“Millions sign peace

AR ||

appeal in USSR

Nearly 97 million Soviet citizens have signed the World Peac

Peace pact during the first mon é
collected at meetings, such as that of workers in the K
above, where the issues involved are discussed.

A great deal of the

e Council’s appeal for a fiye-power

th of the campaign in the USSR. Most of the signatures are being
iev electrical precision instrument plant shown

equipment now reaching the great

“constructions of Communism” projects has the words “Made during peace shift” scrawled across it

testifying to the Soviet people’s

belief that by speed

they are strengthening the world’s chances of a durable neace.

ing up the country’s peaceful construction projects

Western countries lose

by compelling China

to alter trade pattern

Foreign trade figures for 1951 show how effectively
New China News Agency reports.
with exports exceeding imports by 9.34 percent, but

dependence on imperialist countries,

of trade been achieved for the first time in 73 years,

the range and quantity of goods exported has increased and the whole

transformed. Control over foreign trade is the f

foes the fostering and protection
of home industry.

In 1950, imports from the Soviet
Tnion were 19.84 percent of China’s
total foreign imports. By Septem-
ber 1951, they increased to 44.7
Percent, Imports from the People’s
Democracies were a mere 1.37 per-
cent in 1950. Now they are 25.3
Percent, On the other hand,-im-
ports from the capitalist countries,
Which were still as high as 78.79
Percent in 1950, have now declined
to 29.9 percent.

In 1950, exports to the Soviet
Union ‘were 26.58 percent of the
total volume of exports, those to
the People’s Democracies, 3.87 per-

‘Decision by force in
Egypt draws censure

LONDON

The British Peace Committee is

Calling on the British government

to avert the danger of war in the

/Miadlé East by refraining from

any attempt to impose a decision
On Egypt by force.

The committee urges holding of
a five-power conference to settle
all main differences and conclude
a peace pact, pointing out that this
would render “Middle East defense
Pacts” unnecessary.

PEKING

China has changed its former semi-colonial

Not only has a favorable balance

direction and policy of foreign trade.

undamental principle of the policy and together with this

cent, and those to the capitalist
countries 69.55 percent. Since the
beginning of 1951, China’s exports
to the Soviet Union have been in-
creased to 51.51 percent of the
total volume of exports, to the Peo-
ple’s Democracies to 26.43 percent,
whereas those to the capitalist
countries have gone down to 22
percent.

Because of the rapid expansion
of trade with the Soviet Union and
the People’s Democracies — the
news agency says—China’s export
trade has since the beginning of
1951 been increased by 126 percent
over that of 1950.

This tremendous — achievement
of China’s foreign trade consti-
tutes a heavy blow to the econ-
omic “blockade” and “embargo”
of the imperialist countries
against China, Says New China
News Agency. As far as America
is concerned the economic “block-
ade” against China has produced
just the opposite effect. Prices
of bristle and tung oil, formerly
imported to the U.S. from China,
for example, rose by over 50
percent on the American market
for September 1951, as compared
with November 1950.

Workers held plant,

ran it for full year

ROME
To the sound of factory whistles
and led by three farm tractors
of a type they. themselves had per-
_ fected and produced, 5,000 workers
of the Reggiane engineering works
in Reggio Emilia last! month
marched triumphantly out of the
plant they had occupied and run
for more than a year. But before
they turned the plant back to
the management and thus ended
their long struggle against a pro-
posal to dismantle it they signed
an agreement guaranteeing that
all workers would be reinstated
Without discrimination.

Trade union leaders and MP's
of Italy’s working class parties

Res ee
greeted the workers as they march-
ed with peace flags flying to Reggio
Emilia’s Liberty Square, where a
crowd of 50,000 heard Guiseppe di
Vitteria, general secretary of the
Italian General Confederation of
Workers, tell them:

“when we look at the symbols
of our enemies and of the govern-
ment we see smokeless chimneys,
shut-down factories, hunger and
unemployment. You have shown
and continue to show how Italy
must live and how it must flourish
in work. You in the Reggiane
plant have shown the road the
whole Italian people will take and
which will lead us to victory.”

PIPETTE Te Pee TEE TE CIEE HE TE UTED COE RU Le

U.S. backs proposal
to use Chiang troops
against Vietnamese

: WASHINGTON

U.S. Minister to Taiwan Karl
L. Rankin, has been instructed to
communicate to Chiang Kai-shek
the U.S. government’s decision to
support France in its demand for
use of Kuomintang troops now
interned in Indochina in the
French coloniak war against
Vietnam. The New York Times’
Washington office, from which
this report originated, explains
that this was insisted upon by
General de Lattre de Tassigny,
French commander-in-chief in
Indochina, during his recent visit
to Washington.

JU UE

towards economic, political and
social upheaval, has entered the
fifth year of her “independence”
in an atmosphere of uncertainty
and widespread’ demonstrations
against the Congress government.

Overshadowing events are the
showdown between Prime Minister
Nehru and the right-wing of the
Congress and, more distantly, the
first federal elections due to be
held in. January.

Nehru was challenged to meet
the All India Congress Committee
and the outcome of the struggle
for leadership was the resignation
of the right-wing president, P.
Tandon, in favor of Nehru. A
large number of former supporters
have simply walked out of Con-
gress, following J. B. Kripalani to
form the opposition Praja party.

Nehru tried, with his usual gen-
ius for compromise at the expense
of his principles, to free his hands
by resigning from the highest
executive organs. This emphasised
the fact that Congress has no other
popular leader. Although he was
in danger of being isolated by the
Tandon clique he relied on his
tremendous personal popularity in
facing the committee. Without
his leadership and active cam-
paigning in the elections, Congress
would be in considerable danger
of defeat.

The balance between the prime
minister and his party remaifis
even and they go to the elections
in an alliance of convenience.
Nehru has publicly stated, how-
ever, that Congress ‘is disinte-
grating.”

It is public knowledge that
corruption in the government
and black marketing in business
are flourishing as never before.
Kripalani has denounced the
wholesale bribery and disintegra-
tion of public life and stated he
got out of Congress, seeing the
inevitable downfall of the gov-
ernment.

“J, have formed the Praj» party
as an alternative,” he stated. “If
we can remove the present ineffi-
cient government by the non-
violent method it will be good.
But if we don’t remove it that
way revolution will take place on
violent lines.”

In the feverish preparations for
the federal elections the main

disunity of the opposition, parti-
cularly of the parties and groups
of the Left. ‘The Leftists know this
and are therefore bending all their
efforts to achieve unity. The main

obstacle here is the refusal of the

strength of Congress lies in the

India seen moving
toward political,
social upheaval |

CALCUTTA
India, slowly but steadily moving

right Socialists, who follow a policy
along the lines of the British
Labor party, to enter any pact
with the Left.

Despite the hostility of the
Right Socialists, however, unity
is growing among the workers’
and peasants’ parties. A striking
example has been the series of
local elections in West Bengal
where a Left bloc has dislodged
Congress from its long-standing
control over important munici-
palities and district boards.
These victories covered Howrah,
Chandernagore, Birdwan and 24
districts. ;

In New Delhi a powerful United
Progresive bloc has been formed
to contest the municipal and fed-
eral elections. It embraces all pro-
gressive parties except the right
Socialists who refused to attend
the founding conference. The first
public meeting of the bloc drew
an audience of over 10,000 and de-
manded free and -fair elections,
withdrawal of the Preventive De-
tention Act and the release of
political prisoners.

The Nehru government’s record
on democratic liberties is a black
one and a heavy burden with
which to face the general election.

Thousands of political pris-
oners — students, communist
leaders, trade unionists and pea-
sants are in prison either under
the Preventive Detention Act or
on framed “conspiracy” cases.
In Tamilnad Province, South
India, four big conspiracy cases
are dragging on involving 580
prisoners, some of whom have
been in jail for a year and a
half without learning the charges
against them.

In the four years since the
government came into power the
police have fired on crowds and
assemblies 1,982 times; they have
killed 3,784 and wounded 50,000
people. In addition they have shot
82 persons in prison. These are
figures. compiled by a ‘Bombay
mewspaper and remain uncontra-
dicted.

There is always the possibility
of the elections being put off if
Congress believes it is facing de-
feat. An example of such tactics
has been the breaking off of ne-
gotiations between the ‘Congress
party and the Communist party
in Hyderabad over settlement of
the peasant land question in Telen-
gana. A statement by the Demo-
cratic. party leaders, Sir G. Shrof
and Dr. Jaisoorya, says Congress
has calculated that it has little
chance of winning the elections in
Hyderbad and is conspiring to call

them off.

National Day celebrations at Peking

More than 400,000 people took part in the mammoth National Day parade in Peking’s Tien An
Men Square on October 1 to mark the second anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of

China. Here, Chairman Mao Tse-tung is shown, surrounded b.

y children, acknowledging the cheers of

the crowds. In the foreground is one of the peace floats in the parade.

PACIFIC TRIBUNE — NOVEMBER 2, 1951 — PAGE 3

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