US BEARS MAJOR RESPONSIBILITY

More rightist plots

hatch in S. America

By DANIEL MASON

The professed shock last week
in the State Department and other
Kennedy administration circles
Over the bloody overthrow of the
Honduran government by a mili-
tary junta was only a gesture
aimed at horn-swoggling the
public.

For at least a week before
the coup was carried through,
there had been talk in Washing-
ton about the impending moves by
Honduran army chiefs. And at that
time, nobody could be found who
would bet even a plugged nickel
on President Villeda Morales’
chances to remain in office 7
seven days.

Coming on the heels of the
ouster of President Juan Bosch
in the Dominican Republic by the
military, the Honduran over-
' throw underscores the bank-
ruptcy of Washington’s Latin
American policies and reveals
in all its nakedness the Kennedy
administration’s concern for
**democracy’’ in its anti-Cuban
objections.

Alarm is now being felt in
Latin American and North
American democratic and pro-
gressive circles that Venezuela
and Columbia are being prepared
for similar military coups in the
very near future.

In Venezuela, the way is be-
ing cleared for a military dic-
tatorship by President Betan-
court under the guise of protect-
ing ‘‘democracy.’? Thousands of
key figures in the democratic
movements of that strife-torn
country have been thrown into
jail. The most noted of these
are Gustav Machado, Eduardo

Machado and Jesus Farias,
leaders of the Venezuelan Com-
munist Party.

The net result of such actions
by Betancourt, who is Washing-
ton’s fairhaired boy, is to rob
the democratic forces of the

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leadership that will be needed
to beat back the forces of mili-~
tary dictatorship and defeat any
coup. That the conditions are
maturing for such a calamity
was indicated by New York
Times reporter Richard Eder in
a dispatch from Caracas, Vene-
zuela Oct. 2:

“The city is bristling with
troops—riding through the down-
town streets in jeeps with rifles
pointing in all directions,
stopping cars and standing on
roofs.’’

The only question now is when
these rifles will be pointed at
the residential palace and Be-
tancourt himself,

In Columbia, the tactic has
been to develop a state of tur-
moil and anarchy, with the mili-
tary finally being ‘‘forced’’ to
step in to oust President Guil-
lermo Leon Valencia and ‘re-
store order.”’

The present perilous prospect
for democracy in Latin America
is a direct result of the Kennedy
administration’s obsession with
the overthrow of the government
of the Cuban Republic. While it
has publicly professed a desire
to see democracy flower in the
countries of Latin America, in
practice Washington has either
condoned or encouraged the mili-
tary and the landlord classes
which they represent to main-

tain or seize power. :
The Kennedy administration is

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placed in this unsavory position,
because the only friends it can
find in Latin America for its
anti-Cuba policy are among the
hated military and landholding
aristocracy. Thus, in order to
keep the countries of Latin
America from adopting a friend-
ly or even neutral attitude to-
ward Cuba, Washington consorts
with these criminal enemies of
their own nations and in toady-
ing manner condones their bru-
tal seizure of power, when all
else fails in keeping them in
the anti-Cuban camp.

The military chiefs of Hon-
duras were undoubtedly encour-
aged to take the final step in
their seizure of power by the
coup which overthrew President
Juan Bosch in the Dominican
Republic only eight days before
without punishment and with sil-
ence from Washington and the
other Latin American countries,

The Dominican coup itself
would not have taken place if
the military there had not seen
their counterparts succeed ear-
lier in Ecuador and Guatemala,
with recognition of the military
dictatorships in both countries
by the Kennedy administration
with unseemly haste.

®

Even earlier, the Kennedy ad-
ministration had created an at-
mosphere for such actions last
year at the San Jose conference
of Central American states,
where instead of directing that
parley’s attention to the creation
of a democratic atmosphere, it
sought to turn it into an anti-
Cuba planning meeting.

The shameful degradation of
the American tradition was
bared in all its starkness last
Thursday, when Washington em-
barrassedly spurned a pathetic
pre-dawn appeal from Honduran
president Morales for ‘‘all pos-
sible assistance’’ from the U.S.
government to save democracy
‘in this country.

The Kennedy administration
may claim that it has to condone
these military seizures of power
and the overthrow of democracy
in the countries of Latin Ameri-

Vadillo in ‘El Dia’. — Mexico

LATIN AMERICAN VIEW OF RIGHTIST PLOTS

ca. But there is a strong prob-
ability that there may have even
been direct intervention, initi-
ative and cooperation from the
U.S. for the military coups.

The Central Intelligence Ag-
ency has boasted often of its
initiation and direction of such
putsches in the past, particularly
in Latin America. In the Domin-
ican military coup, rumors are
floating around Washington that

“some Wall Street interests may

have been involved.

Certainly, it can be said with-
out contradiction that these mili-
tary men would not have under-
taken their coups unless they
felt: that they would have sub-
stantial backing in Washington
and ‘Wall Street.

e

In each of the coups, the mili-
tary have claimed that they had
to seize power because the gov-
ernment had failed to ‘‘protect’’
the nation against‘‘communism’’.
In each case, however, the legal
government had been hamstrung
by Washington in any effort to
improve the economic lot of the
masses of the people orto install
the machinery of democracy. As
a direct result, the people never
had a chance to develop the
‘organization or means to defend
themselves against the military.

In addition, other factors,
stemming from Washington ac-
tions, weighed heavily in favor
of the military in these Latin
American countries. In the first

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place, most ofthese military men

received part of their army and

ideological training at schools in
the U.S. or their own countries

staffed by the Pentagon. A key

section of their studies was tac-

tics to destroy‘‘communism’’. In

their own countries, these mili-

tary men were advised or direct-

ed by aides sent from Washing- —
ton and by a plethora of CIA

agents.

Washington’s maneuvers —
against the Cheddi Jagan govern-
ment in British Guiana have also
not gone unnoticed by anti-demo-
cratic forces.

Therefore, Washington bears a
grave responsibility for the pre-
sent perilous situation in Latin
America, which it cannot shrug

-off with a disclaimer.

The Kennedy administration’s
much- vaunted policy to keep
communism from the Western
Hemisphere has now thus shown
itself to be really a policy to bar —

‘from or destroy democracy in

Latin America.

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