PAGE 2, THE HERALD, Monday, October 31, 1977

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”

Boys blessed, -

girls cursed

NEW DELHI (AP) —
Outside the delivery room of
a Delhi hos ital, the ex-
ectant mother’s famil
ept vigil, her husban
smoking and playing cards
with the menfolk, the
women knitting and
srecalling their own de-
“liveries.
% When the nurse arrived
swith the news, everyone fell
silent. Faces dropped. Some
xelatives consoled the new
‘father, others cursed the
‘mother. The newborn was 4
‘girl,
* For centuries in India, the
tbirth of a son has been
seemed a gift of God. The
‘birth of a daughter was, at
‘pest, a disappointment.
: This attitude persists,

fespecially in India’s
‘primitive, tradition-locked

villages. Many Indian girls
‘ace hardships unknown to
‘Indian boys, in some cases
‘even early death. .
= Stories of female in-
fanticide are not uncommon
in Indian villages. They are
almost never documented,
in large part because
authorities leave such
sensitive family matters
alone.
+ As young Indian women
become increasingly out-
bpoken about the
repressions of traditional
Hindu society, the problem
is being brought further into
the open.
: “Strangling baby girls at
birth or breast fee ing them
alter spreading opium on
e mother’s breast might
be a thing of the past,” says
Promilla Kapur, a
sociologist. ‘However what
was done in a fairly crude
fmanner is still often
achieved indirectly,”
: Ms, Kapur said it is not
gncommon for a female

Quebec prot

: MONTREAL (CP) —
While the Quebec govern-
ment’s language law has
sparked antagonism from
fhe province’s vocal English
minority, another minority
group feels it hasn't been
heard from—the French
Protestants.

‘ Approximately 85,000
French Quebecers are
Protestant, same of them
descendants of __ the
Huguenots, who fled from
France because of religious
persecution.

: Since school boards in
Quebec are divided along
religious lines, Roman

HERMAN

infant to be deprived of milk
or ignored if she falls sick.

The male child, on the
other hand, gets the most
nourishing food and
preferential treatment from
the mother.

“Even in educated homes,
the female infant gets less
nourishing food,” Ms.
Kapur said.

Dr. Ashok Mitra, a
demographer at New
Delhi's Jawaharlal Nehru
University, said data from
the 1971 census indicate
infant female mortality in
many regions is 30 to 60 per
cent higher than the
average rate of 120 to 130 per
thousand live births.

“Until 1951 it was evident
that baby girls were
criminally neglected from
birth up to the age of five.
Since 1951, the neglect
seems to have extended up
to the age of nine or 10.”

Several factors contribute
to the lot of the Indian girs
and many of them go back to
ancient Hindu attitudes
toward marriage, dowry
and caste. ;

Even today the majority
of marriages are arranged
by the bride’s parents. If
they fail to arrange a
suitable match while their
daughter is still young the

parents face religious and =~ “T_.

Social disgrace. %

On the bride’s parents

also falls ites burden of
lowry, the of money,
gold and jewelry provided to

e groom and his family as
part of the marriage
agreement,

If parents fail to give a
substantial dowry they risk
loss of status, an unsuitable
match for their daughter
and post-marital problems
between the bride and her
in-laws.

Catholic and Protestant
and because nearly all
francophones are Catholic,
French Catholic schools
have often been closed to
non-Catholiecs. This
arrangement has forced
assimilation of entire
French families into the
English school system.

There are only five
French Protestant schools
in Montreal under the
jurisdiction of the large,
English-speakin Protes-
tant school board of Greater
Montreal.

Gerard Gauthier is a
Protestant who has to send

to/s)

"Can you believe this? We've gotta go back all

the way to 1965,”

his two oldest children to the
Frenchlanguage de
Roberval high school in the
north-central
Montreal.

each way,” Gauthier said.
“They have to leave about
7:30 a.m. to get to school by
9 am.—and they aren't the
first ones on the bus.”
CHILDREN BUSSED

the south-shore
municipalities

Pretty fair star-gazers, but no
good chicken flappers and seagulls

‘ EDMONTON (CP) — Edmonton
Eskimos have always had pretty
fair star gazers but their chicken
flappers and seagulls have only been

Star gazers, chicken flappers and
seagulls are just part of the
evolution of the insiders’ language
used by coaches and players to
identify positions in footbail—an
evolution that has been a colorful
adjunct of Canadian and American
professional and college football.

For instance, many team:
designate strong-side and weakside
defensive personnel, according to
which side opposes the tight end.

The story goes that a mother took
strong objection to her son being
called a weak-side tackle and gave
the boy’s coach a tongue-lashing.
‘The coach promptly designated
weak-side defenders as quick-side,

Such terms as quarterback and
tackle are bland compared -with
nomenclature from other areas (a
noseguard in odd-man defensive
lines opposes the centre) or other
eras (the squirm half used to work
back against the flow of play).
PLAYED ALL OVER

If you think Larry Highbaugh of
the Eskimos is versatile (cor

nerback on defence, wide receiver
on offence, returner of kickoffs and
punts), contemplate the venerable
Annis Stukus.

The year was 1936. Stuke was
supposed to be a relief quarterback
for Toronto Argonauts. However, he
started the first game as an outside
wing, Was at inside wing and backup
quarterback in the second game;
played snap against Hamilton and in
the final game he was a halfback
and kicker.

Today the outaide wing is an end,
the inside wing is a guard and the
snap is the centre.

The first time I played in Mon-
treal I was introduced as a flying
wing,” recalls Edmonton coac
Hugh Campbell. “I asked the guys,
‘what am [ playing?”

Nowadays most teams in the
Canadian Football League go with
five offensive linemen— centre, two
guards and two tackles, On one side
they have a tight end on the line of
scrimmage and a flanker (former!
flying wing) out farther, one yard otf
the line. On the other side they have
a slotback off the line and split end,
out farther, on the line. The split end
and flanker are also called wide
receivers.

DESIGNATIONS VARY

The quarterback usually has two
backs directly behind him, z
fullback and a running back.

The running back may be called a
halfback or, if he’s the last manin an
I-formation, a tailback or 1I-back.
Winnipeg Blue Bombers substitute a
wingback for the slotback, playing
him outside the tight end.

On defence most CFL clubs em-

loy two tackles, two ends, three
ebackers and five backs—a safety
between two halfbacks and two
comerbacks. But the variations are
endless.

Winnipeg calls its safety a rover,

_In United States colleges the rover

was often named after the school or
the team mascot and thus became
known as The Monster, The Wolf-
man or Hawk.

As for star gazers, chicken flap-
ts and seagulls, Tom Parry, an
kimno guest coach, used the terms
at Central Washington State College.

A chicken flapper stands by the
pall durin a kickoff any hands
in the air, kee eve onside
behind the kicker A star gazer runs
back kickoffs or punta and a seagull
dives to block a kick.

part of
“It’s about 10 or 11 miles

About 140 children from

where

Gauthier lives, across the
St. Lawrence River from
Montreal, —
every morn
French schools.

The situation improved
this fall, however, when four
extra classrooms were
completed
French Frotestants at a
south-shore
elementary school.

The extra classrooms
were the result of a meeting
that Gauthier, president of

Education discrimination

estants: a silent minority

the Federation of Parents’
French School Association,
March with
Education Minister |
Jacques-¥van Morin.
Gauthier divides his time
editing the
Christian magazine Credo,
ly circulation
of about 1,-500 and acting as
president of the federation.
He finds himself caught in
the middle hy worki
the Protestant school board,
yet also belonging to the

board buses had in

to travel to
between
to receive with a month

English

Fear of the unknown

clares the
unilingually French.
Gauthier said

francophone
with

‘passible.”’

Who’s afraid of molecular genetics

EDMONTON (CP) — An Ed-
monton geneticist says public fear of
an area of molecular genetics called
recumbinant DNA work is greatly
exaggerated.

Dr. Asad Ahmed of University of
Alberta said in an interview that the
technique of introducing genetic
material (DNA or dioxyribonucleie
acid) from any organism into a spe-
cies of bacteria called Escherchia
coli (E. coli} could be hazardous but
is controllable.

‘Much of the fuss that is going on
is really to scare the public.”

The geneticist explained the
danger arises from the fact that E.
coli exist in the human intestinal
tract. ;

Opponents of the technique say
that if DNA that produced
dangerous toxins or perhaps tumors
were introduced into E. coii it might
infect human beings and cause
serious illnesses, perhaps even a
plague. co

“Scientists like to try new ideas
but at the same time they are aware
of their responsibility ,'* Ahmed said.

He said after the new technique
was devised in the early 1970s,
researchers called a oneyeal

moratorium while they worked out
methods to use it safely.
DANGER ELIMINATED |

The danger of using E. coli was
eliminated by using strains which
cannot exist in the human body.

In addition, grant-giving or
ganizations in the United States and
Canada have established guidelines
which set out the condifions and
equipment a scientist must have to
do experiments.

Dr. Ahmed said another element
to the widespread fear is the belief
that by adding genetic material to E.
coli scientists are ‘making new
forms of life ... doing something con-
trary to the laws of nature.”

The geneticist said the possibility
of using the technique to create
organisms for  hbacteriologica
warfare is a real danger but it
should not prohibit scientists from
using it for valuable practical ap-
plications or pure research.

This “very powerful scientific
tool” can be used to make possible
inexpensive production of large
quantities of hormones, he said.
PRODUCES INSULIN

Insulin, a hormone required by
diabetics, has already beer

produced by the method on a
research level. With some further
refinement and adjustment, i

’ should be possible to produce it ona

large scale.

e geneticist said the technique
makes It possible for the first time to
study the complex genetic activity in
higher organisms at a molecular
evel,

Previously only simple organisms
such as bacteria and viruses could
be studied to see how their genetic
mechanisms worked. Higher
organisms were studied by ob-
serving the characteristics their
genetic material produced.

By putting portions of the DNA of
higher organisms into E. coli and
studying their activities, scientists
should gather some medically useful
information.

“So many things that were
mysterious before have become
obvious.”

Dr. Ahmed said he would welcome
controls similar to the licensing of
scientists who use radioactive
substances but he is opposed to strict
legislative control,

‘There are enough controls within
the scientific community.”

Victoria
Report

_ political and dedicated to c

majority French population.
For example, the federation
opposes the Protestant
school board’s position
against the recently passed
language law which de-
rovince

bilingualism does not truly
existin Canada. “If you're a
ra h living in

ry, you have no free-
dom of choice. It's im-

Cyril Shelford, MLA

This week will likely go down in history asthe week of
decisions that vill attect the lives of Candians more than
within the last five years.

- ethe decision by the Federal Government to get out of
Wage and Price Controls which have worked and have kept
the lid on double digit inflation, granted like all other
programs it was not 100 per cent fair but far better than a
Palteary dictatorship which normally follows out of control
inflation, but I think it is safe to predict that controls will be
back in & more severe form after a round of high inflation
and higher unemployment following the de-control.

There is little indication of rea responsibility being
shown by any of the three sectors, Big agment, Big
Unions, or Big Government. The increases granted to

‘overnment employees, both Federaal and Provinicial,
Rave been far to large and have set the stage for massive
increases in costs to the Wealth Creating Industries such ag
Forestry, , Mining and agriculture which rely on export
markets. ;

Many large companies are not acting responsibiely either
as many are still able to deduct the increases from taxation.
It’s easy to grant increases when they are largely paid by
someone else.

Many union leaders are not acting in a resonsible manner
partly because they are more interested in political gain
than the best interests of their members. Many people in
Canada still don’t recognize the real difference between
they are more interested in political gain than the best
interests of their members. Many people in Canada still
don’t recognize the real difference between Unions in
Canada, Britain and Italy as compared toU.S.A., Germany
and Sweden. In the first group of countries the unions are
ing the system,which is
completely different from the objectives of working unions
of the U.S.4., West Germany or Sweden which accept the
sustem and strive only ta get the best deal they can for their
members.

When looking at the economy of the Nation as a whole the
only increases justified, except in the very low income
groups, is a realisitic C.0.L.A. clause to maintain our
present standard of living and keep coats down so that
more of our unemployed can be employed. This is the only
answer if we are to prosper as a nation,to keep cost of
kinds down, many cost are higher than to any of our
competitors, productivity is often lower due to obsolete
machinery.

Weneed a stable work force and no work stoppages,
with wages in line with our competitors to bring faith back
in our ability to compete with other trading nations. We do
have the ability and know how if we as a cositey put our
shoulders to the wheel.

Why should we want more when we now have close to the
highest standards of living in the world? Inlfation hurst.
everyone but none sohard as those on pensions and

ixed incomes, Have we as a society the right to
allow their income to be eroded which ia a simple form of
legalized robbery of the older people that built the coutry
and made our present high standards of living possible.

If a thief followed you into the bank and took two precent
of you yeni you would demand he be caught and
punished by a long term in jail, yet society as a whole

allows inflation which does exactly the same thing to ur

a le with very. little . for. jai
venta very: little protest and no demand ‘for. jell

ces. We have all allowed this to happen year atter,

"Yaar which isa disgraceful blot on society as a whole,

especially the last five years.

Widows face
20 years alone

WINNIPEG (CP) — Most couples marry “till death do us
part,” but death has a way of being particularly cruel to
The average age of widowhood for Canadian women is 56
and their average life expectancy is 76, An average widow
faces 20 years of living alone. °
mepestatatice don't reveal how & woman who has lost her
oneliness, alienation, I
bringing uD a tamly sane , lack of money or
elp wii ese real and personal the
Widows, c anaultatio Centre was setup three earaagoat the
funded i .
Aare Co. ' in part by the Great-West Life
; abeth Bartel is one of three “visiting widows’ work-
ing at the centre. She lost her husband 10 yon ge and anys
her own loss makes it possible for her to relate to another
“This is something no one else can do,’ she said “Before I

wa ‘widowed, T would not have known the range of her emo-

Pe es pUTLET

. Bartel said a visiting widow can provide an outlet for

& woman hesitant to disclos i

femur members, e her true feelings to friends and
© emotions she experienced after h ,

were rage, desperation and resentment. husband's death

“I went around hating old '
were slive and that he was dead I resented that they

Women adjusting to life without their husbands have

_ Many problems to overcome. Mrs. Bartel said the first is

often an identity ane.

“They have lived through their husbands

sugeessful- Now they have no confidence, whe were quils

a wellknown man whom I ed

while I stayed home. I had no identity after he was, gone,
That's one of the classic mistakes of my generation.”

Mrs. Bartel said widows also have to come to grips with

being ceingle, in a couple-oriented society and cing out

with me 0 | st time since they stopped dating years

MISS AFFECTION ,

“The first time I went out with another man, I near!
died. It was frightful. iwas soemotionally unbalanced.”

Widows miss male companionship, but Mrs, Bartel has
little use for the stereotype of the sex-starved widow.

You miss affection, warmth, touching, But it’s a terrible
cliche that every widow is so desperate that she'll take any-
one. That's so chauvinistic it just makes me sick.”

The Widows Consultation Centre gets the names of wid-
ows whose husbands were under 66 when they died from
news aper obituaries. It approahces them’ about two

The two-month interval

widow's life, said Mrs. Bartel. at an important time in a

cn ll your friends have gone back to their lives and said:
Teed to oe pe. Be strong. Be brave.”

when I got to that Stage ont the wall from loneliness

RAPPORT NEEDED

eat first. interview is crucial, Good rapport is needed

comfort to he ad the relationship is to be of much

“Once you have developed a food relationship, you can

encourage her toreach out and find the resources to rebuild

eit ae reel