Afriean ~ leader arrested | CAPETOWN An elderly, Glasgow - trained doctor, J. S. Moroka, a leader of the passive resistance movement in South Africa, was arrested at Thaba ’Nchu, Orange Free State, last week, He was charged with ‘‘promot- _ ing the objects of communism.” Dr. Moroka, who is a member of an African royal house and en- joys enormous prestige among Af- ‘ticans of all tribes, told a report- €r: “I ask the African people to remain calm and to behave with dignity. I do not know the spec- ific nature of the crime I am al- leged to have committed.” ‘He said his lawyer was trying to find out. Australia — hands over air base — Australia’s Tory government has handed over to the Americans the country’s giant air and naval base of Manus Island. Announcing this. decision last Week, Foreign Minister Casey said agreement was reached at the recently concluded Pacific War Conference at Honolulu. The base, which lies just below the equator, north-west of New Guinea, had been used by the Am- ericans during the war and had been returned to Australia in 1946. ‘The Australian Labor gev- ernment refused to accept U.S. terms fér their staying on in Ma- hus, Last year Labor’s foreign Minister, Dr. Evatt, disclosed that this was because the U.S. govern- Ment had demanded sovereignty . OVer Manus, which he had not _ been prepared to concede, In his statement last week ‘Casey made it clear that the re- _habilitation of Manus as a base Was part of hte Pacific war plan decided on at the Honolulu con- ference between the foreign min- isters of the U.S., Australia and New Zealand. He said the Australian govern- Men had been engaged on extens- ive works to bring Manus back to its wartime condition, and though t Was not yet the first-class war € it had been under U.S. oc- CUpation, it was “quite suitable for ships and aircraft to use.” ee Truman gives Kirk’ new job President Truman has appoint- _ &d Admiral Kirk, former U.S. am- @8sador in Moscow, as director ‘f the psychological Strategy ard, The board plans psychological Warfare and gives directives to ‘. propaganda agencies. The admiral is at present chair- ‘4n of the notorious American °Mmittee for the Liberation of ® Peoples of Russia. : ah This is a committe financed by ‘gap messmen for organizing propa- da against the Soviet Union SYDNEY J. EDGAR HOOVER to invade DeGasperi’s government. “Tn 1948, when it seemed that the Italian elections might end in civil war, or at least in an at- tempted revolution. in Washing- ton we were worried by the fact that your carabinieri and your army lacked arms and that per- haps they would have had diffi- culty in putting down a revolt.” Apparently there was nothing that could be done, No one was assum- ing the responsibility to take a decision, And what decision? “At that time T was vice-ad- miral of naval operations, in charge of the organization of the Navy Department. I took the decision. I loaded a trans port ship with light arms and ammunition and ordered it to the Mediterranean. The captain had to cruise the Italian coast for 200 miles awaiting orders, “hen I went to secretary For- restal and confessed what I had done. I told him he could send me home, if he wanted to and he could bill me for the value of the ship and the cargo, put that I had made the decision because no one else could have made it, which I considered a necessary provision for the security of the United States, because the loss of Italy would have been more grave for our defense. “Forrestal got up, placed his ®spionage and sabotage. hand on my ‘shoulder, and told Yank admiral ready in 1948 | if DeGasperi lost : ROME A U.S. admiral here revealed on August 6 that a U.S. military force was set to invade Italy in 1948 if the elections had gone against y Admiral Robert Carney. who with the ieee DeGasperi government is. under the Atlantic pact, virtu- ie eRe the Italian armed forces, blurted out this re velation in an interview with Luigi Barzini. Jr., published in UBuropeo. a conservative magazine: me I had done very well. The ship never came close to the Italian coast and it returned to the United States with the cargo intact because fortunately it Was not necessary to put down any revolution. “Naturally, we are not content with things as they stand. There is still much to do. American arms have arrived late and in modest quantities. It is not our fault. The war in Korea has until now absorbed almost all that we have been manufacturing, But for some time now arms are arriving with increased tempo...” If the left forces of Italy, there- fore, had succeeded in winning the general elections of 1948 the Unit- ed States was ready to intervene with arms to reverse the will of the Italian people. The dangerous implications ex pressed in the admiral’s words, far from diminishing, have increased since 1948, It is universally ack- kowledged that since the last gen eral Italian elections DeGasperi’s prestige has suffered irreparable damage. This was probably best demonstrated in the municipal elections in North Italy in the spring of 1951 and the municipal elections in South Italy last May. All told, the Christian Democratic party of DeGasperi had lost no spiring to advocate and teach the by force and violence.’’ : (fearing the jury might throw out the false charge and acquit the 14 working class leaders, the administration directed d barrage of screaming newspaper headlines and blaring radio broadcasts at the jury. The basis of these headlines and reports was a “secret” FBI report issued by FBI director J. Edgar Hoover through Senator Pat Mc- Carran, The report was labelled: “Documentary Proof that the Communist Party, U.S.A. Teaches and Advocates the Overthrow of the U.S. Government by Force and Violence.” It contained quo- tations from passages from Marx- ist-Leninist books beginning with the Communist Manifesto, This report was released the day before the jury was to begin deliberations on its verdict. As they left the Los Angeles court- house, they 'were surrounded by screaming newspaper vendors bearing the Los Angeles Herald Express headlines. In red stream- ers: “FBI Bares Stalin U.S, Re- volt Plot.’’ The subheading read: “Armed Revolt Plot Told.” Alj that night, radio and television newscasts shouted the FBI’s de- clarations. The next morning, the day the jury was to get the case in its own ‘hands, the newspaper headlines were in the same vein in Jetters three inches high. Aside from the fact that Stalin was not on trial, the FBI report was a hash of falsehoods from be- ginning to end. But the FBI, and McCarran, were about the truth. They wanted a verdict of guilty. Their report told the jury to issue such a The jury returned after five and a half .days of deliberation, and declared ‘‘Guilty.” As they left the courtroom; two of the women jurors were weeping. It was a verdict for which all Am- erica should. weep. ; Only after Judge William Ma- thes had sentenced the 14 Com- munists to five years imprison- ment and $10,006 fine each, the maximum under the Smith Act, did Mathes announce the reason for their conviction. : He said they were_convicted of a “crime of the mind and the heart.” That meant the 14 were to be placed in prison for fixe years only because they thought and believed and felt — nothing more. No conspiracy. No teaching. No advocacy — only guilty of having a mind FBI phoney report used to sway jury _ lin California trial _ administration on August 5 bludgeoned a jury of eight women and four men into declaring 14 California Communists guilty of ‘“‘con- unconcerned | verdict, and they were successful. | _— overthrow of the U.S. government _ and a heart, thinRing and feel- ing for the working people and for peace, ; Among the 14 California Com- munists convicted were William Schneiderman, chairman of the Communist Party in that state. Nine years ago William Schneider- man was acquitted of the same charge by the Supreme Court which held that the Communist party did not advocate the over- throw of the U.S. government by force and violence. Mrs. Oleta O’Connor Yates, organizational secretary of the Communist Party in California, received a double sentence — five years under the Smith Act and a five-year concur- rent sentence on charges of con-_ tempt flung against her by Judge Mathes after Mrs. Yates defended the principles of her party and refused to become a government informer. ; : Two the most prominent newspapermen and editors in the © country were also among the 14. They were Al Richmond, editor of. the People’s World, and Philip “Slim” Connelly, one of the. founders of the American News- paper Guild, and associate editor of the People’s World. That this same court and FBI procedure was to be adopted in the trial of 15 additional workin class leaders on trial under the same Smith Act charges in New York is a great likelihood. Federal judge ‘Edward Dimock, sitting on that case in the Foley Square court house in Manhattan, declar- ed his intention to permit FBI Di- rector Hoover, Senator McCarran > and any other government of- ficials who want to prejudice ‘the jury to use their power at will. _ His intention was implicit in his | statement overruling a defense motion for a mistrial. That mo-_ tion was made by Defense At-_ torney John T. McTernan after the FBI report was smeared all over New York newspapers and radio stations, pee But Dimock ruled: “It seems to me that the publication was just what might be expected of a goy- ernment Which was engaged in its first duty of self-preservation.” . HANOVER A new rift appeared in the neo- Nazi Socialist Reich party last week when Dr. Fritz Dorls, first party chairman, was suspended from office by the chairman of the party’s “Supreme Court of Honor.” Two days before this action, as third chairman of the party because of Dorl’s failure to resign after allegations in the German fewer than four million votes, Nazi in, Nazi out in row over new Reich party | | man, as the party’s effective lead- Count Wolf von Westarp resigned |. weekly Der Spiegel that Dorls had _ PACIFIC TRIBUNE — AUGUST 22, 1952 — PAGE 3 — said an underground organization would be formed if the party were banned. ne Resignation of Count Westarp and the suspension of Dorls leaves former Major-General Otto Ernst Remer, the second party chair- er. Remer, 40, who helped to sup- press the anti-Hitler plot of July, 1944, has recently served a four- month jail sentence for slandering the Resistance men. - : .