Page 4, Tha Herald, Monday. January 5, 190!

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The farmers
manage _
despite od

WARSAW (Reuter) — The surprising thing about
Poland's private farmers, say Western and Polish
experts, is that they perform as wellas they do.

Often short of equipment and fertilizer, exploited
by corrupt officials, working uneconomically smail
plols, they manage to outperform state farms,
which receive preferential treatment.

Poland's 3.5 million private farmers bave begun
to organize, creating a Rural Solidarity union
modelled on Gdansk workers, and plan to run their
own supply and distribution system. .

Poland is unique among Communist countries in
that about 80 per cent of agricultural land js
privately owned. Attempts to collectivize the land in
the 1950s were soon abandoned. :

The average size of the private plots is about 4.56 -
hectares (12 acres), which in many countries would
be considered uneconomical. But Poland yas a food
exporter until. 1972, when it began importing
agricultural products. .

Western experts say Polish farmers could
produce more if they received more fertilizer, seed
and equipment at the right time.

The private farmers claim, and official figures
appear to support them, they are more efficient
than state cooperatives, despite the attention
lavished on the Latter. .

Official figures show state farms use three times
more fertilizer than private farms to produce the
same yield, And with one worker for every 8.5
hectares (22 acres), the state sector is overmanned,
compared with the most efficient Western

cers.
WAR th expt aldo Hay cdste‘in the state sector
gverage about’ $260°U.S. higher. per _acre (0.40
hectare) than on private farms.

Both sectors face one problem in common: an
unvieldy, highly-centralized supply and
distribution system that is unable to adjust to
developments.

At plowing time this year, 16 per cent of the state.
owned tractors were out of service due to 8 lack of
spare parts,

There is also a shortage of tractors in Poland. The
Ursus plant near Warsaw was supposed to produce

55,000 last year, some under Western licence. By -
mid-November, it bad turned out 1,400. Part of the
problem is in the inability of a plant in Lublin to
deliver,

There is reported to be a long waiting list for
tractors, especially among private farmers, One of

them attending a Warsaw rally was quoted az
saying he had waited 10 years for a tractor and had
-finally bought a used one from a state agency for
twice the cost of a new one.

Many private farmers slick with their horses.
There are about 1.8 million horses in Polish
agriculture, but the number is gradually falling.

The right product is very often not at the right
place at the right time. A lack of fungicide means
this year’s potato crop is ravaged by tight, raising
Prospects of fewer pigs, which feed on potatoes.

Be de teat eed A RACES Ceo UE TARE ATI OE TOO TP TEI]
sre eBoy eae | ae RP ae ie pe ah Ge",

JOHN
cal

OT TAKE INTO Account THE 1% /NELATION
RATE, 1984 HAS ‘BEEN RENAMED 99h

Probe at a dead end

SAN SALVADOR (AP)
— Ei Salvador's govem-
ment says the killers of two
U.S. lawyers and the head
a its land-redistribution

' program may have been

extreme rightists, but

‘police say they have no

leads fo the gunmen. _
Jose Napaleon Duarte, -

“ president” of” the U5."

backed civilianmilitary
junta, promised “‘an
exhaustive investigation”
into the killings of Mark
David Pearlman, 36, of
Seattle, Wash., Michael
Peter Hammer, 44, of
Potomac, Md., and the
Salvadorean president of

the Agrarian Tran-
sformation Institute, Jose
Rodolfo Viera, 40

Their deaths raised to
seven the number of
Americans killed in the last
month of political warfare
between the extreme right
and extreme left that took
more than 9,000 lives in El
Salvador last year.

The three men were
drinking coffee at the
Sheraton Hotel Saturday
night when two men

walked up to their table,
pulled out pistols and shot
them.

A
SIRPARK,
oF

tit

The gunmen escaped,
_and there have been no
claims of responsibility for
the shootings.

In Washington, the U.S.
state department ex-
pressed grief at the deaths

of the three, ‘whose lives .

-were dedicated to the

;, building of a more just iad '

equilable society in El
Salvador.”

Duarte's government
said it “laments and
energentically condemns
the vile murders.”

“Those who benefit most
by these killings are leftist
groups,” the gcverament
said in 2 communique. But

it said that the killings may
have stemmed from “the
irrational ideas of ‘extreme
rightisis," an apparent

reference to rightwing -

opposition to the govern-
ment’s land-reform
Program on which the

- three | victims had been

- teal aS ee $

Informed “sources said”

Pearlman had been
working in San Salvador
for the last seven months
as an adviser to the
Agrarian Institute and
Hammer arrived Saturday
for a brief visit. A iS.
enbassy an said
both worked for the
American Institute for

r

LETTERS WELCOME

The Herald welcomes its readers comments.
All letters to the edilor of general public interest
will be printed. We do, however, retain the right
to refuse to print letters on grounds of possible
libel or bad taste. We may also edit letters for
Style and length. All letters to be considered for
publication musi be signed.

a

Sources said Pearlman

- minister the landreform

saying the land-reform
effort was intended “‘to
take the wind out a the
left's sais.”

Leftists fighting a
guerrilla war to replace the
jucta with a Marxist
regime claim the gov-
ernment’s land-reform

that controlled FE] Salvador

Thomas Bracken,
described by officials here
- American mer-
cenary, was shot to death
by unidentified gunmen on

WORD PURGE |
LIST LISTED

SAULT STE. MARIE, Mich. (AP)—The phrases
“serves no useful purpose" top the list of cat- . .-

‘Moral - Majority,” “campaign

chwords and phrases to be shunned by English
* Language purists in 1961, say the Unicorn Hunters.

The group of writers and professors, based at

The group also called an allpoinis ‘Red Suffix. .

Alert” on the use of “gate,”' as in “Koreagate’’ or

“We've given Red Alerts before. What we're |

saying is just be on the lookout for such words,"
. sald W.T, Rabe, spokesman for the Unicorn Hun. —

ters, which claims a national membership of 25,000. :
The ‘banishment list, based on “mal, misor-

overuse” was compiled from 1,500 entres from - -

arounithe US. said Peter Thomas, a professut at
_the college.
“Moral Majority,” the title of the conservative |

Ot

religious and political group led by Nev. Jerry -
Falwell, was nominated by Michael Maloney of -
_ Lexington, Ky., who said: “I'm not sure how moral

they are, but I am convinced they. are’ not
majority.”

BANISHES WORDS
In banishing ‘no useful purpose,” Thomas
translated the phrase as meaning: “I don't want it
done, but I can't think up a good reason:
Rabe sald the group, which has iareed tee tt for
the peat seven years, has a serious

_ “T's to attract people's attention to the misuse of

certain words and make ther think twice about the

Inaguage,” Habe said.
The group's list of “Words That Cloy the Ear”

included “fruitworthy," “‘funeralired" and any
. word used by celebritiss in talk show interviews re-

ferring to “*paying our dues” or “surviving.”

Two phrases branded as “cotalty useless” Ine:
cluded’ ‘deplane” and “for sure” when used instead

of “yes, iid :

The Unicorn Hunter placed “share” and “adult”
under “Limited Banishment as “OK words, but
subject to abuse.” ;

Dec. 17.

CHICAGO (AP) — Anyons who walks

into the Willams Clinic and asks for Dr.

Willams is bound te be met with raised -

eyebrows and slightly amused ex-

pressions.

Then would come the question: | Which
one?”

With five Dr. Willlams, all of them
related and working -together, the
Willams Clinic is a family-oriented

~ minimal care,
medical clinic in more ways than one,

There's Dr. Charles Williams, bis two The tees, oak, maple or an dccasional
brothers, Dr. Jasper Williams and Dr. dogwood, are are planted in the public ©
James Willems. Then, there's Charles’ right-ofway mlong the sidewalk or street.
son, Dr. Charles Williams Jr, and Sprecher sald be came up with the iden

“ alter the community lott several €
Jaspar’s son, Dr, Jaspar Williams Jr. trees

The Williamees founded the clinic in Oe tee ane last surnmer’s dry
1900 to carefor black families. More than spall bece crews could not get
100,000 patients come to the clinic each water them offen enough.
year. I realized that if we could get some

—— help from the homeowners we'd have the

ST, MICHAELS, Md. (AP) — A little problem balf licked," Sprecher said.

It’s ODD, isnt it?

and try try to keep others free

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it," sald Town Manager aed a

Sorecher.
‘Under its adopt

sttroeprogram, the:
town will plant a tree free of charge along.
the sidewalk in front of any realdence if

The town manager suki publicizing the
tad

program drew “quite a

sioce then ‘we have put out $0 trees and
about balf of them have been adopted.””

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