- 12 - The City of Ottawa has banned the use of 2-4D, as has the City of Toronto, except for the control of poison ivy, and presently has its other pesticides under review, Dr. Shearer states firmly that 2-4D “does have dioxin in it.” She reports that in the studies of Cochran, Sing, Lyle, Wakeford, and Scott at the Laboratory Services Division, Agriculture Canada, 8 or 9 esters of 2-4D, (6 isoctylesters and 3 butylesters), contained dioxin. 2-4D acid was proven to not contain dioxin, but Dr. Shearer says this form is rarely used.: AU. S. Environmental. Protection Agency Fact Sheet dated January 23, 1981, states that Agriculture Canada is putting a ban on esters of 2-D as containing three types of dioxin, Dr. Shearer further notes that amines of 2-4D, with 4/7 test samples found to contain dioxin, also contain nitrusamines, a “highly carcinogenic” agent formed when - amines of 2-4D's interact with nitrates. Mecoprop also found in the herbicide Killex, along with 2-4D,:.. . issa-phenoxy related to. 2-4D and 2-451, the two major components of Agent Orange used in Vietnam. : 4%) Round-up (Glypvhosate) (aliphatic acid): Dr. Ruth Shearer states that all of Round-up's tests were done by IBT, of which 16/17 cancer studies were invalid, and 30/30 chronic-effects tests were invalid. She states it is "probably very suspicious," noting that glyphosate or Round-up interferes with energy metabolism, as a result of inefficient use of 0, (oxygen), interfering with the functions of organs, this being «fommon to a lot of pesticides, including 2-40," The City of New Westminster has recently banned the use of Round-up (Glyphosate), and the Municipalities of Surrey and Richmond have it under review, we believe. Like amines of 2-4D, glyphosate or Round-up can also interact with nitrates, (as in lawn fertilizers), to form highly-carcinogenic nitrosamines, Dr. Shearer states.