Defeat of a policy

Here (left to right) J. Leighton
China, Dean Acheson, U.S. secretary

j
4
3
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se

ATP TO HTT |

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James E, Webb, and Philip C.
are shown as’ they left the
Président Truman.
upon, there was no doubt at all
the old one. While the U.S.

the new Chinese People’s government, Chung

: ’. 664, ar 19
a ee aU eS be teeny that it had -been unable to re-

“Nationalist government’'—a , revealing
c fiction that such a “government” +

armies and the U.S. compl
establish contact with the
commentary on the diplomati
Still exists.

White House after
Whatever new policy they

Stuart, U.S. ambassador to
of state, Div. Everett Case,

ssup, U.S. ambassador-at-large,
ei3 conferring with
may have decided
about the ignominious failure of

(and Canada) delayed recognition of

king was the latest
capitals to fall to the People’s

Clark maintains —
judge-jury stand

in Dennis appeal

A grim preview of tS. Su

intention to: “get” Eugene Dennis,

Square trial outcome, eel
Ee ee t on Eugene Dennis

court’s chambers, during argumen

conviction for contempt of the Un

The poll-tax Texan who has fre-

quently cited his responsibility in
sentence

“achieving” the year t
against Dennis, refused to dis-
qualify himself ‘when George
Crockett, eminent Negro lawyer,

commenced argument against the

lower court’s conviction.

Clark, as former attorney gen-
eral, stumped the length and
breadth of the U.S, taking credit
for the contempt verdict.

In the hushed, imposing cham
ber Crockett told the judges that
the jury which convicted Dennis
in 1947 could not have reached
a fair and impartial verdict.

Seven worked for the govern-
ment and hence, he proved, fear-
ed Truman’s order which would
deprive them of their livelihood

if they were found in “sympa- .

thetic. association” - with Com-
munists, The irresponsible files
of the Un-American Committee
were listed in the loyalty order
as one of the “pertinent sources
of information.”

Dennis was. convicted on 4
charge of contempt of the House
Un-American Committee headed
by Rep. J. Parnell Thomas who
has since been indicted’ on @

charge of getting kickbacks from

his office employees.

It was a dramatic spectacle as
Crockett—the only Negro figure in
the chamber crowded with several
hundred spectators—rose to argue.

Crockett had been sitting db
rectly before Tom Clark and when

“the attorney’s turn came to ad-

dess the high court, spectators,
especially the 50 or more lawyers
in the room, expected Clark to
step down from the bench.

He did not. Thereby he flout-
ed the tradition wherein most
Supreme Court justices disqual-

NEW YORK

preme Court Justice Tom Clark’s
U.S. Communist leader, regardless
was seen last week in the high
appeal from

-American Committee.

WFTU sponsors union
conference in China

' —PEKING

The greatest worldwide gather-
ing of labor leaders ever to as-
semble in Asia witnessed the
opening here last week of the
Trade Union Conference of Asia-
tie and Australasian countries,
called by the World Federation
of Trade Unions,

Thanking the All-China Feder-
ation of Labor and the Chinese
People’s government for their
hospitality, Louis Saillant, WFTU
general secretary, observed it
was significant that the confer-
ence was taking place “in this
country, in this capital and in
this hall because the example
set by the Chinese people will
have tremendous consequences
in the next half century.”

Saillant assailed CIO and Brit-
ish union leaders who, while they
were still members of the WFTU
had urged postponement of the
conference. since 1945 on the pre-
text that “no geniune trade union
organizations existed in Asia.”

ify themselves if they had been’
associated with an action, legal
or otherwise, pertaining to the
defendant’s case before them.
But the poll-tax justice, stony-
faced, continued sitting. Many
shocked observets—especially law-
yers—felt he did so in order to
establish a precedent to continue
in. the case of the 11 Communist
defendants when it reaches Su-
preme Court consideration.

aN q

heading for fascism.

Potsdam surrender terms and the
Allied Council on Japan.

Democratic rights promised to
the Japanese people on surrender
have been whittled away, trade
unions harassed, working | class
leaders arrested, progressive or-
ganizations suppressed.

The zaibatsu (big business), land-
lord and military forces of old
Japan are once again in the saddle
and are being encouraged to
strengthen their hold.

This is only four years after
the leaders of the United Nations
at Potsdam declared:

“There must be eliminated for
all time the authority and in-
fluence of those who have de-
ceived and misled the Japanese
people into embarking on world
conquest. The Japanese
government shall remove all ob-
stdcles to the revival and streng-
thening of democratic tenden-
cies, . . Freedom of speech,
religion and thought . . Shall
be established.”

Japan today is ruled by a prime
minister whose declared policy is

is the result of four years of American rule. :
flouted the opinions of the Soviet Union, China and Australia.

“no reform.” , Premier Yoshida is
himself a leading member of the
former burocracy, and his object
is to restore the old regime politic-
ally, economically and militarily.

The last elections in Japan, early
this year, which took place in con-
ditions extremely favorable to re-
action and which returned Yoshida
to power, marked a turning point
in American policy. )

With a government. that was
felt to be reliably reactionary and
isubservient to American wishes,
MacArthur was happy. He placed
more.and more power in the gov-
ernment’s hands.

Yoshida has been allowed to
build up the Japanese police force
almost. to army strength and to
revive the Japanese navy.

In July and August of this year
he received his first important
assignment. Told by the Ameri-
cans to cut employment in gov-
ernment and publi¢e services, he
dismissed thousands of railway-
men and ordered the police to
break any trade junion opposition.

MacArthur's reward for this
and similar acts of repression
was to end Japanese: reparation
payments, to reduce the occupa-
tidn forces, to end the policy of
breaking up the big zaibatsu
firms, and to announce that Jap-
an would be’ allowed to send
diplomatic’ and trade missions
abroad.

Yoshida’s response, in turn, was
to declare illegal the progressive
Korean societies in Japan. This
was the beginning of a new phase
in Japanese _ post-war politics—the
direct suppression of progressive
organizations,

The next American step will be
to treat Japan as a country with
which peace has, in fact’ been
made, the only differences from
pre-war Japan being that Ameri-
can armed forces will continue to
remain in the country and the
Japanese big monopolies will be
securely tied to American ones.

That is to say, reactionary Jap-
an will be allowed to act as an
independent country, but will, in
fact, be an American colony.

To legalize this position an at-
tempt. will be made to make a
peace ,treaty with Japan, ignoring
the wishes of the Soviet Union,
New China, and also of the Jap-
anese working people. :

America has secured British con-
nivance in this, a connivance ex-
pressed during the recent visit
of Malcolm MacDonald to Tokyo
and during Bevin’s visit to Wash-

ington.

~ By ARTHUR CLEGG

SN Sdenb AGO hE | EA ese |e a eG RG |
2 a
towards fascism again

While China marches forward under the banner of her People’s Republic, Japan is sonce again
China’s advance is due to’ her victory over American intervention.
General MacArthur, the American ruler of Japan, has
He has “pushed on one side both the

Japan’s tragedy

Yet the reactionary Japan is a
menace to Britain. Yoshida stands
for low-wage competition in tex-
tiles and other goods.

Against the’ formidable combina-
tion of American “and Japanese
reaction the Japanese people have
not ceased to struggle. The last
elections saw 35 Communist MPs
returned, a considerable increase
on the previous number. —

The unemployment caused by
Yoshida’s economy policies, eon-
trasting with, the stories of So
viet prosperity brought back by
returned Japanese prisoners of
war and with the Communist
successes in China, is causing
fresh masses of workers to turn
to the Communist party.

In the countryside, Yoshida’s at-
tempts to restore landlordism and

his failure to solve any of the
peasants’ economic problems are
causing similar turning. to com-
munism.

On the international’ level, the
United States has ignored the in-
ternational control] machinery.

The U.S. hopes to avoid a peace
treaty worked out in argument
by the four responsible powers—
New China, USSR, Britain and
U.S.—but it will not, in the last
resort, -be possible to set aside
the opinions of the Soviet Union
and New China on peace with

| Japan,

For the present, reaction in-
side Japan and MacArthur's uni-
lateral policy in internationa] mat-
ters have secured successes. But
that will not always be so.

Japan. will yet follow the ex-
ample of China.

British unions press

wage boost demands

crease.

out of profits.”

While wages have remained
stationary, profits of engineer-
ing firms last year totalled $2.9
billion. The balance sheets of
257 +yrepresentative engineering
corporations showed a 385 per-
cent profit increase over the
year before,

Profits of Vickers rose by $12
million to $34.6 million, Ford pro-
fits jumped from $19.1 million to
$25.1 million and the De Havilland
aircraft works nétted $4.2 million
as compared with $3.4 million in
the previous year.

E, J. Hill, secretary of the Boil-
ermakers and Iron:and Steel Ship,

LONDON

Despite British Trades Union Congress assent to the government’s
wage freeze, the three million-strong Confederation of Engineering and
Shipbuilding Unions has decided to continue pressing for a wage in-
The terms of the demand are: “A £1
crease, not to be added to the cost of production but to be paid

($3.07) weekly in-

builders: Union, said: “We have
many members in shipbuilding. who
take home less_ than ~* £5,10/-
($16.88) for a 44-hour week.” He
pointed out that apprentices are
ceasing to come into the industry
for that reason.

Although * rank-and-file British
workers refuse to accept the TUC-
government wage freeze agree-
ment, they are still reluctant to
put too great pressure on the
Labor government. Wider econom-
ic action is not. being taken be-
cause, they fear a Tory come-
back in the next general election.

Curran meets resistance

ticket, are shown trailing Savio.

Drummond against Curran.

Guarded by,New York police, Guy Savio, a leader of the ad-

. ministrative forces of the National Maritime Union (CIO), leaves:
union headquarters following fighting which erupted when oppon-

ents of NMU president Joe Curran refused to surrender the hiring

hall to a Curran-appointed administrator.

of David Drummond, New York port agent who broke with Curram

recently after being elected with him on an “anti-communist”

Rank-and-file supporters

They. voted 1297 to 3 to support

PACIFIC TRIBUNE — DECEMBER 2, 1949 — PAGE 3