Name:

Peter Mar,tin

Born On:

October

20, 1930

Where:

In Hazelton

B.C.

Did you go to school?

I went as far as grade

Yes I did,

six.
Parents

names:

Charles

Later on, we moved
Rufus Good.
My father,

B.C.

father/.

My stepfather

was

was Maria Good.

Martin

went to R school, he finished

school and went to D.B.C.
I married

is my original

to Kitwancool

My mother
Charles

Martin

He studied

law.

Eva, who also went to school, and went as far as

grade seven.

Our kids names and their grades

Rita;

twelve

grade

Georgina:

grade ten

Dolly: grade eleven

L'lsa : gra d e twe 1ve

Timothy:

D aVl'd : gra d e twe 1 ve

grade eleven

Lucy: grade

twe've

About highway

are:

&collli,:;e

constructions!

it was in the late fifties.

When did this occur?
The highway

I think

went through

to

Stewart B.C.
Were born when the people
moved to Kitwancool,

(white)

arrived?

I was six years old.

white man I saw was the school teacher,

When we

And the only

Mr. Green.

When did you get running

water

fifties.

It was in the early fifties.

And the hydro,

Did you go to war?
Prince Rupert,

in the houses?

Yes, they picked

In the early

us and we went to

B.C We were sent home from th "reo We were

only there for two weeks.

-2-

Was there a doctor when your were young?
one in Hazelton,

B.C.

Yes there was

When anyone got sick, seriously,

would go by wagon with horses

to Kitwanga,

take the train from Kitwanga

to Hazelton.

Another

way of travelling

All we had was wagon

was by canoe,

For infections,

any sickness,

people would use Devils
branches

from certain

Later on river

to the coast.

or injuries,

the Indian

club, roots from lily-pads,

types of trees.

of waht the old people

B.C. And then

during the summer.

trails years ago.

boats were used. for travelling

we

barks

These are just some

use to use for healing

process.

Scen from the beaver

was used for injuries.

For the Indian people

years ago, it was self government.

There was freedom
e

on the land.

The p~ople

were able to corne

and go as they pleased

on their own land.

They were able to

go hunting,

fishing

trapping,

The people would hunt,

according

to their own seasons.

trap fish for a living.

This is for

their food, clothing

and shelter.

Women made baskets,

blankets,

also picked berries.

Men would cut trees for houses,

(shelter)

The Indian made good use of our land, and animals
The Indian people

did not kill everything

hunting.

They left some for reproduction.

fishing,

they only took enough

The Indian people
~hought

fish and meat.
wasting

to live on during the winter.

were thoughtless

The whitepeo~le

wild meat and fish.

when they go
Also when they go

did not waste anything.

the Indian people

on the la~d.

accused

The white people
concerning

the natives

of

the

-33

When the whitepeople
laws and forced
not allowed

arrived,

they brought

it on the Indian people.

to go hunting

whenever

in their

Indian people

they want or they cannot

go fishing when ever they want.

Whitepeople

Indian people

or fishing.

when to go hunting

There is absolutley

no freedom

anymore

Before the Hdro came to Kitwancool,

tell the

for the Indian people.

The Indian people

coal-oil

lamps, or candles.

And there was no indoor

toilets.

The Indian people

had out houses

which are usually
running water

outside

there house.

in the houses.

carry their water from rivers
A lot of the people
for heat.

used

for toilets,

They did not have

The Indian people

used to

or creeks.

in the villages

still use wood stoves

They think hydro bills are too much.

And very few Indian people
smoking fish.

still have smoke houses

for

A lot of us feeze our fish or meat. Some do

can both fish or meat.
off.

are

The Indian tradition

Some of the Indian people

the older generation

is slowly~ying

will not listen to the rules

made years ago.

Because

the Indian people

younger

generation

were forced

is being moderized.

to go to school, the