PAGE 4, THE HERALD, Monday, October 17, 1977

(the herald ) .

Published by
Sterling Publishers

Genera! Office - 635-6357
Circulation (Terrace) - 635-6357
(Kitimat) - 632-6207

PUBLISHER... W.R. (BILL) LOISELLE
MANAGING EDITOR... STU DUCKLOW

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NOTE OF COPYRIGHT

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Py cat permitted without the written permission of the

fr

“ay

Conserving works

Proceedings of recent conferences on energy and oil spills
could well be tendered as evidence before the Thompson
inquiry into the feasibility of an oi] port on Canada’s west
coast.

The first conference, a symposium on oil spills which
attracted the world’s top scientists, has puta perspective on
spills that should help end the hysteria that surrounds them.

e symposium showed that shorelines devastated by
major spills recover in about ten years, pretty much on
their own. Further, other human activities are more harm-
ful. The Great Lakes may take 1,000 years to recover from
oxygen depletion ca by industrial effluents.

But ten years is a long time in the lives of people living by
the sea, a Dalhousie biologist noted in summing up the
symposium. An indication that oil spills aren’t pure
ecological suicide is no excuse for not tightening federal
regulations governing oil tanker traffic in Canadian waters
and providing for better spill containment methods to en-
sure flascos like the recent spill near Steveston aren't
repeated.

ut demanding action from the federal government isn’t
good enough. A second conference sponsored by the United
Nations, points the accusing finger squarely at the in-
dividual when it comes to dealing with the world energy
shortage.

Canadians are among the most wasteful users of energy
in the world our representatives at the Ottawa conference
learned. Together, European and North American coun-
tries, about 25 per cent of the world's population, use 75 per
cent of the world’s energy.

But a government wishing to cut down the rate we
squander our resources can do little more than impose
penalties on high energy consumption. Considering the high
political risk involved in this type of action, our government
with an election looming, is unlikely to impose new
penalties or increase those already in force.

The answer, as usual, must come from the people. That
means being more energy conscious all the time, realizing
that your own thrifty savings may be undermined by more
wasteful citizens.

But people are already beginnin to adopt the conserver
society methods recently called for by the national research
council. B.C. Hydro announced this weekend that it is
delaying for a year its decision on whether to go ahead with
the Hat Creek coal project, as a result of changes in the
growth of demand for electric power.

Pipeline companies bringing Alaska natural gas to the
lower 48 states are beginning to worry publicly that they
might not be able to sell their gas.

The fact that slight drops in the growth rates with
demands for electrical power and gas can so quickly affect
the policies of huge companies is encouraging to en-
vironmentalists, Whether the impetus to conserve comes
from taxation penalties or a growing awareness of the
world’s finite resources doesn’t matter right now; the fact
is that it seems to be working.

If this trend applies to oll consumption as well, the longer
the Kitimat pipeline proposal is delayed the slimmer its
chances are 0 succeeding.

Indications that individuals are beginning to conserve
energy is relevent to the inquiry.

Today in history

Oct. 17, 1917

Aradiant Queen Elizabeth
arrived with Prince Philip
at Washington 20 years ago
today—in 1957—after
visiting Canada. The Queen
told President Eisenhower
that she came as the Queen
of Canada, and offered
“warm greetings of a
friendly neighbor and
staunch ally.” A crowd of
about one million lined
streets in the rain to see the
royal couple.

HEDMAN

1346—The English
defeated the Scots at
Neville’s Cross.

1849—Frederick Chopin,
Polish composer, was born.

1855—England’s Sir
Henry Bessemer patented
his process for making iron
and steel.

1917—Western . Australia
became connected to the
other states by railway.

1951—Britain rushed troop
reinforcements to the Suez
Canal zone,

©1977 Untvenal Prev Syndiccte ye

3

“Okay, I'm coming out now. Close your eyes!”

Flu a kille

LENINGRAD, U.S.5.R. (AP) —
The Soviet Union is pouring scien-
tifie resources into the fight against
Influenza, a disease it has long
classified as a major public healt
and economic problem.

Soviet specialists, many of them
based in Leningrad, are reportin;
successes with new flu vaccines an
with an earlywarning system to
contain epidemics. The com
puterized warning system predicts
where flu will break out and
suggests school and factory closings
to keep the disease from spreading.

One Soviet specialist contend that
their flu prevention and treatment
are better organized than anywhere
else in the world. Western experts
agree that Soviet scientists have
made substantial contributions in
some areas of flu research, par-
ticularly vaccines.

With every flu epidemic estimated
to cost the state-run economy bet-
ween $2.5billion and $5billion, the
government has devoted large
resources to combating the illness.

IMMUNIZE 40 MILLION

Three Leningrad scientific in-
Stitutes recently finished devel-
opment of a new vaccine based on

Soviet campaign

dead flu virusesthat willbe used for
the first time this winter on some
500,000 Leningrad citizens. Western
sources say Soviet doctors are ex-
pected to immunize 40 million other
citizens this year with older forms of
vaccine based on live viruses.

The Russians have had mass flu
immunization are ams for years,
while the first North American mass
program came cnly last yeal
against the socalled swine flu.

estern medical men
generally been satisfied with im-

’ munization of such high-risk groups

as children and the elderly.

In addition to immunizatior
programs, the Russians have been
active in building equipment to
produce vaccines. At Leningrad’s

asteur Institute of Epidemiology
and Microbiology scientist:
displayed a new transparent column
filled with porous glass material.

The patented column is designed
to produce potent anti-flu vaccine
faster than a more traditional
method that uses centrifuge
equipment. After further tests, the
Russians hope to sell thei:
development to foreign laboratories.

The Soviet Union's earlywarning
system to contain flu epidemics is

-have

r in economic terms

centred at another Leningrac
facility, the U.S.S.R. Influenz
Research Institute.
PREDICTS SPREAD

There, scientists use a math-
ematical model that predicts when a
virus that springs up anywhere in
the Soviet Union will spread to other
cities. Data on the appearance of
new viruses come from 44 “‘anti-flu
outposts’ scattered around th
country.

As for public immunizatior
programs, Western and Sovie
experts agree that the Soviet Union
is an easier country in which to
arrange such programs in than
Western countries. The Soviet Union
has both a centralized health system
and a rigid organization of most of
the population into easily identified
collectives.

‘Publie information and immu-
nization campaigns can be or-
ganized through these collectives
with the assurance that few citizens
will be missed. With the normal
recuperation time from flu in the
Soviet Union about three weeks,
many Soviet enterprises are eager
to help campaigns to protect their
employees.

View of the northern sky silhouettes these workers on top of a nearly-completed high rise near Little Park.

Ouch!

_ We spend most of our lives avoiding pain

LONDON, Ont. (CP) — Most
people cringe at the mere mention of
pain. Many will say they are not
really worried about the way they
die as long as it is quick—and
painless.

Some will get their wish but many
will not.

Dr. Harold Mersky, a University
of Western Ontario researcher and
author of the section on pain in the

15th edition of the Encyclopedia

Britannica, said in an interview that
all of us will experience pain of var-
ing degree during our lives, but
ewer suffer chronic, intractable
pain.

It is this chronic pain, said Mer-
sky, that poses the greatest anguish
for sufferers and frustration for
those who must treat them. ~

He said a great deal is known
about the underlying physiology of
pain but much still remains to be
unravelled,

“There’s uncertainty about the
exact mechanisms which set up
pain. We know that if you damage
yourself, which breaks the surface
or causes cells to degenerate, youre
liable to pain because nerve ter-
minals have been stimulated.”
MAY BE PSYCHOLOGICAL
rain can come from physical
iliness, it can be psychological or it
can come from a combination of the
two. Anxiety and depression can
aggravate an already existing
physical pain.

hether caused by a psy-
chological or physical mechanism,
all pain is real to the sufferer.

ersky, director of psychiatric
education and reseafch in the
faculty of medicine at Western, sald
there is some evidence that the
threshold of complaining about pain
increases if a person has a physical
cause for pain elsewhere in his body.
_If you are anxious you are more
likely to have a large amount of pain
relative to the stimulus than if you
are calm and relaxed. For instance,
a soldier whose attention is on the
battle at hand may not feel pain
from a severe wound until after the
battle is over.

STIMULATED BY FEAR

- Mersky speculates that this ma:
be the result of a “‘biological ad-
vantage” man has to get out of a
dangerous situation. He does what is
needed to get out of his predicament
by either overcoming the enemy—in
this case pain—or running away
from it.

There is also evidence to suggest
that the severity of the pain is
related to the severity of the
situation in which it occurs. _.

It is known, said Mersky, that if a
patient’s fears and anxieties are
alleviated before an operation, he
needs less painkilling medication
afterward.

It has also been shown that people
suffer more pain during ex:

riments when they feel they don’t

ave any control over their
situation.

There are rare individuals who

apparently 4@™mot experience pain.

Mersky onc ated a bright little
girl who had bien off the end of her
tongue, nibbleitaway the end of her
little finger ag@% suffered burns from

rubbing against hot-water pipes.
SUFFER SAME DAMAGE

Her injuries were by no means
deliberate. She simply could not
experience pain. The danger with
such individuals, he said, is that they
tend to do dramatic things to im-

ress their peers. such as jumping
rom great eights.

“They know they can do it without
being hurt and have less fear than
perhaps they should have.”

While these people may not feel
pain they are still damaged like
anyone else.

surprising amount of pain is
caused by the emotions, saic
Mersky. It if estimated that between
30 and 40 cent of patients going
into doctors’ offices with problems
of palin have no physical asis for
their complaints. ;

Their problem is often associated
with anxiety and depression.

Many amputees suffer from a
phenomenon called phantom limb

ain which occurs after a diseased
imb has been surgically removed.

Even though the limb is removed,
the patient still has the whole brain
framework related to the experience
of that limb. Taking away the limb
does not remove the mechanism and
there can be continued pain.

LIMB USED LESS

However, when a limb gradually
becomes less useful before it is
removed, phantom limb feelings
may not occur. For instance, a
woman who has a breast removed
before menopause may experience
the sensation of phantom pain. Yet if
it is done after menopause, she may
not.

While much can be done for pain
today, doctors still see pain that
cannot be totally relieved, said
Mersky.

Carefully used, straight anal-
gesics such as aspirin are often
elpful.

Psychiatric drugs such as
chlorpromazine have an effect on
parts of the mid-brain, which relates
to the activity of areas connected to
the arousal system and can relieve
pain related to some nerve diseases.

Mersky specializes in looking at

psychiatric problems which may be
making pain worse. He said he

* doubts there is much benefit from

hypnosis in relieving such pain.

“There are some people whose

pain is due wholly to psychological
causes.”’

Dealing with such preblems is
sometimes both costly and frus-
trating.

Tension headaches associatec
with anxiety and depression are
common complaints in doctors’
offices and back pain, especially low
back pain, is also common, ;

The person In chronic pain is
under an increased burden emo-
tionally because, for one thing,
others often get tlred of listening to
the complaints and the sufferer
begins to feel nobody is interested.

ide from whatever can be done
medically, Mersky advises activity
and distraction for victims of pain.

LVOICE OF READERS |

Sorry treatment

It's distrubing to hear the
negative response that some
ople are showing towards

e Red's Hockey Team in
Terrace.

Red L'Estange, a long
time resident of Terrace,
has put a lot of time, effort
and money into having a
hockey team to represent
Terrace in the Northwest
League. This team consists
of mostly locoal boys who
have worked ther way
through Minor Hockey in
Terrace. For the first time
people in Terrace can go out
im see local talent playing
hockey, in the league.

Why then are some people
giving the team and Red
such a hard time getling
started. On Saturday
evening when the first
exhibition game of the
season was played, to about
450 fans, they could not have
the local boys introduced as
the P.A. system did not
work, The light s in the time
clock were hapf burnt out,
so you could not read the
time. This is only the start
of the season after the arena
has been shut down for
maintenance for quite a few
months.

It is also distressing to see
Minor Hockey take such a
negative view towards the
boys ho have chosen to try -
out for thet eam. The boys
are being made to suffer

of hockey.

these decisions should Or
is it only for coaches to have
winning team and inflate

their own ?.

Maybe people makin
decisions should take a loo
at the reason for making
them and if it’s not the
benefit of the boys then why
is it? Yd like to see the
whole town get behind the
Red’ and other people who
are working with these

young boys and support
theme instead of figh ig

them every step of theway.
These boys are very hard at
the type of recreation they
feel is important to them.

We are parents of two of
the boys on the team and
also have been supporters of
Minor Hockey since it began
in Terrace.

Ted and Lil Farkvam

’ Canada Employment

This week

. from Ottawa

Campagnolo

As many of you know, highway signs are being changed
from miles per hour to kilometers per hour. Car owners
who are about to change their spéedometers from miles to
kilometres are advised to “proceed with caution”.

The federal department of Consumer and Corporate
Affairs advises that the best and simplest conversion
method is the use of the transparent number stickers placed
onthe glass or plastic cover of the speedometer. It is best if
the new numbers are of a constrasting colour to those
already on the face of the speeometer and they should be
visible for night driving. '

As many of you know, it is an offense under the Weights
and Measures Act to alter or adjust the odometer of any
car. There could be legal problems if you attempt to adjust
you odometer so that itrads in kilometets} do please By-very
careful before purchasing: do-it-yourself ‘conversion: kits;.«
which involve replacement of the odometer dial.’ If you are”
not sure of the procedure, please consult and expert.

In attempt to bring the unemplyment insurance services
closer to those who need it, I an please to advise you that
unemployment clients living in the area served. by the
Smither Canada Manpower Centre will hace their claim
files transferred from Prince George to:

Canada Employment Centre
4630 Lazelle Avenue
Terrace, British Columbia.

Those of you who are claimants and who live in the
following areas will be affected by this move:

Babine- VoJ1B0
Granisle- VoJ 1Wo
Hazelton- V0J1Y0
Housten- V0J1Z0
Kitwanga- V0J2A0
New Hazelton- V0J 230
Smithers- V0J2N0
Telkwa-. V0J 2X0
Topley- V0J2Y0

This arrangement is part of the federal government’s
plan to create a broadened federal labour market service
under the new name “Canada Employment Centre”. It is
part of the newly created Canada Employment and Im-

migration Commission.

If you_have any inquirese, feel free to telephone the
entre in Terrace at 635-7134.

Nodoubt many of you have heard or read advertisements
for a new Canadian youth program-called Katimavik,
which started this summer.

The program runs for ten months, and involves 1000

young people between the ages of 17 and 22 from all parts of
the country.

Throughout the fall and winter months Katimavik teams
will tackle @ variety of work projects in some 30 com-
munities across the land. ese projects have been
developed and prepared in co-operation with the host
communitites and many government agencies and |
departments. Projects chosen will be useful to the com-
‘munities as well as being education to the young people
involved. Most projects involve hard physical work-
environmental clean-up, parks rehabiliation; assistance to.

_ the handicapped; flood and erosion control;forest fire

prevention an
reforestation.

Katimavik organizes the 1000 youths in teams of 30.. Each
team will have three month projects over the coming year,
with each project in a different region of the country, the
West, Central Canada, and the Atlanctic provinces.

Throughtout the year, all those involved will participate
in life and outdoor skills, such as food production and
domestic chores, and maintain a challenging physical
regimen. They will be given $1.a day pockey money and
$1000 when the year is over.

Katimavik promises tobea very exciting and chaliengin
project for those chosen to take part. It is funded and
supported by the Federal government and reports to the
Minister responsible for National Defence, Barney Danson.

If you are interested in applying for Katimavik, you
should do so as soon as possible by obtaining literture and
an application form from any Canada Manpower Centre, or
by writing to the Katimavik Secretariat, Citd du Havre,

preparation of fire breaks, farm works and

Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3R4. All applications should be
accompalined by proof of age.

If you have any questions or comments on these or any
other matters, please feel free to write to me, House of
Commons, Ottawa K1A 0X2. .

t