensive to ram these infamous changes down the throats of the Canadian public. The Tory senator’s refusal to vote for the allocation which would have made it possible for 46,000 unemployed to collect their benefits on Monday, drew a sharp rebuff from the Parlia- mentary group of the NDP. Stanley Knowles (Winnipeg North Centre) immediately filed notice of motion on a private member's hill which was pract- ically killed in the Commons this week, backed rightist putsch. The putsch, which began last Tuesday, and forced President Goulart to flee, represented a desperate plot by a coalition of military brass, wealthy landown- ers, Wall Street interests and U.S. officials. Unable to stem the drive of the Goulart government for broad reforms to solve the economic problems of Brazil’s farmers and workers, areactionary group of the generals, allied with a minority of reactionary provin- cial governors, backed by the pri- vate armies of the wealthy land- lords, and given the €eo-ahead’’ by the U.S., seized power. Recently the Goulart govern- ment undertook to carry through a minimal land reform program: by distributing to poor peasants a 12-mile strip of unused landon either side of roads and rail- ways. This was bitterly opposed by the big landlords who con- trol three quarters of the Con- gress seats which is elected on a severely restricted franchise. The go-ahead signal for the plot was given a couple of weeks ago by Assistant Secretary of State Thomas C. Mann, who had call- ed to Washington all U.S. envoys in Latin America for a secret briefing. At that time he announc- ed that Washington would not withold recognition from any rightwing junta that seized power by military coup. A few days ago Washington newspaper columnist Ray Crom- ley, who is known to have wide contacts in the White House, said that some U.S. officials encour- age the Brazilian takeover. He said that a few months ago some American officials unof- ficially and quietly let it be known in key circles in Brazil that the U.S. would not stand in the way if Goulart were overthrown. QUEBEC STUDENTS DEMONSTRATE. Pictured above are some of the thousends of placard-carrying students ial and “They strongly hinted that the U.S. would recognize the new government,’’ wrote Cromley. The Washington writer also wrote that **the U.S. would sym- pathetically consider requests for financial aid from a new regime. These American of- ficials made it clear that a mili- —_ 5 q tary revolt would be no barrier to recognition.”’ ‘'Then,’? wrote Cromley, ‘‘the U.S. gradually held back on aid to Senior Goulart’s government. In one way or another, Washing- ton publicly made clear its mis- trust.’’ The holding back of U.S. aid was aimed to worsen the inflationary situation in Brazil and create internal difficulties for the government. Also last Monday, the Washing- ton Evening Star declared: ‘¢Mr. Goulart does not look good at the moment. He has been playing ball with the Commun- ists in a way that suggests he may be ready to embrace them, Here is a situation in which a good old-fashioned and effective 2 ia Ain FE PARA 2 : in Quebec City last Wednesday d coup by conservative military leaders might well serve the best interests of all Americas.’* That was one day before the mifitary coup broke out! The Goulart regime also aroused the opposition of U.S. monopolies with measures to end foreign exploitation, particularly. zac PARAHYBA 9 Rio Tinto — a 0” ZTLAGOAS BRASILIA {Sho PAULO a “eee, x . ete NAT GUANABARA yes TZ Sarandi = 1 aa © a DO SUL U.S. monopolies, which have a stranglehold over Brazil’s econ- omy. At the beginning of the year he introduced measures re- stricting the export of currency abroad, and for the nationaliz- ation of oil refineries. In a mes- sage to Brazil’s Congress early last month he proposed far- reaching constitutional reforms which would give the vote to il- literates and reinstate outlawed democratic organizations. The military coup was aimed to prevent these reforms from taking effect and to head off growing unity of all patriotic forces in Brazil who were mov~ ing towards setting up of a Peo- ple’s Front, which. was being supported by Goulart. ding sweeping: who demonstrated outside the parliament buildings aot a el | ee ee ee ee ic changes in Quebec.