a a ae a

Progressive candidates stand for

peace

Their names won’t appear in the headlines of the big commercial dailies, but they’ll be on the

ballot for the Progressive party in many states when the U.S. elects a new

president. next Novem-

ber. Vincent Hallinan, (above right) famed lawyer of California, who is now in prison for six

months for “contempt of court”
dential candidate. Mrs, Charlotta Bass, until recently publisher of the California Eagle,

arising out of his defense of union leader Harry Bridges, is presi-

a leading

fighter for Negro rights, is the first woman ever to be nominated for such a high office. Im accept-

ing nominations, Hallinan declared

Bass: “It is the call of all my people and to my people.”

: “We have the guts to fight for our children’s lives.” Said Mrs.

Liberal eee reports:

‘I was sceptical of germ war
charges - now P’m convinced
they must be investigated’

The first eyewitness accpynt of
here in the form of a declaration by Marc Jacquie
the- areas affected by germ warfare during March.
incredulity to indignation and demands for an

Jacquir, one of eight delegates from eig

Democratic Lawyers, spoke .at a
press conference on April 9 given
by the French Mouvement Pour
La Paix. It was attended by 300
outstanding figures in all walks
of French life.

Jacquier’s declaration also ap-
pears in the independent weekly,
L’Observateur—a journal roughly
analogous to The Nation,

It is significant that its editors,
who are anti-Communist, speak
up in support of the World Peace
Council’s demand for an impar-
tial investigating body.

I understand that overtures
are now being made both in
Hurope and the U.S. to men and
women of outstanding compe-

Pi tt

AP report debunks

debunking story in
New York Times

NEW YORK

The New York Times story
scoffing at charges of germ wart-
fare in Korea is debunked by two
men, U.S, Major General E. T.
Bullene, chief of the U.S. “Army
Medical Corps, and Rep. R. L. F.
Sikes, who heard secret testimony
from the general.

The New York Times asked
the Pentagon to answer the
charge that the U.S. was using
germ warfare. The Pentagon
replied that the Chinese photos
showed ‘leaflet bombs” (see
photo on this page). But the As-
sociated Press on April 5 sent all
newspapers a dispatch stating:

“The means of delivering germs
to enemy territory, he said, are
simple and involve equipment of
the type which the services are
now ‘already well stocked’.”

iy ta 0) en Oe 0

By JOSEPH STAROBIN

.

PARIS

bacteriological warfare against China and Korea has reached
r, a prominent French lawyer.
His testimony is helping to change the widespread
im partial investigation.

ht countries sent by the International Federation of

He travelled in

tence and non-partisan sympa-
thies to take part in the investi-
gating body, The fact that
People’s China and North Ko-
rea are quite prepared to sub-
mit the evidence of bacterio-
logical warfare to such a com-
mission has made a deep im-
pression in Europe.

Equally revealing is the stand
taken by the British liberal week-
ly, New Statesman and Nation.
for. April: 12. Its columnist
“Critic’—general known to be
the anti-Communist, Kingsley
Martin — says the World Peace
Council’s position and the testi-
mony of China’s Kuo Mo-jo has
made a/deep impact on him. “I
may only add that I was a com-
plete sceptic, indeed scoffer, and
that now I am convinced only
that there is a case for investiga-
tion,’’ Martin writes.

Jacquier—whose authority and
honesty as a lawyer are unques-
tioned in Paris—told of conver-
sations with Korean and Chinese

peasants and sanitary workers.
He says they were interrogated
the way lawyers usually interro-
gated hostile witnesses; transla-
tions into English and French
were compared and they matched.

In all cases, the witnesses
gave details of how U.S. planes
circled slowly over villages,
dropping bombs that did not
explode and which were later,
found to be the kind used in
sppreading leaflets and propa-
ganda. Insects were discovered,
sometimes coming out of por-
celain containers, sometimes in
the leaflets, and in some cases
in chicken feathers.

The insects were found in tem-
peratures in which they would

not ordinarily breed, and months
before their eggs hatch.

Chief emphasis in France is on
pushing the investigating com-
mission, condemning the crimes,
and demanding that the United
States sign the 1952 Convention
against such warfare.

to open on impact.
insects are placed.

This picture shows two halves of a germ bomb, constructed
Note the compartment where the infected

wa oe

one of the startling facts. told to

Conference in Defense of Children

Coming from all parts of the
werld’ and differing widely in
their political and religious con-
victions, these leaders in the
fields of health and education
were united on one point, the need
‘to defend and serve the children.

Conference discussions convinc-
ed the overwhelming majority of
them that the present war tension
and rearmament are the main
factors preventing adoption of so-
cial measures for child welfare in
many countries,

Delegates condemned not only
the physical preparations for war
but the mental preparations being
made in the receptive minds of
children by the radio, press, films
and. books which glorify cruelty
and violence.

They urged a people’s boy-
cott of those American comics
which incite violence and sav-
agery. Such comics, it was
stated, totalled 700 of the 800
million books published in the
U.S. last year. They denounc-
ed American dumping of these
comics in their own countries.

‘Conference urged its national
committees—already existing in
40 countries—to celebrate June
1, International Children’s Day,.
by greater activity to save chil-
dren from the menace of war,

Many Western delegates were
shocked by the startling disparity
revealed in the discussions be-
tween even the inadequate facili-
ties for children in the capital
centres of imperialism and the
virtual absence of these facilities
in many colonial and dependent
countries.

Millions of children were re-
ported to be hungry, homeless
and illiterate, despite legislation
ostensibly designed to prevent
this,

Almost every delegate, except-
ing those from the Soviet Union
and the Peoples’ Democracies. re-
ported a shortage of schools,
teachers, materials and books.

Millions’ of orphaned children
still urgently need attention.
France has 1,00,000 and Ger-

Rearmament denies
homes, schools, milk
to world’s children

By PAT. DOOLEY

VIENNA

The sale of children is still a thriving trade. In one Japanese
town, 3,000 children were sold for $8 to $10 apiece.

This was only

500 leading educationists, health

workers doctors and scientists from 40 countries at the International

here,

many eight million. One class -
in a Hamburg school has 20 to
40 percent orphans.

Over 100,000 people in Bom-..
bay are huddled 10 to 19 in a
room and one and a half million
have no homes at all.

Italy has three million people
without shelter. France needs
fiye million apartments, Britain
has two million families waiting

for houses.
Barracks, not schools and
houses are being built. -Denmark

is spending 150 million crowns
on air-raid shelters—in parks and
children’s paygrounds. '

Allocations for housing, educa-
tion and social institutions for
children have already been drasti-
cally cut, Rising prices have re-
duced the children’s food and
milk.

In Britain, the 1944 Act to raise
the school leaving age to 16;
which would increase the number
of pupils by one million, cannot be
operated because of the shortasé
of schools,

On behalf of the 30-member
British delegation, T. Kilbort
said that nursery schools in Brit-
ain cover only one percent of the
children between the ages of two
and five.

Miss R. Weschler, speaking 0?
behalf of the ten American dele
gates, said that American educa”
tion today had one aim: to pre
pare the child for war.

The U.S. Board of Education
had issued 200.000 metal name
tags, guaranteed not to melt
under even the greatest heats
to children under eight.

Over 14% million dollars had
been knocked off this year’s chil
welfare budget allocation. U-5
war costs jumped from 65 to 85
percent of the budget.

Brightest reports came fro”
the Soviet Union, China, and
the — Peoples’ Democracies:
which could proudly report the
expanding facilities existing
their countries for the prote¢
tion, mental and cultural d&
velopment of their children.

SOMEWHERE IN KOREA

Many ingenious methods have
been devised by the Americans to
deceive aircraft mechanics, bomb
handlers and +technical workers,
into loading bacterial weapons, in
the belief that they are only load-
ing normial equipment, ©

One common type is parachute
flares. I have examined several
such flares which were used to
drop insects. Externally they are
simply a flare. marked ‘‘Aircraft
Parachute flare MK 6 Mod 51’
and in one case marked in pencil
FIO SE5.”

The label gives instructions for
fuse setting in the case of normal
flares. These flares are differ-
ent, however.

In samples I have seen there is
no sign of burning, no sign of

{| combustible contents. The interior

is clean, They have been found

PACIFIC TRIBUNE

Germ bombs diszuisel
by ingenious methods

By ALAN WINNINGTON

always in areas where swarms oF
insects were dropped. f

One of the commonest tyP® i
containers is the standard tyP®
leaflet propaganda bomb hinsé
below the tail fins and openiné
two sections along its length.

Eyewitnesses are likely t0
regard such a germ raid a5
ordinary leaflet raid.

Other containers are special
designed and unlike anything 8°
before the germ war began.

They include: translucent
tic containers with transPat B
windows, small canisters with os
holes about the size of @ snie
all over and the whole thing © i
ered with fine wire gauze W ie
rips open at one point on atribi
the ground, we

The fineness of the gauze os
it is used for very small i”*
probably fleas.

“6 2
— APRIL, 25, 1952 — PAGE

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