PAGE 2

SYDNEY, Australia (AP) —
The Australian system of ar-
bitration for wages and work-
ing conditions is well-planned
and complex, but there are
doubts these days on how well
it is working,

Strikes are common and
after a7 years of experience
Australia is having to take a
hard look at its arbitration
machinery. The federal gov-
ernment, management, and
unions agree some change is
necessary, but that is about
as far as anyone has got.

The big problem is enforce-
ment of decisions from the
conciliation and arbitration
commission. The teeth are
there, with provision for fines,
but fining a union is like
throwing a grenade into the
Trades Hall.

Management says there
must be penalties, The trade
union movement bitterly op-
poses fines. In many cases un-
ions have refused to pay
them, and the government in
the interests of peace on the
industrial front decided to for-
get about some of the fines.

In the normal sort of appli-
cation for benefits for workers
there are many moves before
anyone reaches the fining
stage. Because of the powder-
keg nature of a fine, everyone
tries to avoid the fine and
subsequent confrontation.
LAWS A MIXTURE

The Arbitration laws are a
mixture of federal and state
laws, with the details differing
among states and even among
industries. But this is broadly
the chain of events that can

‘Serious trouble’

TORONTO (CP) — Former
prime minister Lester Pearson
said today that Canada and the
United States must solve their
‘Sncreasingly complicated and
serious’’ differences through
goodwill and understanding. If
these problems are not solved,
he said, “we will be in serious
trouble.”

Speaking to the annual meet-
ing of the Society of Actuaries,
Mr. Pearson said the two coun:
tries have a unique relationship
—he called it ‘this bond of basic
belief’'—which should not be
-weakened by any action..on.the..

et side of the bordérs"t22

% This was especially'ttue since, fie

recent U.S. economic. moves’
had created new problerns for
Canada.

“We can solve the problems
arising out of these decisions by
goodwill and understanding; by

Canada-US.

NEW YORK (CP) — The New
York Times says in an editorial
under the heading ‘‘Do we care
about Canada?” that if there “Is
any country on earth which the’
United States could afford to
consult asa matter of settled
Bor it is this important neigh-

r

Ganadian-American relations
havereached the lowest point in
many years, The Times says.
“Canadians resent the way in
which they are regularly ig-
nored or taken for granted by
the United States," These long-
standing American “habits”
have become more serious at a
‘time of growing nationalism ev-
erywhere,

“They have become. intoler- .
able for a neighbor that is now
the world’s 10th largest in-
dustrial . power,” The Times
Bays,

Following is the. text of the
_ editorial:

During a _ September press
conference, President Nixon
casually. dropped an -un-
fortunate remark that: still,
reverberates in Canada. He had
discovered, that ‘Japan’ is ‘our
‘biggest customer -in. the :world
and we are. their. biggest
_Gustomer in the world,"

In fact, Canada remains. this
“country's biggest customer. by a

_ Months. In. 1971,"-
States sold 2 times as much by
value to Canada as It. exported

| to Japan, . For. Canadians,
already deeply concerned about

. the. impact of Mr, Nixon's eco-

nomic measures on, their econ-

omy, the remark was all too

‘Symbolic of a chronic ignorance

-of—and | Indifference .toward—

‘this northern neighbor and ally.

Their suspicion that nobody in
_ Washington cares is heightened
by the fact that Mr. Nixon’s 10-
- percent: surcharge could cost

ener the highest tp

_ was impossible to tell how many
, pew jobs have been created so

Canada $3 billion in a year and
'- Koost an unemployment percen- :

happen when a union decides
to seek more money and bet-
ter ee nditions for its mem-

The tribunal calls both par-*
ties together in conference. If

agreement is reached on the .

claims—and thishappens
sometimes—the tribunalisad-
vised and ratifies the agree-
ment,

If there is no agreement the
tribunal sets dates for inspec-
tion of working conditions,
and for hearing evidence and
submissions. On the bench
‘will sit one or more judges or
conciliation commissioners.
From the union side will come
reasons why the greater bene-
fits should be paid; employ-
ers’ representatives will say
the industry cannot afford it,
or that the claims are too-
high.

Eventually the man on the
bench will give a decision.

' That is meant as the- final

word.

But if the union is unhappy
with the verdict, it might call
stop-work meetings at which
the workers discuss the
award, and might decide to
slay out on strike as a pro-
test

The industrial ‘registrar i:
advised there is a dispute. He
assigns a commissioner to
call a compulsory conference,
This commissioner often is
permanently assigned to this
industry and knows it inside
out,

If he can't get the parties
together he gives a decision,
perhaps a promise of review
in six months.

a clear appreciation of where

the long-range interests and ad-

vantages of our two independ-
ent, but inevitably closely asso-
ciated, countries lie.

“But if we do not show these
qualities, we will be in seriaus
trouble for -the problems be-
tween us are increasingly com-
' plicated and serious, as I hope
recent developments have
made clear.”

_BOTH COULD SUFFER

Mr. Pearson, now chairman
of the Rome-based In-
ternational Broadcast Institute

pe studies on effects of the.
“paid: tHhesd'.

ety,
Dare anes tical suffer if”.
good relations are not main-
tained,

"On the American side this
means showing more concern
about the problem itself. and
more understanding of its na-

é
ae fl an

This might bring the union
workers back on the job. If
not, the employers’ organiza-
tlon could proceed against the
union before a judge,

Once again there would be

an attempt to settle the dis-
pule. If this failed the appel-"-

lant might be given the right
to proceed against the union
for a fine.

It doesn’t often get to the
fining stage.

The Australian arbitration
system is in a state of contin-
uous amendment, ~

The constitution lets the fed-
eral parliament make laws.
Tegarding “conciliation and
arbitration for the prevention
.and settlement of industrial
disputes extending beyond the
limits of any one state,”
Since the first Conciliation
and Arbitration Act was
adopted in 1904 there have
been 41 major amending acts.
“Maybe the 42nd is not far off,
but some say: throw. the
whole lot out and start again.
The decision will come after
conferences of government,
management and unions,
Under the Australian sys-
tem there is now an annual
national wages case. Three
judges with two arbitrators
hear from evidence and sub-
Tmissions the pros and cons,
and determine whether wages
in general should go up or

' down. They have never gone

down.

They decide on a percen-
tage change. Last time, effec-
tive last Jan. 1, it was an in-

Pearson

lure, its significance and its
complexity. On the Canadian
side, there is naturally no dan-
ger of unawareness of uncon-
cern,”’

roa ls
rr

his

THE HERALD, TERRACE - KITIMAT, B.C. -

Australia has labor problems, too |

“crease of six per cent on all -
award wages.

: This is a likely factor in the
steady inflation that has oc- °
curred in Australia this year.
Theover-all opinion, however,
seems to be that arbitration Is
something of a brake on infla-
tion because to a’ degree it
Bhows what will have to be

aid out in labor costs,

Second
oil field
in Alaska

WASHINGTON (AP) — A
second and possibly larger
Alaska oil field than.the one

" discovered on. the North Slope -

was described today in a- report
issued by: Senator William
Proxmire,

The report prepared for the
Wisconsin Democrat's joint
economic committee said the
interlor department has not
made public its assessment of
the Cardova field on the
southern Alaska coast.

The new field, the report said,
is ‘an area which is understood
by some to be larger than the
North Slope, but which might
interfere with the North Slope
pricing expected by the oil in-
dustry.”*

It is anticipated that higher
oil prices may result from the
expense of constructing the pro-
posed cross-state pipeline to
carry the oil from the North
Slope to the port of Valdez on
the southern coast,

The Cardova field oil, in ice-

‘free waters in the Gulf of

Alaska, could be siphoned off by
tankers more cheaply than the
ail could be shipped by pipe
from the North Slope, said Mar-
tin Lobel, the Proxmire staft
man who’ prepared the report.

DEATH IS GREAT

DENVER (AP) — “Dying i is
beautiful. Even the first time
around, at the ripe old age of
99.""

Lyn Helton, wife and mother,
spoke those words to her tape
corder two months aga as she
ii eajh trom cancer. Her
death eatly ‘Sunday came in
hospital here, with hex husband,
Tom, at her side,

She had been recording her ~

thoughts on a death she knew
would be soon. The thoughts
were for a book.

Last July, a boy sneaked into
the Helton home and fled with
her tape recorder and reel of
lape that contained her thoughts
on death. She later received an-

other recorder {9 continue her.
“ project,-designed tohelp others

with fatal diseases,

Tom Helton says he will try to ,
: . arate and distinct,

finish the book for her.

“We discussed the book a few
days ago,” he said,

“I'm going to finish it from
the tapes she made.”

relations at lowest point

Pierre Trudeau in office has .
always eschewed the anti-

American. antics that come

naturally to many Canadian
Politicians. Yet, the prime
minister was moved by recent
events to say of Americans: ‘tI

‘don't think they mow much or

care much really about
Canada.” He added that, if the
United States intended as a
permanent policy to “beggar its
neighbors,” Canada would be.
forced into “a fundamental
reassessment” of its whole
economy.

SIGNAL LOW POINT :

Such words, coupled with the
Amchitka affair, signal the iow-
est point for many years in Ca-
nadian-American’ relations.
Blame for this condition doubt-
less ‘falls on both sides of the
border: :in her differences with
this country Canada is not al- |
ways right. Nevertheless, in
thelr own interest, it would ‘be

‘well: for Americans to under-

stand why Canada believes it
merited exemption from | the .
Nixon economic actions and the
threat. they pose to Cahadlan
political and economic stability.

Canada “floated” its ‘dollar a

. good 15 months before Washing- —

2,300

_ Wide margin,. Inthe, fitet. six
the United ©

VANCOUVER | (CPA. ‘total
of 2,300 welfare recipients
throughout British’. Columbia
had applied for work under the
Province’s job opportunities *
program by. Monday, officially
opening day for the scheme,

Bill’ Larter of: the municipal -
affairs department, .which ad-
ministers the program, sald It

far, But he guessed: that, bet-

ween" 1 and 16 a) pplicants

ave found work under the
ployers. have. notifi

ne Gepartment that they have. 0.

5 going, most of them'in the -
malntand and Vane ver

the je portaatd,.

" "tor Dand C biopsy and'cotari-’ -

ton demanded « currency revalu-
tlon by its trading partners—
and the upward revision of
nearly seven per cent hit same

Canadian exporters hard.

Washington demands that other
countries lower tariffs. and
other trade barriers ; “but
Canada insists that it maintains
no discriminatory trade curbs
against the United States.

For the last three years Can-
ada has enjoyed a favorable °

trade balance with the United

‘States; but prior to 1968 it tradi-

tionally ran deficits. Canadians
ask whether Washington now
contends that the United States
Must always have trade sur-
pluses, even if one result is ‘a
continuation of the buying up of
Canadian enterprises with
American capital exports.
RESESENT BEING IGNORED
Apart from these arguments

“on economic practices, Canndl-

ans resent the way in which
they are regularly ignored or
taken for granted by the United
States, These American habits
long antedate the Nixon Admin-
istration, but they become more
serious at a timeof growing na-

tionalism everywhere, They |

have become intolerable for a
neighbor that is now the world's

10th largest industrial power
and that ranks sixth or seventh
in per capita international
trade. oo!

These American practices
are wholly unnecessary as well
as celf-defeating, If there is any

_ country ‘on. earth which the

United States could affort to &

consult as a matter of settled
policy jt is this important nelgh-

bor..What the noises from Can- _-

ada clearly indicate is that the
cost of traditional neglect is es-
cealating dangerously. * :

Let me see.

“: TORONTO (€P).— ~ citing a
1970.case in which a woman
was treated for an: ulcer on-
‘her womb instead of having .

~ her-teeth removed, the Cana-.
.. ‘dian Medical Protective Asso. - g
-‘.. dation has warned doctors to
*, Makesure they operate on the

apply a

right patient. .
“While there have. been: ‘no

on the wrong’ party,’ errors
haveaccurred and have led to
lawsuits and threats. of legal
action,” "the: association: anid
in ils Toth annual report,’
Itis ‘virtually impossible to !
defend the position of a doctor

--who' operates:on the. ‘wrong

‘patient.”” |
In the case of the ‘unidenti- -
fied .woman, she originally
‘ went to.the clinic to have. her. ,
*. teeth rémoved,;‘but was taken: :

. toa ‘gynecologist by: mistake,
i, ‘The. gynecologist discovered

- an uleer on her womb.
-. “She ‘uriderwent: operatlon:

zation of the cervix,’ " the:

‘The. wornan later’

“recent disastrous mishaps be: .
. danse of. improper identifica:
» tion of a patfent or operation

at

For a seea-joa member-
Ship in: the association, dov-
tors are given damages: insur- ,
‘ance, .’ oo

VANCOUVER (CP) — A de-

nunciation of a “hate America” .

campaign being whipped up jin
Canada by leftists, a stout plea
for free trade with the U.S.,

and a warning to be prepared

: for an election marked the 19th

annual provincial Social Credit
convention during the weekend.
‘Premier W. A. C. Bennett

. made the statements in two
' speeches to the 500 delegates.

He told them Friday at the
opening session that. “if the

- rightissue comes along, there'll

be an election tomorrow.” |
The government will have new

programs al the next session of

the legislature, which opens
Jan. 20, “costing millions and
millions of dollars and no in-
crease in taxes.”"

His strong words on anti:
Americanism and free
trade came at a banquet Satur.
day night after the convention
ended,

“These leftists.in this country .

from coast lo coast, many un-
knowingly, building ip thig cam-
paign of hate America—they're
the real enemies in this coun-
try. ”

He attacked “our political
leaders going behind the Iron
Curtain,”

“It's not the proper place to
attack our great friend and ally,

. the United States-of America.
It’s not the.place to say in
Russia that Canada needed their
help. politically, economically
and militarily. How stupid. "

WOULD SOLVE PROBLEMS
Free trade with the Ameri-
cans, phased in over a decade
with a 10-per-cent reduction of
tariffs each year, would solve
Canada’s economic problems,
he said. It was also the only
way secondary industry and
“manufacturing would survive in

_~ The convention itself almost
split Saturday over a constitu-
tional change that clearly de-
fined the jurisdictions between
.the provincial and federal Socia}
Credit organizations, but the
rift was smoothed over after
Some vigorous lobbying and a
meeting of the executive board.

’ ‘The resolution was described
by B.C. party president George
‘Driediger as simply a “house-

on

keeping: matter’ which: would”

-make:membership in ‘the’ fed-

‘eral and provincial parties sep- ~ 0 nite women movie direc f

 tors—Ida Lupino (Outrage, The

Municipal Affairs Minister .

* Dan Campbell and Labor Mini-

ster James Chabot told the 600
delegates to the B.C. party’s
19th annual convention that such
a move would divide the party
and make it almost impossible
lo elect a Social Credit govern-
ment in Ottawa. ;

1 Introducing the resolution,
convention co-chairman Bert
Price of Vancouver urged rapid .
adoption with ‘the warning:
“Arguments over constitutional
matters have done more harm
to political parties [han any
other. They are dangerous. ”

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woman,

‘Hate America’ f
_leftist whipped

M. ‘Driediger.' denied’ ‘the

change presaged a. withdrawal 7
‘Social °

of British Columbla °
Crediters from the federal field

and urged delegates to avoid ~
the “ridiculous emotional de- |

bate" of the 1970 convention.
LEADS OPPONENTS :
Delbert Doll of Comox led the
slrongest opposition against, He
distributed a leaflet entitled A
Plea for Unity which said the
resolution ‘‘would Seriously di-
vide us.’ Under the new con-
slitution a B.C. Social Crediter
could Jegally support the party
of his choice federally, he said.
Mr. Campbell, referring .to

. political parties. ‘such as the

Union "Nationale: of .” Quebec

’ which concentrated Smet sole-

ly on election ’to provincial of-

fice, said such ‘parties. “went '
. down the drain inevitably.”’

Hesaid it was ‘‘most chilling”

to see the federal Social Credit.
. party under Real Caouette and
the Alberta Social Credit League"

meet in different halls at ‘op-
posite ends of Edmonton a year
ago.

Mr. Driédiger’s presentation
of the resolution -as a house-
keeping matter was ‘‘‘quite a
simplistic approach,” he said.

’ “W’s not just a question of sep- .

aration in a legalistic way from
the federal party.”

After almost.an hour of de-
bate, the convention. adjourned
for lunch. When it returned to
order, the resolution passed
overwhelmingly with only a few
in opposition.

WANTS UNITY
Mr. Campbell. said then he

had only spoken in the interests -

of party unity, and warned
Social Credit can “go down the

Manning road to social conserv- -
atism, whatever that is, but un-

less we extend our representa-
lion federally, we will go down.”

Another

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May (A New Leaf),

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- Treen, Shaft), Melvin’ Van Pee- §j
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