ee

sharp turn

We are going through one of the decisive turns of history
when every socialist must keep his head.
-The momentous announcement by the Soviet government
that the international situation is so fraught with dangers, that
it is compelied in the interests of the socialist countries, and by
the same token of all peace-loving people, to resume the
testing of thermo-nuclear weapons, has shaken many people who
Sincerely thought world. peace was mainly the establishment
of goodwill among men, and not a bitter and complex struggle.
% %

.Propaganda mills are working mightily to falsify the record
and portray the Soviet Union-as the warmonger and the U.S.A.
as the advocate of péace through negotiation. It
wm iS absolutely necessary that people stick to the

: facts, to the truth.

The people of the Western countries, includ-
ing many ardent, workers for peace, have not
realized the terrible danger of war, and the
_ implacable determination of the NATO powers
to incite war. :

The people of Eastern Europe, and first of
: all the most experienced people and govern-
* ment in the world, the Soviet people’s govern-
» ment,’ are under no illusion what the Berlin

oO crisis means, what a revived Germany militar-
ism will do, and what the Western capitalist states are really
like.

cr *

se

% *&

‘Forgetting for a moment the betrayal of Spain, Czecho-
_Slovakia, Poland and Ethiopia before World War Two, they
» know that. from 1946, when the cold war officially began with
, Winston Churchill’s speech in Fulton, Missouri; up to now, the
.foreign policy of the Western countries, led by the’ USA, has

been to do what they failed to doin 1939:— turn the forces
_Of war and destruction against the Soviet Union.

For 12 years now, right-to the very Soviet statement on the
; tests, the government of the USSR, backed by the people of the
/ socialist states, and joined by many new neutral countries, have
, fought for complete and general disarmament, the outlawing of
nuclear weapons, the establishment of atom-free zones and the
abandonment of war as a means of settling disputes. It is this
program of peace, not bomb tests, which is the rocklike founda-
tion of their foreign policy. The problem of “tests or'no tests”
is part of the whole problem of disarmament.
_ “This peace policy has been, and still is rejected by the
NATO powers. :

: ; % x %

‘The USA, under President Kennedy, is bent.on fomenting
world erisis right up to war in the case of Berlin, as he. tried
it in Cuba this summer, as Truman did in Korea, Eisenhower
in the Far East, Eden in the Suez, de Gaulle in North Africa,
and as they tried to do together in Hungary.

They have increased their military budgets. They organize
daily provocations right on the borders of the German Demo-
eratic Republic. They have stalled at the Geneva arms talks,

,refusing to recognize that in the proposal for a “troika”’ of
= East, West and the neutral countries, lies the possible hope
_ that inspection will work in the divided world of today.

They sneer at the idea of complete and general disarma-
ment and call it “stupid idealism” or “propaganda.” They sabo-
tage the Rapacki plan for a demilitarized zone in Central

, Europe. They laughed at the Soviet proposals to cut down
. the size of armies and to limit armed forces to those required
for border duties. ; : ; ;

Only the other day they gave de Gaulle a clean bill of

* health for his Tunisian massacre. Cuba, the Congo, Angola,
South Africa, country after country, have felt their heavy hand
of repression.

* % *&

Year after year, when the USSR proposed a peace treaty
with Germany, they scoffed, because they wanted to build up
_ West German militarism, arm it, help to train its troops in the
Welsh’ countryside and its Luftwaffe in Canada, planning to
allow West Germany to repeat what Hitler did in 1939.
And now they, the NATO chiefs, are ready to give atomic
“weapons to nazi generals. oe eet
“ mie = Sent aie. ONES ae aie
Who is responsible, then, for the war danger, for the crisis
‘which compelled the Soviet Union to-do what it did? Can this
. tale. of evil treachery to the promise of a world without war,
have any meaning at all except that the NATO powers are bent
on war, that, they are again out to sabotage at-the coming
Session of the U.N. the Soviet proposal for complete and gen-
eral disarmament, for a world without. ‘weapons and: without
_ywar — the only thing that will save us from “world war?
Or that they are ready to push the Berlin crisis to the point
_of armed conflict? enn
We cannot expect the Soviet Union to tailor its actions to fit
the prejudices that Western people imbibe from the newspapers,
radio’ and TV. It must act, for peace, for humanity; it must.
loseno opportunity to open the eyes of the people to the truth;
it must above all show the warmongers that, if they dare to
strike, as they want to, they cannot win. ;
- The Soviet Union’s statement on tests says it is ready at

Fei

*

any moment to sign an agreement on complete and genera¥|

disarmament. Let the West say the same thing! Let John
_- Diefenbaker say that! There is the real test of today.

Brazil events spotlight
Latin American proble

MEXICO CITY — It does not require any great stretch
of the imagination to ‘see the connection between events
in Brazil and the doomed-to-failure Alianza para el Pro-

greso of President Kennedy as expressed in,the documents

The main economic problems
facing Latin America. stem
from U.S. domination of their
economies; the whole point of
the Alianza is to perpetuate
and extend this domination.

The result of the Punta del
Este agreements (not signed by
Cuba) has been a_ sharp in-
crease ‘in political tensions, ex-
pressed most spectacularly in
Brazil but also seen in Argen-
tina in the resignation of the
foreign minister, charged with
telling the truth about the U.S.
Cuban talks in Uruguay, and in
Chile ‘in a series of strikes
against the policies of President
Alessandri, a supporter of the
Alianza.

In Mexico, contemporaneous-
ly with the inter-American
meeting, progressive forces of
all points of view were coming
together to form a Movement

a new and important factor in
Mexico’s political life, with an
economic program that calls
for development of industry,
expropriation of foreign-owned
monopolies, and avoidance of
any association with foreign
capital representing imperialist
penetration. r

In Brazil what is at stake is
the right of the government to
limit and end dependence of
Brazil on the U.S. as a source

OBITUARY
KARL KETOLA

Canadians in many parts of
the country will mourn the
death of Kalervo Kaarlo Keto-
la who died on Sept. 2 in Tor-
onto’s ‘Sunnybrook Hospital af-
ter a long illness.

Formerly of Sudbury, Ont.,
Karl, as he was known to his
friends, was on the editorial
staff of the progressive Finnish
language newspaper, Vapaus.
He was active in the progres-
sive Finnish community, being
a member of the Finnish Or-
ganization of Canada.

Born in Finland on May 21,
1925, and brought to Canada
at the age of one, he was a
Canadian veteran of World
War Two.

In a message to the editor of
Vapaus, Tim ~ Buck, national
leader of the Communist Party,
extended the deep, fraternal
sympathy of the entire mem-
bership of the party to Karl’s
bereaved wife, Margaret, and
wrote of Karl that he “dedi-
cated his life to the struggle
for peace and democratic pro-
gress in Canada, to the ideal
SP socialism.) yo Ca 4
In addition to his wife, Karl
is ‘survived by his mother,
Hilja Ketola, nee Kallio, of
Trepanier, B.C., and three sis-
ters: Mrs. Mary -Lamb of Pen-
‘ticton, B.C., Mrs. Tom Mc-
Laughlin of Peachland, BoC;

B.C.

The USSR now has 118
women college graduates for

every 100 men.

of National Liberation (MLN), |

and Miss Fae Ketola of Haney, j

of the Punta del Este conference.

of capital and as the main mar-
ket for Brazilian coffee. With
this goes the need to develop
Brazilian oil production under
the. government controlled oil
company, Petrobras, the fur-
ther growth of the Brazilian na-
tional steel enterprise, Volta
Redonda, as a basis for general
industrial growth, and_ the
maintenance of Brazilian con-
trol over the iron ore reserves
‘of the country. epi

‘One of the. companies .seek-
ing Brazilian iron ore concess-
ions is the M. A. Hanna Co. of
Cleveland that controls the big
iron ore concessions in Labra-
dor through the Iron Ore Com-
pany of Canada. se
CUBAN EXAMPLE

But the need. to develop Bra-
zilian control and the program
of the Alianza are two quite
different things, as Che Guev-
ara pointed out with quiet hu-
mor at Punta del Este. It is not
at all extraordinary that ex-
President Quadros should have
conferred the highest Brazilian
decoration on Guevara whose
presentation of Cuban progress
towards industrialization based
on the help of the socialist
countries, made a profound im-
pression on his Latin American
colleagues.

In discussing the documenis
prepared by the U.S.-oriented
experts for the conference,
Guevara noted that they put
in first place not industrializa-
tion but the building of hous-
ing and health measures. This,
said Guevara, puts the building
of latrines ahead of economic
development. Had Cuba follow-
ed that proposal, the country
would be a paradise of latrines,
but without factories and with-
out agrarian reform.

The merit of the argument
was recognized in the Toronto
Globe & Mail in an editorial
complaint that the U.S. plan
was to build low-rental housing
without making provision for
jobs so that people could pay
rent.

Guevara startled the confer-
ence with the calm assertion
that Cuba, on the basis of soc-
ialist aid, looked forward to a
rate of growth of 10 percent
(per annum) for the next 10

‘by the threat to their fa

nation of Quadros, and
‘about a re-orientation 0

years, compared to U.S. ©
mates for the rest of Laut
erica that hovered betwee?
percent and 1.5 percent; We!
1980 the Cuban average
pita income would be 9
(higher than the U.S.) wa
the Alianza experts estimé
that Latin America per |
income would go up #f
level of $340 a year to
$500 a year in the same P)
Nationalist forces in
have been deeply influence!
the expression of these
And pro-U.S. forces, thos
see’ a profitable futul
themselves in the handing
of Brazilian resources to
capital, are equally dis!

position. The right-wing }
struck first, to force the

zil’s foreign policy, partic
vis-a-vis Cuba. .

The attempt to imp
right-wing, pro-U.S. 0
ment on Brazil will be res¢
all over Latin America. /
doomed to fail in the fé
the opposition of the Bra
people but the failure m
volve bloodshed and sufi
And there will be no!
where the responsibility ©

Labor wins |
victory :

The Taylor, Pearson,
strike, now entering its €
week, got a shot in the
with a ruling last week se¥
aside an injunction attemP!
to stop the union from pit
ing operations of the firm ‘
er than those directly invol\
in the strike.

This enables the hu
striking members of the Wi
sale Retail Union to picket
place of business operated
the company. As the W
points out, the main thing
its strike is to stop the ™
ment of the commodities
which Taylor, Pearson
Carson act as distributor
this right is decisive
early victory in the battle.

The labor movement
watching the court case V
carefully as there was 4 *
rent interpretation that
42 and 43 made such picke”
illegal... A

The victory in this cas®
hailed as a win for all 1a!

for workers, _

‘September 15, 1961—PACIFIC TRIBUNE—

Above photo shows new building being built in Ha

eis