LONDON

1 NEW voice is being heard
in India. It is an important

- Voice,
_ Sage for the politicians of the Con-
_ Stess party engaged in their clever
elhi

LY

elt is che voice of great numbers

‘ “of Workers, peasants and students

“Peginning now to unite, begin-

- ing to demand the kind of govern-

‘Ment that will have the confidence
of the Working people.

: This is the thing that of. all
events today is likely to have the
~ ™Pst profound effect on the fut-
ii Sy of India—more profound than
Jawaharlal Nehru, from the
_ Working committee of ‘the Con-
 -Bress Party and his subsequent
Teturn to the committee.  °

‘threatened clash between Pakis-
m and India over Kashmir.
he people of India are prepar-
“ing for the first general election,
Which takes place next January.
For the first time there will be
‘Universal adult vote—170 mil-
zit men and women will be able
; to indicate their opinions, | 4
: fa united progressive force chal-
enging the, Congress party with
Wide support would have decisive
“etfects both on India’s internal

‘Policy — and on her position in -

i eve affairs, in)

RS Peon res. has ruled trata: for
ust Over four years. They have.
been years of disillusion. |

e rich bankers, industrialists
“and landlords who gained posi-
tions of power in the Congress

a: rae for —

Indian independence are
- Rereely. antagonistic to the inter-
€sts of the country's | paver
« Stricken Millions. |

Since Congress came ‘to power
the’ Cost: sof living has soared.
@ges have remained low. Un-
~*mployment has been a scourge.
amine has caused untold mis-
aot Disease has been uncheck-
But. among the rulers, corrup-
ion has been and remains. Seaeed

‘Mitte

Reis. and high government
Pmcials are involved. :

Profiteering and black market-
tng is rampant. ‘ ry

€ feudal princes and land-

ae retain their power, batten-

ME as of old on the peasantry.

ap Pitas, particularly British and
“Merican mone y, dominate,
“Sia enormous profits. oe

It has an important mes- ©

Moves and: foutermoves at New

© resignation of Prime Minister .

More profound, even, than the

N this election, the emergence ~

Party during the long struggle —

SPread—a fact now generally ad-

Tn India’s economic life foreign .

¥

The Indian people have oak
borne this state of affairs with-
out efforts at revolt. And the
government has. replied’ with
brutal répression—how brutal the
government has been is shown in
official figures. }

Government. forces, ithe | fizures

show: ,

@- ‘Opeted fire 1,982 ‘times dur-—

hree years between Aug-
ane ce barsatia August 1, 1950;
 @ They killed 3,784 of the peo-
“ple who were demanding a better
life in India; .
e They jailed 50, 000;

people.

/

@ In the yur ‘they las yori:

- By BEN BRADLEY

That was the government re-
action to the discontent bred by
its policy.
®

crisis has now broken out in the
Congress party—a crisis that has
been maturing for many months.

The corruption L
wing of the party has caused the
masses of people who backed
Congress in the , independence
struggle first to protest and then
to break away. New groups are
being formed,

_ There is the Krishak-Praja par-
ig led by Kidwai, who resigned
from the ministry, and J- B.
Kripalani, who. was secretary-

Indian momen ee through the streets of Lucknow to arouse public

sy support for their demands.

No wonder then, that a serious —

in the »right-
‘man with a mass_

Something new
happening in India

general of Congress for 12 years.
Kripalani attacks the present

_ Congress leadership for its ’re-

actionary policies and for lack
of “efficiency and integrity.” In
that he has the support of many
other prominent party members.
Within the Congress leadership,
Pandit Nehru remains the only
following.
Nehru has’ resigned to emphasise
his opposition to Tandon, the
spokesman of the extreme right
wing, whose Tesignation as Con-
gress president Nehru forced last
week.
~ Another important and hopeful

_ fact is that important develop-
' ments are taking place within the
Socialist party of India, 2
-' Here the leaders follow closely _
. the line. of the British pens

party’s right wing.
They’ are, indeed, the principal

. supporters of American penetra-

tion in India.

But the Socialist party, too, is

having . to face “mutiny in its
ranks. ;
An important» section led by

Aruna Asaf Ali, opposing the of-

ficial policy, has broken away.
Local sections of the Socialist
party have joined this move and

_are working with a united left

in their areas.

Finally, the Gommnnist party of

India has attracted growing Sup.
port ip its’ eae a eee
oe

From the: opposition ai Goa

gress has come formation of a
united front to defeat the gov-
ernment in the general election,
The program suggested by the

Communist party as the basis for

unity is:

J tana to the peasantry.

—Confiscation and nationali-

sation of foreign capital in

India, and the protection of
. national industry.

y XN
—A complete break with the
British Empire and the ex-
pulsion of British imperialist
‘ advisers. :

is

4 —Guarantees of full employ-

ment, a living wage and

_ social security to the working
“people. . | ;

—Guarantees of full demo-
cratic rights and the repeal ©
of all repressive laws. :

A preview of. what can happen
is shown by results in some local -
elections. ‘

_ At \Chandernagore a Whnited
Progressive Front formed to con-
test elections for the municipal
assembly won all 25 seats.

In the Burdwan District Board
election a United Progressive
bloc won 16 out of 26 seats:

Of course, Congress influence
is still considerable.

Nevertheless, if the Indian

» Communist party-and-the United. _
Front of Prognessives can‘ secure
the reterun to the Constituent —
Assembly of a’ strong group of —

Communists and Progressives, a_
great blow will have been struck

against reaction and ‘particulagly.

against Western war plans.

@® Ben Bradley has been closely
_ associated with the struggles of

_ the Indian people for 30 years.
As an organizer of the Indian
trade union and peasant move-
ments he travelled all over the
country. In 1929 he was one of

| the accused in the famous
‘Meerut Conspiracy Case. His
sentence of ten years impris-

4s a result of popular near

; ue Union aaeRieok specific
- Sbligations. These. obligations are
_ Sutlined in’ the Cairo Declaration,
zt i the Potsdam Declaration, and
nN the Yalta Agreement. |
cs hese agreements recognize the
Absohutele indisputable rights of
hina, now the Chinese People’s
Ay ©public, to ‘térritories still re-
ae maining | severed from it.
e ai indisputable fact that original

- Severed from it<2such as Taiwan
_ “ormosa) Island,
“ores, the Paracel Islands and
‘Other Chinese territories—should

Dle’ Ss Republic.

Southern part of Sakhalin: Island

at Present under the sovereignty
‘°t the Soviet Union, are equally
% indisputable. There should not.
© any lack of clarity if we are

tights of states to territory which
: en got hold of by the force
arms, |

Such are the main spiadinas
Beh, ‘in accordance with ak

his

M™ese territories \ which were”

esca-
Sane) consequently, to. what an extent

does it meet the! interests (OLas

4 in the oor
28 returned: to the Chinese Peo-

The Soviet Union's right to the

- “Nd all the island adjacent to. it,
© 25 well ‘as to the: Kurile Islands, ©

to pr utable —
Proceed from the indisp fae ‘Japan's armed forces.

- ready exis t ing ‘international _ :
agreements, should form the
basis of .a peace treaty with :

tation of
Japan and the implemen
swhich Would mean the establish-

ment of a durable Racin in the —

Far East.
@

{

A question ‘arises: To Saat ex-

tent does the U. §-British draft

of a peace treaty with Japan cor-.

' respond to the principles outlined

of the Allied.
an scsi corer ‘expansion of military, naval and

air bases in Japan, in the “re- _
establishment of land, naval, and

powers in respect to Japan atid,

maintaining pee

East? _ rg
First. of all it is nee appro-

‘ priate to ask whether this draft.
contains any guarantee against

\
‘the rebirth of Japan as an ag-
gressive state?
gretted that it does not. That
it does not can ,be seen from
the fact that it does not provide
‘for any restrictions. on ‘the size

that peace
It is well known

treaties concluded after the Sec-
-ond World War with other states,
for example, with Italy, contain

Meg eee ae

“It is to be re- | war material. n
Te

_ manpower resources of Japan are

being widely used, by ‘the U.S.

AT tS replant intervention ia

specific provision’ restricting’ the.

strength of the armed forces of
appropriate states.
ever, is being placed in a privil-
i eged position in “spite of the fact ;
that there are no reasons for
doing so.

Japan, how-

Thus the Ug-British draft fol-

- lows the existing practice of the
U.S. occupation authorities sin

Japan. in the re-establishment of

all kinds of militarist organiza-

tions; in the construction and

air forces, ‘and in the’ expansion
and organization of former® qaps

-anese military arsenals.
Already the Japanese industry

is being converted more and
more to armaments and strategic
The material and

Korea.

The US. eoraioieet is eihatt.

tuting the task of preventing the
rebirth of Japanese militarism

and ensuring the future security
of countries that have suffered
i

such an agreement will still fur-
ther push Japan along, the path
of re- -estAblishment of militarism,
will still further encourage the
activities of militarist eecles in
Japan.

The U.S-Bhitish draft is im-

posing on Japan an ‘obligation to
join a military grouping directed
with its pointed end against the —
countries neighboring Japan, and .
first and foremost against the
‘Soviet'Union and the Chinese”
“This canbe

People’s Republic.
seen from the fact that in the

military agreement provided for
by the American-British draft the

participation of such countries as

the Chinese People’s Republic and
' the Soviet Union is being exclud-
aed. ;

The real nature of this require-

ment cannot be concealed by any

false phrases regarding the right
of Japan for “individual and col-
lective self-defense,” since there
exists no threat to Japan by the
states neighboring it. In these
circumstances any references to

Why the Soviet Union didn’t sign the Japanese treaty”

from Japanese aggression “by the
“conclusion of a military agree-
ment with Japan. Conclusion of —

_ the necessity for Tapa to join

-any military blocs for the alleged

purpose of self-defense are
groundless,

Any reference to the necessity
for Japan to enter into military
agreements and alliance ' with
other states, under the alleged
pretext that this is being prompt-
ed by the interests of Japan’s

‘self-defense, are the more ridicu-
lous since’ Japan has not been

sQbjected for centuries to any at-'
tack from any side.
from any side.

Driving Japan into magne
blocs provided for by the Amer-
ican-British draft cannot but >

_ Cause anxiety on the part of states _

which are really interested in
safeguarding and maintaining ©
peace: in a Far-East.
In sonhaios with this it is _
also necessary to dwell on the

question of the withdrawal of —

occupation forces from Japan and
of preventing creation of foreign

» Military basis on Japanese terri-

tory.
In the peace based concluded ;
Concluded on page 11 ~

_ PACIFIC TRIBUNE — SEPTEMBER 21, 1951 — PAGE 5

onment was cut to one year

abet |