oy . __Cthe herald) PAGE 4, THE HERALO, Thursday June 23, 1977 ~\ Published by Sterling Publishers Ltd. Terrace » 635-6357 Kitimat - 632-5706 Circulation - 635-2877 PUBLISHER... GORDON W. HAMILTON MANAGING EDITOR... ALLAN KRASNICK KITIMAT MANAGER... W.5, ‘KIM’ KIMBLE CIRCULATION MANAGER... JACK JEANNEAU Published every weekday at 3212 Kalum Sf. Terrace B.C. A member of Varifled Circulation. Authorized as second class malt. Registration number 1203, Postage paid In cash, return postage guaranteed. NOTE OF COPYRIGHT The Harald retains full, complete and sole copyright In any advertisement produced and-or any editorial or photographic content published In the Herald. Reproduction Le rat permitted without ihe written permission of the r. | well, in the We are parochial The Royal Commission inquiry into a possible British Columbia Railways extension from Sustut Junction to Dease Lake may be relatively insignificant superficially. After all, it will mérely prepare a report and submit it to the government of B.C. and, of course, governments are notorious for ignoring the conclusions of Royal Commissions. But looking deeper, the hearing which spent two days in Terrace on its way across the northern part of the province epitomized the fragmentary thinking that has shaped human history and given ys the benefits and miseries of “progress.” Should a rial line be built into the northern-most of B.C.? If go, where should it be located and y whom should it be constructed? These are the questions the commission is looking into. In order to helpthem form a general icture of the problem, various groups submitted riefs explaining their specific needs and desires. There is essentially one question but dozens of possible answers, each determined by specific sets of conditions and values. Theoretically, the commissioners will sort through mountainous testimony and come to an = @bjective decision which benefits the most people. :. But what does it all amount to practically? “Each brief presented to the commission 7 represents the special interests of a specific group or community of people who often appear parochial ~* to those who think more along provincial lines. But provincial thinkers, in turn, are just that - “‘provincial’’ - to those whose scope is national. And on it goes. Nationalist thinking is narrow as global forum. This characteristic divisiveness is at once dynamic and destructive. As thesis and antithsis, fragmentation has propelled human societies through lifestyles and political systems; through cultural and moral changes to the present day. It is argued that without conflict and discontent, there would be no “progress,” for why would man venture out of perfect contentment merely for something new? But ironically, progress, even in the field of medical science cannot be proven to have increased the quality of life. Having graduated from the fantastic, fabulous forever - rosy fifties, most of us now understand that, it’s neither how long you live, nor how comfortably that determines the quality of existence. Furthermore, it is becoming increasingly apparent that this divisiveness is largely responsible for the misery and misfortune that seems to remain with man Any form of identification with ideology, nation or group is a tacit expression of exclusiveness. Chauvinism is the adhesive which holds groups together. At the same time, it suggests rejection (no matter how polite or tolerant) of those who are not in the group. As man moves restlessly through the dialectic of social and political change, he is fueled and fractured by this cancerous breaking down. The larger the species grows, the tighter, comparatively, become the peripheries of thought. The process is inevitable, paradoxical and most of all puzzling, for we have thousands of years of examples from which to learn that it is precisely by building fences around ourselves that we fall into difficulty. Obviously it is our destiny and inorder to be free from it we must cease to identify with it. In this light, the Royal Commission inquiry into BCR (remember? that's how this whole thing started) is not only superficially insignificant, it is profoundly futile. Nontheless, in our social structure, it is necessary and that, perhaps, is the black humor of it . By GARRY FAIRBAIRN ASHINGTON (CP) — The enormous size of U.S. energy problems is becoming increasingl evident as oil slowly ad- vances south along the transAlaska pipeline. The | eagerly-awaited longheralded ‘Alaskan oil will help somewhat but completion of the huge project also underscores t vast additional energy needs of the United States.n After five years of polticallegal struggle and three years of construction costing $9 billion, the United States will have an_ oil source equal to only about seven per cent of its 1976 needs. At full capacity, the pipeline will move 1.2 ion barrels of oil a day, compared with average 1976 consumption of 17.3 million barrels a day. The $9 billion cost of the project, the largest privately-financed undertaking in U.S, history, is almost lost in the context of what is needed for other energy projects. The Federal Energy Administration estimates that if U.S. energy demand continues to climb four per cent annually, necessary investment in the period 1976-85 will be: oil and gas $275 billion; electricity §315 billion; coal $25 billion; other energy sources $10 billion; railroads $12 billion; nuclear fuel waste disposal $7 billion; natural gas distribution $12 billion; insulation and conservation about $200 billion. INFLATION INCREASES That estimate is in 1975 dollars. A safe bet is that actual spending would be more than $1 trillion. interpreting the news - Alaskan oil a drop in the bucket The U.S. experience with the Alaska pipeline is anything but encouraging for U.S. energy planners. To get the line built, its supporters had to wage lengthy and frustrating court _ battles wit environmentalists. It tock an act of Congress to eliminate such challenge and-permit the builders to bypass normal bureaucratic and legal avenues. - The original $900 million cost estimate became $9 billion partly because of features added to protect the environment. Even with oil tankers about to start loading on Alaska’s southern coast next -month, major problems are still unresolved. The rates to be charged for carrying the oil have not been approved and that question is becoming Major controversy. And, almost incredibly, the first oil is creeping south at 1.1 miles an hour along the 600-mile pipeline but no one seems certain how to handle the supply when it comes out' of the pipeline. Existing West Coast refi- neries, which were expected to be able to handle the oil, do not have the anticipated “need for it. They would alsa require extensive modification to handle as much as one-half the Alaskan year-end production. It will fake some time before economic arrangements are made for | the oil to reach the U.S. interior and in the mean- time the United States may wind up sending the temporary Alaskan surplus to Japan in return for Middle East oil that would “T thought you said this was supposed to.be a pleasure boat!” Many tremble at terror quakes By PIERO VALSECCHI GEMONA, Italy (AP) — “T can see the earth breaking open and the mountain collapsing on our houses. Then I wake up and I realize it's not true, that I was dreaming. But it happens often and I am always afraid,” says Roberto, a nine-year-old boy who lives in a refugee camv a year after an earthquake ‘destroyed his house and killed his grandparents. Roberto is one of the man children of Friuli still shocked by the experience of the jolts which nearly destroyed his town and nearby villages, killing 950 persons. His fears, shared by many adults, are kept alive by continuing earth tremors, which still can be occasionally felt in this mountainous region near the Austrian and Yugoslav frontier. The May 6, 1976, quake deeply influenced and upset Roberto’s life. He has given up school to help out with chores in the prefabricated barracks where he lives with his father, a mason. His mother, employed in another village, only comes home once a week. “T read and I write at home, but I no longer go to school. I fear living here but at the same time I can’t stand the idea of leaving. I have my friends here and I sometimes like to go to downtown Gemona and visit the place where my house was,” he says. MANY CHILDREN AF- FECTED Several teachers in nursery and elementary schools based in barracks here noted that many children have developed aggressive tendencies as 4 result of the quake. “It is not a general trend, however,’ one teacher emphasized. “Others are quiet. For instance, one boy who was buried for hours in his cotlapsed houses is extremely calm and never shows signs of fear.” Adults express other reac- tions. Dino Cum, 42, who fell from a third-floor terrace the night of the quake but landed unhurt in the debris, almost miraculously, says he sometimes feels an op- pression at night. - “You feel threatened, in danger. Yet I can’t survive away from here,” Cum says. He had moved to Switzerland with his wife and their fiveyear-old daughter, Rossella, after strong aftershocks which, hesays, were psychologically worse than the quake “and shattered my nerves,” ; “I was really afraid and I decided to quit my land. But after a few months we returned here. Living away was worse than anything else,”’ The epicentres of the jolts were near Gemona and the Cums often feel tremors, even the light ones, “Rossella immediately wakes up and calls her - mother as soon as she feels a jolt,” Cum says. But Teresa Cucig, 75, of Tarcento, said living in a tent for some months, in cold and rainy weather, was worse thannany tremor. She has since moved into a prefabricated hut. otherwise go to Japan and that can economically be delivered to the east or gulf coasts. There are signs that the United States is trying to en- sure more efficient handling and planning for suc projects as the proposed na sseireneaeet meleceteteteetase ; % a Bs w The fellow laughed: consistent.” Alaskan natural fs pipeline, as well as drawing up a comprehensive energy program. But the Alaskan experience shows how far the experts must go to have a rational, ong-term rogram for energy con- ervation and develipment. igonaisarernenes my opinion acini Tin gods rule | Terrace council | by BRIAN GREGG Kitimat Editor During my second week covering news in Kitimat I met someone who isn’t politically active who said: “TI get the impression that if your paper hadn't printed that inerview with Mario Di Giovanni, Terrace council wouldn’t have defeated his potato shed.” One gets a little tired of making excuses for Terrace all the time. I could only honestly reply: ‘Yeah, they are crazy over ~ there.” “Well at least they are Terrace’ council doesn’t miss a trick when it comes to mixing personalities with government business. It stomped all over Micky Jonhson when he rried to set up a ski shop, it stomped all over Alex Inselberg when he tried to set up a neighbourhood pub and now it’s mad.emashed potatoes over the Di Giovanni case. - And yes friends, it will stomp all over you if it gets the chance. Such actions deserve more than passing comment. People get what they deserve and deserve what ‘they ‘get. Terrace doesn’t have local.government, it has anti- government. Council has made itself into a litile tin god that will rule the way while the people rue the day. In the future when Terrace residents hear a prophet of gloom say ‘‘The sky is falling,’ they can expect more than crashing thunder. Report from Ottawa _ Thompson inquiry expands its role by IONA CAMPAGNOLO N.P.,SKEENA Dr. Andrew Thompson's inquiry into the maritime implications of the prposed Kitimat to Edmonton crude oil pipeline will continue - butnot as orginally planned. Instead of restricting his investigation to just the Kitimat proposal, Dr. Thompson will now - at the request of the federal government - refocus his efforts to include a review of proposals affecting southern B.C, as well. This change in Dr. Thompson’s mandate, which was decided in Cabinet last week, is a result of the Kitimat Pipeline Company’s suspension of their application for permission to build a pipeline and their subsequent endorsement of the Cherry Point to Edmonton proposal of Transmountain Pipeline Limited. As your Member of Parliament, I am pleased with this decision to continue Dr, Thompson's inquiry and to expand his mandate. Just because the MONTREAL (CP) — Women CRIMINOLOGIST CLAIMS | Most women murder in their homes But she said it is difficult to get penalties than women. Courts shouldn’t decide that a woman represent a small percentage of the total of persons convicted of crime, says Marie-Andree Bertrand, professor of criminology at University of Montreal. The percentage ranged from three per cent in Venezuela and Honduras to 23 per cent in Hungary and Belgium in an international study she did in the 1960s, Nowhere did crimes of violence exceed three per cent. Prof. Bertrand, who is writing a book on female criminality, spoke on the subject at a McGill University seminar. ety per cent of murderers in Canada are finally apprehended and charged, she said, although the rate of clearing of murder cases in Quebec is much lower. She estimates that 11 per cent of murderers are women and 80 per cent of the murders they commit are within the family. completely accurate statistics. FIGURES HIDDEN “It’s impossible to know what the crime rate really Is," she said. ''The figures available only measure what the police decide to report. “For example, of the two million offences reported in Canada during an average year, one million are never cleared, meaning that we never find out what happened in half of the cases. “And of the remainder, 100,-00 cases are cleared otherwise, Either the offender is dead, declared insane, under diplomatic immunity or the charges are dropped. Prof, Bertrand added that of these offences only serious crimes are detailed, leaving little information on the lesser offences. She said when men are convicted of indictable offences, they receive harsher “Statistics in 1972—the latest police figures available— showed that-6.53 per cent of convicted men received a sus- nded sentence without probation, the ightest sentence possible,”’ she said. GET LIGHTER SENTENCES The percentage of women receiving light sentences, however, was twice as great with 12.67 per cent,” In the same year, Prof. Bertrand said, 29 per cent of women were aquitted of rourder charges in contrast to about nine per cent of men. “Twiee as many women as men are declared unfit to stand trial,’’ she said. “They are diagnosed as depressive and neurotic.” Prof Bertrand cited the example of infanticide, the murder of a newly born child by its mother, for which the penalty is gnerally reduced because the woman is judged mentally unbalanced. is mentally ill just because she’s had a baby, said Prof. Bertrand. Mental illness should be proved. Contrary to the leniency shown adult women, is the treatment of young female delinquents, “Girls who run away from home are charged with immoral sexual conduct or deemed incorrigible and are treated more rigidly than young boys,” she said. “One girl to every four boys comes before the juvenile courts, but more than half the population of the training schools in the province consists of young females." . Prof Bertrand cited a case where a 15- ear-old girl received 36 to 40 months for immoral sexual conduct, “perhaps for sleeping with her boy friend.” The penalily for a boy in the same circumstances would be much lighter if there were-any penalty at all. focus of attention concerning potential oil traffic is now in the south does not mean that it will not The blunt fact is that, sooner orlater, Canada will need to have access to oil imports through the west coast. The question is not “yes” or “no”, but “how. Dr, Thompson's inquiry will now look at this question on a broad basis, and will provide a forum for the general pubiic, in addition to he experts and the ‘politicians; to express their views. Some people have written to me asking to have the Thompson inquiry eancelled, now that the Kitimat proposal has been suspended. I cannot accept this course of action, Questions regarding the environment suitability of our northern waters for oil the potential of Kitimat as a major port is far too great to tone day return to our area... tanker traffic still exist - and © be written off so quickly. To cancel the inquiry at time would be both unfair to the city of Kitimat and es would imilar to an ostrich sticking its head in the sand. The questions are still there - and even if the Kitimat Pipeline Company goes away - they won't. They need to be answered. Another question concerning the Thompson inquiry which I have received several letters and telephone inquiries on recently has been the allocation by Dr. Thompson of research funds to various organizations to prepare presentations for the orthcoming hearings. | I have been told that there was too much money given out; that there was not enough: that the wron groups got it; that none went to northerners; and so on. It is important to remember, when discussing this funding, that although the Thompson inquiry has been established, and is being financed, by the federal government; it was established as sa independent public inquiry under Paart 1 of the federal Inquiries Act, This has guaranteed Dr. Thompson reedam of action, and think that for the overnment to tell him now ow to spend his money would be totally contrary tq the intent of a public inquiry and it would be a short step from that to telling him how to write his report.