IPM/A -21-

visit. However, the following comments may offer some
useful guidance,

1. Leatherjacket or Crane Fly (Tipula paludosa). A
strain of Bacillis thuringiensis, a commercial ly-
available bacteria specific to certain insect larvae was
shown in laboratory tests to control this pest. Contact
Professors A-B.Q. Lam and J.M. Webster at Simon Fraser
University for further information.

2. Spruce aphid. Send a sample of the insect to the
Provincial Department of Agriculture in Victoria for
identification. Accurate identification is key to suc-
cessful control of the pest. Contact the head of the
Entomology Department at Simon Fraser University, or
U.B.C., or Mr. Don Elliot of Applied Bionomics in Sydney
to see if there is a comiercially-available parasite of
this aphid species.

Monitor the Susceptible trees to see when aphids first
appear. Use a hand lense to determine if some of the
aphids are being killed by natural enemies (parasites or
predators). If aphid populations appear to be increasing,
treatment may be warranted since even Tow populations of
aphids on spruce trees might cause damage to the trees.
Write down observations on pest presence and numbers.
And record approximate numbers of aphids present when
treatment is applied, and how effective treatments
appear to be. This will enable treatments to be timed
to be most effective and will minimize unnecessary

sprays.

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