ed aa ee Fill h Risen juan io cn ih f \ Ny; ll abanest catlteesethtesnanse Dinimmnnlld ee Ie Dvitisnadhuradnicsneuttll Ad ane oan ee y Canada Diente “Should Ve Not Join OAS By BILL DIVINE “Sa Canada join the Or- 8anization _of American . States? _ This is the question perplex- ing External Affairs Minister Green. He thinks the idea Should -be given “deep| hought” but that MP’s should _ initiate gq wide discussion _ mong their ‘constituents.’ How- ever, he has “fewer reserva- . — than most” about signing . ‘Liberal leader Pearson: has - RO reservations. He’s all for _ JOming so that ‘the menace (in se case, Cuba) can best’ be ene with by collective -action, “ites . the. Organization: of ~“AMerican States’. Bot Green wants a public dis- : Sion of the OAS, it must €gin with an* examination of ‘Whose. interests. this _ Serves. Such an examination . Will show that the OAS, and ong Pan-American Union be- : i. it, has served the inter- ee S-of United States: imperial- - 18m at the expense of the. peo- - Ble of Latin America. By joining the OAS on the asis” of Pearson’s approach, : Gonnde would: become a chief en Jn «stifling the. democra- tC strivings of the people of|’ acc America for their nation- _ =* Independence and sover- " Cignty, . : ite the last: legal: loophole bac he way of. the Kennedy ; Sha rine applying fully to Ca- a would be swept away. uit ada’s position as a_satel- € of the U.S. would be fur- €Y solidified. OW IT STARTED Jronically, the idea of Pan- Merican was first. conceived — Bolivar, foremost of Soa €aders in the war for in- a Bence of the Spanish col- I in South America. n 1826, Bolivar initiated ere tt “all American’ con- ane ce, the Congress of Pana- ee “asain by a. desire to . Latin America against fas continuing threat of Euro- nN aggression. It was attend- os ef he a few countries, alta lough a treaty ‘was con- i ed, it was never. ratified: US ac years previously, the : "ver announced its Mon- unt octr “aekeiend assumed the “re- St ility of preserving the Kis Tn Hemisphere” ‘from te encroachment. 3a that time, Latin Ameri- reaction to the Monroe Perican Union ‘was ine, under which: it) Doctrine was generally favor- able, and the U.S. was invited to the Congress of - Panama. Although it accepted, its dele- gation failed to arrive on: time. Three years later, however,. Bolivar foresaw the shape of Pan-Americanism, and in 1829 he wrote: “... it appears that Providence has. destined the United States: to plague Ameri- ca with misery in ‘the nanie of}; liberty”. U.S. EXPANSION | ‘By 1890, when the Pan-Am- founded, over. a. score of U.S. military, aggressions had prepared the way for the emergence of a full-fledged industrialized and: capital-exporting imperialism. | now embarking on a. systema- tic’ campaign of expansion in Latin America. Oe heer “Well that’s nice of Ike to leave me all his old clubs.” _-ECCLES in Br. Daily Worker However, the U.S: faced dif- ficulties in its policies toward Latin America at-that time. An important one was the persist-|. ent British effort to discredit the Pan-American Union which sought to undermine the long- established and then dominent position of British imperialism particularly south of the Car- ibbean area. The absence of Canada from the inter-American system has its origins in the sharp strug- gle between U.S. and British. imperialism that took place at that time. : In addition, U.S. military ag- gression and intervention in Latin America—the seizure of Puerto Rico from Spain, the spurious independence of Cus ba, the severance of Panama from Colombian national: terri: tory. and the creation of. the Canal Zone—roused tremend- ous resentment in Latin Amer- ica. In 1928, the 6th Pan-Amer- ican conference in Havana saw sive, and although it managed to prevent passage of a hostile resolution; -it ‘suffered ° serious loss. of prestige. j REVIVAL IN 1930's Pan-Americanism was reviv- administration: of -Franklin D. Roosevelt; whe dropped. the the “Good Neighbor’ policy. A number of factors induced this change. They included the world economic®crisis, the im- pending SecondWorld War, a sharp drop: in. international trade in: Latin: America. which produced a wave’ of bourgeois nationalism: there; a growth. in ‘trade unionism: in: Latin: Amer- | ica; ineluding formation of the All-Latin. American Confeder- “ation: of Labor Jed: by. Lombar- rent of liberalism in the U.S. -| itself. Lo WS:-- marines~. were>> with- -b@rawn.- from. “the - Caribbean - }- countries; ‘| were -left: heavily armed; na- ‘ltive dictators te’ carry. on the -but in- their: place “work of the marines, ; During this “period, the U.S. ~lwas-forced to agree. to respect | the sovereignty of its neigh- bors, and the principle of non- intervention; But it*substituted new concepts of “collective se- curity”, “mutual consultation in case of external aggression”, new plans for “economic: coop- eration’,.“free’ trade’ and U.S. “private and “government in- vestment in-Latin America for the development of. raw miate- rial-resources’’- i Indicative of the extent_ of U.S. economic penetration of | Gatin America is the fact that ‘im 1914, British investments there exceeded those of the U.S. by nearly 300 per cent. By 1951, British investments had. dwindled absolutely and relatively” to ~- overthrew: the Batista dictatorship -ané@ it be= came clear that this’ small) country was going to. stand up. to the U:S., thus settimge: an ex ample. to: the- rest. of Eatin, America;.. the-. U:S, again. in 1960. -pushed....a .-.resakation, through - the .OAS. rejeeting “the. attempt of the Simne-Seviet, powers to make use of the pol- itical economie-or:seciah:situa- tion of ‘any American-state; in- as-much. as: that attempt: is: €a-| papers that pable of.destroying: hemispher- ic unity and. jeopardizing: the peace and security. of the-hemi:|: sphere’. Thus ‘the concept ef nen-in- tervention, although’. repeated in words,’ has in fact been left behind, and.a new cencept of, -- Its most* practical-expressiow has_ been. the U.S:-backedinva- .Sion.of Cuba and.it has. been, earried to new heights--by- the- Kennedy» Dac- trine which declares. that any Leountry in the Western Hem® “sphere that ‘establisheeq Payee érnment not in line with the wishes of the U.S. is a: thread “to the security: of eur ewn na- tion”. ; This, as countless epserver9 have -noted, inches: Canada, Yet our-external affains. minis- ter. has ; “fewer - reservation? than most’ about-jeiming the OAS~ while the “‘eppesHien? leader can’t wait te~sign= the woule- compicta imperialism. Instead of. joining the OAS, Canada should adopt pelicies aimed at winning its independ ence from the U:S. and shewid: _institute .a program: ef trade and assistance withthe coun- tries of Latin Ameriea- whith would help them wim their in- direct ~ U.S: . mtervention: - in Latin-America~ has -taken its place. dependence as well. ment and. parliament to take weapons for Canada and-for d Diefenbaker, ~ to be defeated by war, hot er ent arms race the brief said ‘in catastrophe.” Tell MPs arms race can only end in catastrophe In brilliant sunshine, over 100 peace trekkers paraded: f to Oitawa‘s Parliament Hill on May 15 to call om the govern- F : . Organized by. the Canadian.Peace Congress, the Ostawa peace trek, which inchided ~peace supporiers from many centres: including. B.€.,-presented~a brief to Prime Minister The brief caHiedion thé Canadian government? to. promoie "a basic’ charge in attitude: face Communism as a challenge: to be met by better performance rather than-es an enemy cold." : = - “Oux aim. must-be nothing less than the. abolition.of the means. of waging war,” sajd the brief. Referring to the pres- } a firm stand agains} swelear isarmament. this ‘‘mad race can onky end May 26, 1861—PACIFIC TRIBUNE: Page 3 theeretical - 7 ‘the sell-out. of Canada:te~U S. :